Mineral Collection Images

My Mineral Collection, Miscellaneous Systematic Oxides Page

These are my oxides. Oxides have the widest range of properties of all the mineral classes.
Oxides on Other Pages
Another bixbyite, chrysoberyl, ruby, and sapphire are on my gemstones page. See my quartz page, though there is a specimen here with "beta quartz". Cuprite and partzite are on my copper minerals page. Bindheimite, cesarolite, minium, and plattnerite are on my lead minerals page and see a plattnerite-tipped aurichalcite on my zinc minerals page. For tellurite, see spiroffite on my sulfates page. Gahnite and zincite are on my zinc minerals page.
Oxides Info
I've kept the spinels here rather than put them on my gemstones page - the spinel group comprises a lot of mixed oxides. Most of mine are not gemstone or jewelry quality. Hydroxides are also included here. The cassiterites will soon have their own page.
Specimens on This Page (links take you to either the first or only specimen)
anatase, apuanite, arsenolite, aurorite baddeleyite, bahianite, behoite, belyankinite, bixbyite (including an odd bixbyite ps. garnet), boehmite, brookite, brucite (and variety nemalite) cassiterite (including varieties "sparable tin", "wood tin" and a new, rare tantalum-bearing cassiterite), chalcophanite, chromite, columbite-tantalite, coronadite, coulsonite, cryptomelane diaspore (and variety mangandiaspore) fergusonite, feroxyhyte, ferrocolumbite, ferrotapiolite, fluornatromicrolite, franconite, franklinite galaxite, gibbsite, goethite, groutite hausmannite, hematite (including a rainbow hematite and variety martite), hercynite, hetaerolite, hollandite, hydrohetaerolite ilmenite, ilmenorutile, iwakiite jacobsite latrappite, lithiophorite, loparite, lueshite maghemite, magnesiochromite, magnetite (including a rare dodecahedral crystal, and variety titanomagnetite), deepsea manganese nodule, manganite, manganocolumbite, manganostibite, manganotantalite, manjiroite, mopungite nsutite perovskite, pseudobrookite, psilomelane, pyrolusite (and variety polianite) ramsdellite, ranciéite, romanèchite, roméite, rutile senarmontite, simpsonite, spinel, squawcreekite, stibiconite, stibiotantalite tegengrenite, todorokite, trevorite, , tripuhyite, tungstite, turgite valentinite, varlamoffite, vernadite, versiliaite wodginite

66 Rows
Anatase One of the classic specimens of sharply dipyramidal tetragonal anatase (a trimorph of titanium dioxide with rutile and brookite) - this thumbnail comes from Matshorhe (Matskorhae), Hordaland, Norway. The anatase crystals are a beautiful translucent deep blue. Thanks to Dave Hayward at Lucky Strike Minerals for the specimen and the images!	Apuanite and Versiliaite A miniature of a black apuanite (a ferrosoferric sulfantimonate) aggregate on a barite matrix with black microtabular versiliaite (another ferrosoferric sulfantimonate), from the type locality for both - the Buca Della Vena Mine, North of Stazzema, Versilia Valley, Apuan Alps, Italy. Thanks to Anthony Jones' auction on eBay for the specimen!	Arsenolite A thumbnail of light-orange arsenolite (arsenic trioxide) crystals on matrix from (possibly) the White Caps Mine near Manhattan, Nye County, Nevada. Even though arsenic trioxide is widely used in industry, arsenolite is too rare to be an ore. It forms an incomplete series with senarmontite, its antimony analog, and is dimorphous with claudetite. Thanks to Steve & Susan Bringe's (Summit Minerals) auction on eBay for the specimen and the image!
Row 2
Aurorite Two centimeter-sized chunks of aurorite (a hydrated manganese silver calcium oxide) disseminated throughout calcite from the type locality of the Aurora Mine, Treasure Hill, Hamilton, White Pine County, Nevada. Thanks to Chris Auer's (Eureka Micromounts) auction on eBay for the specimen and the image!	Baddeleyite Baddeleyite is zirconium oxide - this miniature comes from the Jacupiranga Mine, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Ex: Harry Uhl Collection (1936). Thanks to Jennings "Beau" Gordon's (Jendon Minerals) auction on eBay for the specimen!	Bahianite Bahianite's an unusual mineral - it's an aluminum antimony mixed oxide with a hardness of 9! This waterworn thumbnail of colorless bahianite-filled vugs comes from the type locality of Paramirim das Crioulas, Serra das Almas, Bahia State, Brazil. Thanks to Anthony Jones' auction on eBay for the specimen!
Row 3
Behoite An excellent thumbnail of behoite (beryllium hydroxide) clusters (larger image, right) on natrolite from Mont Saint Hilaire, Québec, Canada. This specimen was collected by Jonathan Levinger in the Fall of 2002. Thanks to Jonathan Levinger's auction on eBay for the specimen and the images!	Belyankinite This excellent miniature of rare cream-colored belyankinite (a hydrated titanium zirconium niobium calcium oxide) on a nepheline syenite matrix comes from somewhere on the Kola Peninsula, Murmanskaja Oblast', Russia - it may be type locality material. Belyankinite froms a series with manganbelyankinite, where manganese replaces the zirconium. Thanks to Thomas Bee's auction on eBay for the specimen and the image!	Bixbyite A beautiful pair of bixbyite (iron manganese oxide) cubes from the type locality of the Maynard Topaz Mine in the Thomas Range, Juab County, Utah - the larger one is about 6 mm on an edge. There's a few hematite blades scattered about, as well. It forms a series with manganbixbyite, where the manganese predominates. Thanks to Walter Mroch's (The Gem and Mineral Exploration Company) auction for the specimen and the image!
Row 4
Bixbyite after Garnet Here's an unusual thumbnail - a bixbyite pseudomorph of garnet from the Thomas Range, Juab County, Utah. Thanks to Anthony Jones' auction on eBay for the specimen!	Bixbyite A beautiful cluster of bixbyite cubes on a hematite after garnet matrix with micro topaz from the type locality of the Maynard Topaz Mine, Thomas Range, Juab County, Utah. The closeup (larger image, center) shows odd "crosshairs" on the bixbyite faces. Thanks to Walter Mroch's auction for the specimen and the image!	Bixbyite This is a very large (1.5cm crystal) and complex cluster of bixbyites with attendant sherry topazes (larger image, bottom right) from the Solar Wind Claims near Dugway Pass, Thomas Range, Juab County, Utah. The closeup (larger image, bottom left) shows very fine crosshair etchings on the mirror-bright faces. Thanks to Walter Mroch's auction for the specimen!
Row 5
	Boehmite A micromount of tan boehmite (or böhmite, aluminum hydroxyoxide) on white natrolite from the Saga Quarry, Strandåsen, Porsgrunn,Telemark, Norway. It's dimorphic with diaspore. Thanks to Don Smoley's Minerals & Gems' table at the 2003 Carnegie Gem & Mineral Show for the specimen!	Brookite Brookite is a trimorph with rutile and anatase - this thumbnail's from Magnet Cove, Hot Springs County, Arkansas. The brookites from Magnet Cove are very different from that found elsewhere - the crystals are usually pinacoidally-terminated octahedrons with metallic etched/pitted faces. See my Swiss brookite (next panel) for a more typical appearance. Thanks to the Carnegie Natural History Museum Store for the specimen!
Row 6
Brookite A gorgeous miniature of almost gemmy reddish-brown brookite crystals on matrix from Grindelwald, Bern, Switzerland. Thanks to Frank P. Butler for the specimen and the images!		Brucite A beautiful thumbnail of blue brucite (magnesium hydroxide) from the unusual locale of Phalaborwa (Palabora), Transvaal, Republic of South Africa. Thanks to Adam Larson's (Adam's Minerals) auction on eBay for the specimen!
Row 7
Brucite, var. Nemalite The fibrous habit of brucite is named nemalite - these 19" fibers are from the September 2001 find at Asbestos, Quebec, Canada. They're also one of the more nasty types of asbestos - the ferrous oxide on the fibers increases the chance of lung cancer. (I'm keeping mine in a sealed plastic bag.) Thanks to Eric Greene's (Treasure Mountain Mining) auction on eBay for the specimen!	Brucite A micromount of brown brucite on matrix from the Wood's Chromite Mine, State Line Area, Pennsylvania. Thanks to Don Smoley's Minerals & Gems' table at the 2003 Carnegie Gem & Mineral Show for the specimen!	Cassiterite This is the only important tin ore (from Viloco, Bolivia, where most of today's tin is mined). The crystals are light to dark brown and black; some of the lighter ones are translucent (and because they're tetragonal, there's some polarization of transmitted light through them). This miniature is really beautiful and heavy - cassiterite's one of the heaviest non-metallic-appearing minerals. Thanks to Tom & Vicki Loomis at Dakota Matrix Minerals for the specimen and the image!
Row 8
Cassiterite This single complex cassiterite crystal comes from Zinnwald, Bohemia, Czech Republic and is over an inch and a half long. Thanks to Suzanne's (Bumps Fine Art) auction on eBay for the specimen!	Cassiterite Cassiterite and matte-finish pyrite from Viloco, La Paz, Bolivia. Thanks to Anne & Charles Steuart's auction on eBay for the specimen!	Cassiterite A shiny twin cassiterite crystal from Linópolis, Divino das Laranjeiras, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Thanks to Joanne Dionne's (The Mineral Mall) auction on eBay for the specimen!
Row 9
Cassiterite Another cassiterite from Linópolis - this cluster's a thumbnail. Thanks to Greg Meyers' (Greg's Minerals) auction on eBay for the specimen!	Cassiterite A reddish-gray cassiterite miniature cluster from the La Chojlla Mine, Sur Yungas Province, La Paz, Bolivia. Thanks to Richard Dale's (Dale Minerals International) auction on eBay for the specimen and the image!	Cassiterite More Bolivian cassiterite - this miniature cluster with quartz comes from Viloco in La Paz. Thanks to Mike Keim at Marin Minerals for the specimen and the images!
Row 10
Cassiterite This one from the same location's about twice the size. Thanks to Anne & Charles Steuart's auction on eBay for the specimen and the image!	Cassiterite A small cabinet specimen of lustrous cassiterite crystals and twins on muscovite mica from Sichuan Province, China. Thanks to Greg Holland at the Stone Haven Mineral Shoppe for the specimen!	Cassiterite This is an odd cassiterite miniature from Llallagua, Bustillos Province, Potosi, Bolivia - very small crystals line the microvugs in what appears to be massive cassiterite. There's also unidentified small pinkish-tan crystals here and there. Thanks to the North Star Minerals' table at the 2000 Carnegie Gem & Mineral Show for the specimen!
Row 11
Cassiterite Transparent in a few places and translucent in the rest, this twinned cassiterite thumbnail comes from Viloco, La Paz, Bolivia. The matrix also has tiny tourmalines and beautiful small white glossy flattened rosettes of cleavelandite. Thanks to Greg Holland at the Stone Haven Mineral Shoppe for the specimen and the images!	Cassiterite This is a textbook tetragonal thumbnail crystal of opaque cassiterite from Madagascar. Thanks to the MFG Auction Co.'s auction for the specimen and the image!	Cassiterite A thumbnail of waterworn massive cassiterite from Miaragua, Pelon, Bolivia. Thanks to Ken DeMary's auction on eBay for the specimen!
Row 12
Cassiterite A large, nicely terminated single thumbnail crystal of cassiterite from the Yunnan Province of China. Thanks to Tony Jones' auction on eBay for the specimen!	Cassiterite A miniature of lustrous cassiterite crystals on a matrix of zinnwaldite mica from Mount Xuebao, near Ping Wu, Sichuan Province, China. These classic cassiterite crystals show a remarkable resemblance to the ones found at Zinnwald, Bohemia, Czechoslovakia. Thanks to Tony Jones' auction on eBay for the specimen!	Cassiterite A gorgeous bright intergrown miniature cluster of cassiterites from Ximeng County, Yunnan, China. Thanks to Ed Reznichenko's (Fairfax Minerals) auction on eBay for the specimen!
Row 13
Cassiterite A big (2.5 inch) cassiterite crystal from the Hunan area of China. There's some muscovite on the back and an unknown transparent light-yellow crystal (larger image, closeup, bottom row, center). Thanks to Yinan Wang's auction on eBay for the specimen and the images!	Cassiterite Golden yellow blades (and smaller white ones) of cassiterite, a very nice quartz crystal, and tiny copper-colored hexagonal plates of pyrrhotite (larger image, bottom row, right) cover the matrix of this small cabinet specimen from Minas Gerais, Brazil. The habit is a very rare one and the color is also uncommon - cassiterite, though white when pure, usually is darker. Thanks to Mike Giammatteo's auction on eBay for the specimen! Thanks also to David Von Bargen of the MSA for confirmation that it is, indeed, cassiterite.	Cassiterite A beautiful thumbnail of twinned cassiterites from Mexico. Thanks to Joan Tucker's auction on eBay for the specimen!
Row 14
Cassiterite An excellent sharp, glossy cassiterite crystal from the Yunlong tin deposit (Lin Yang Mine?), Yunnan Province, China. Thanks to John Sobolewski's auction on eBay for the specimen!	Cassiterite An interesting miniature of drusy microcrystalline cassiterite on quartz from Chorolque, Polori, Bolivia. The Cerro Chorolque mining area is famous for its cassiterite epimorphs - this may be one; the underside of the specimen (larger image, top and bottom right) show a cassiterite-coated cast (and fascinating deposition layers), probably after pyrite. Thanks to Ken DeMary's auction on eBay for the specimen!	Cassiterite A miniature of brilliant "ruby" cassiterites in matrix from the famous Elsmore Tin Mine, New South Wales, Australia. Thanks to Tony Smith's auction on eBay for the specimen and the image!
Row 15
Cassiterite A large thumbnail cassiterite crystal from Pingwu, Sichuan Province, China.	Cassiterite An old! (1943) thumbnail of cassiterite crystals and magnetite from Lincoln, South Carolina. Thanks to Jennings "Beau" Gordon's (Jendon Minerals) auction on eBay for the specimen!	Cassiterite, var. Sparable Tin This thumbnail of tiny cassiterite crystals in massive dark green chlorite is from Wheal Charlotte, Perranuthnoe, Cornwall, Great Britain and was collected in April 2002. There's a fascinating etymology behind the varietal name "sparable tin" - the steeply pyramidal terminations of the Cornwall cassiterites (in contrast to the more typical flatter terminations elsewhere) derived their name from the sparable nails used by cobblers to prevent wearing down of shoe soles (much like the more modern cleats). Sparable nails, in turn, were named for their resemblance to "sparrow bills". Thanks to Steve Cantiello's auction on eBay for the specimen!
Row 16
Tantaliferous Cassiterite The Carmelita Mine near Warner Springs in San Diego County, California is the home of a new, rare tantalum-bearing cassiterite - this miniature contains a few rough crystals in a feldspar matrix. Thanks to Erik Cordova's auction on eBay for the specimen!	Cassiterite, var. Wood Tin This miniature of the wood tin variety of cassiterite is from Potosi, Bolivia (probably Santiaguillo). Thanks to Wright's Rock Shop's table at the 2002 Carnegie Gem & Mineral Show for the specimen!	Chalcophanite Black chalcophanite (a hydrated manganese zinc iron oxide) microclusters on matrix thumbnail from the Plaka Mines, Laurium, Greece. Thanks to Tom & Vicki Loomis at Dakota Matrix Minerals for the specimen and the image!
Row 17
Chalcophanite An excellent small cabinet specimen of sparkling chalcophanite and matte pyrolusite from La Union, Murcia, Spain. It has a Pareja Minerals tag. Thanks to Marvin Schwalb's auction on eBay for the specimen!	Chromite in Dunite Dunite, the non-gem massive granular tan to light green variety of olivine, often has members of the spinel group embedded within. This large cabinet specimen from the mountains of western North Carolina has hundreds of shiny black chromite (iron chromium oxide) octahedrons. Chromite forms two complete series, one with hercynite (iron aluminum spinel) and one with magnesiochromite (magnesium chromium spinel). It's also dimorphic with donathite. Chromite usually occurs in massive habit, e.g., as the matrix for zaratite. Thanks to Mike Streeter's auction on eBay for the specimen! Thanks also to Mike Streeter for the compositional update - this was originally thought to be spinel in dunite.	Chromite A miniature of rare chromite crystals in vugs with vesuvianite and grossular from Eden Mills, Lamoille County, Vermont. Thanks to Val Collins' auction on eBay for the specimen!
Row 18
Chromite A fascinating miniature of chromite nodules in matrix (great contrast!) from the Acoje Mine, Santa Cruz, Zambales Province, Luzon, Philippines. This locale is one of the major chromium mines in the world. The extreme closeup (larger image, bottom left) shows purple chroumium(VI) ion contamination of the matrix. It has a Burminco tag. Thanks to Jasun McAvoy's auction on eBay for the specimen and the image!	Coronadite A small cabinet chunk of brownish-black massive coronadite (a manganese lead - and usually barium and vanadium - oxide) from Inyo County, California. Thanks to Thomas Bee's auction on eBay for the specimen!	Columbite-Tantalite Columbite-tantalite is the generic name for unanalyzed members of the columbite/tantalite family (they're hard to distinguish without sophisticated tests) - this handsome thumbnail cluster comes from the Morro Redondo Mine, Coronel Murta, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Thanks to Alexander Falster's auction on eBay for the specimen and the image!
Row 19
Coulsonite A miniature of coulsonite (iron vanadium oxide, spinel family) crystals in magnetite from near the Buena Vista Hills, 32 km SE of Lovelock, Pershing County, Nevada. It forms an incomplete series with magnesiocoulsonite, its magnesium analog. Thanks to Emilie & Ron Kendig's auction on eBay for the specimen!	Cryptomelane A thumbnail of rare (for Pennsylvania) cryptomelane (a manganese potassium oxide) from the Wharton Mine, Mount Holly Springs, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania. Thanks to Ron Sloto's auction on eBay for the specimen and the image!	Diaspore Diaspore is one of the three aluminum (hydr)oxides (with boehmite and gibbsite) referred to as bauxite. Pale lavendar diaspore crystals comprise most of this small cabinet piece from (probably) the Chester Emery Mines, Chester, Hampden County, Massachusetts - it's from the collection of L. L. Hubbard, which dates it to the 1920s. Thanks to Thomas Bee's auction on eBay for the specimen!
Row 20
Diaspore A miniature of diaspore from Turkey. Thanks to Hasan Diker's (Lapidarydealers) auction on eBay for the specimen!	Diaspore A beautiful gemmy lavender diaspore crystal from Turkey. Thanks to Bill Kohout's auction on eBay for the specimen and the image!	Diaspore, var. Mangan-diaspore This beautiful miniature of mangandiaspore (the manganese-rich variety of diaspore) from the Glossen Mine, Postmasburg, Griqualand West, South Africa also has some ephesite mica (closeup) on it. Thanks to Tony Nikischer at the Excalibur Mineral Company for the specimen!
Row 21
Fergusonite A sliver of fergusonite (yttrium niobium oxide) in matrix from Verona, Ontario, Canada. There are six different fergusonites - fergusonite-(Y) is from the Ontario area, so it's probably that. It's dimorphic with fergusonite-beta-(Y) and forms a series with formanite-(Y), its tantalum analog. Thanks to Vince Olsovsky's auction on eBay for the specimen!	Feroxyhyte Feroxyhyte's an interesting mineral (iron hydroxyoxide); it only exists in an anaerobic environment. This thumbnail from the type locality of Kolomea, Ukraine has long since altered spontaneously to goethite. It's a trimorph with goethite and lepidocrocite and forms an incomplete series with akaganéite, where chlorine replaces some of the cations. Thanks to Ingo Drescher's auction on eBay for the specimen!	Ferrocolumbite A thumbnail chunky ferrocolumbite (iron metaniobate, now iron niobium mixed oxide) crystal collected in 1996 from the Coats Mine, Petaca district, Rio Arriba County, New Mexico. It forms two complete series, one with ferrotantalite and the other with manganocolumbite and an incomplete series with magnocolumbite. Thanks to Steve & Susan Bringe's (Summit Minerals) auction on eBay for the specimen!
Row 22
Ferrotapiolite Ferrotapiolite is an iron manganese tantalum oxide with a trace of niobium - this rich miniature comes from the Zundum Mine, Pontal District, Minas Gerais, Brazil. It forms a complete series with manganotapiolite where the manganese content is greater than the iron. Thanks to Steve & Susan Bringe's (Summit Minerals) auction on eBay for the specimen!	Fluornatromicrolite A rare new mineral in the microlite group, fluornatromicrolite (a bismuth, fluorine, and sodium-rich tantalum oxide) occurs as green isometric crystals, as in this micro of fluornatromicrolite in albite from the type locality of the Quixaba Mine, Frei Martinho, Paraíba, Brazil. Thanks to Adam Larson's (Adam's Minerals) auction on eBay for the specimen!	Franconite Franconite is what used to be called a niobate, a hydrated sodium salt of tetraniobic acid (Na2Nb4O11. 9H2O). Most chemists now consider niobates (and related compounds) to be merely mixed oxides. This thumbnail is from Mont Saint Hilaire, Quebec, Canada. Thanks to PhelansFinds auction on eBay for the specimen!
Row 23
Franklinite and Willemite A small cabinet specimen of black octahedrons of franklinite (another iron zinc manganese oxide) and reddish-brown willemite (one of the zinc silicates) in white calcite from the co-type locality of Franklin, New Jersey. The willemite glows bright green and the calcite red under longwave UV.	Franklinite This miniature has lots of franklinite crystals, some green willemite, and one andradite garnet on a calcite matrix, also from Franklin. Thanks to Scott Stepanski's auction on eBay for the specimen!	Franklinite A miniature of radiating franklinite from the Siete Suyos Mine, Potosi, Bolivia. Thanks to Ken DeMary's auction on eBay for the specimen!
Row 24
Franklinite This miniature from Franklin, New Jersey has a fairly complex franklinite crystal. Thanks to Marvin Schwalb's auction on eBay for the specimen!	Franklinite A beautiful contrasty miniature of sharp franklinite crystals on bright red-orange fluorescing calcite (larger image, lower right) from the type locality of the Sterling Mine in Ogdensburg, New Jersey. Thanks to Charles Rosa's auction on eBay for the specimen!	Galaxite Galaxite's another member of the Spinel Group - this toenail of silvery-black galaxite (aluminum manganese magnesium oxide) is from the type locality of Bald Knob, Galax, Alleghany County, North Carolina. The larger image shows (closeup) tiny orange spessartines on the galaxite matrix. Thanks to Mike McDuffie's auction on eBay for the specimen!
Row 25
Gibbsite Usually gibbsite is a nondescript, colorless, microcrystalline mineral - this specimen from the 2003 find at Baoshan, Yunnan Province, China consists of aqua-blue botryoidal gibbsite on matrix. When first found it was mistaken for smithsonite. It also fluoresces an odd olive-green under LUV. Gibbsite is a polymorph with bayerite, doyleite, and nordstrandite and comprises, along with boehmite and diaspore, the aluminum ore bauxite. Thanks to Larry & Amy Curtis' auction on eBay for the specimen!	Goethite A miniature radiating crystal cluster of goethite (alpha-ferric hydroxyoxide) from Lake George, Park County, Colorado. It's a trimorph with feroxyhyte and lepidocrocite. Thanks to Ken DeMary's auction on eBay for the specimen!	Groutite Groutite, even though it sounds like a trademarked sealant, is the manganese analog of diaspore and goethite, MnO(OH). It's also a trimorph with manganite and feitknechtite. This thumbnail of tiny black groutite crystals in a white, pink, and green matrix is from Talcville, St. Lawrence County, New York. Ex: Fred D'Esopo Collection. Thanks to Emilie & Ron Kendig's auction on eBay for the specimen!
Row 26
Hausmannite Hausmannite's a fairly rare (and hard) manganese oxide - this thumbnail (with white barite and pink andradite) is from the N'Chwaning Mine, Kuruman, South Africa. Thanks to Chris Korpi at Pangaea Minerals for the specimen!	Hausmannite Another hausmannite specimen from N'Chwaning - this one's a small cabinet piece. Thanks to Rocko's auction on eBay for the specimen and the image!	Hematite This is a miniature of massive specular hematite (specularite) that I found in a former driveway. The other half of it was made into jewelry. Hematite (iron oxide) is found everywhere.
Row 27
Hematite More hematite - this miniature's from Bouse, Yuma County, Arizona. Thanks to Dan Wienrich at Dan & Jill Weinrich for the specimen and the image!	Hematite A small cabinet hematite cluster from the Bacino mine, Rio Marina, Elba Island, Livorno Province, Tuscany, Italy. Thanks to Rossano Carlini at E-Mineralsfor the specimen!	Hematite on Garnet A thumbnail of microcrystalline specularite coating a garnet from the Maynard Bixby Claim, Thomas Mountains, Utah. Thanks to Walter Mroch's (The Gem and Mineral Exploration Company) auction for the specimen!
Row 28
Hematite A beautiful 5 cm hematite mirror from the Pedra Preto Pit, Brumado, Bahia, Brazil. Thanks to Chris Korpi at Pangaea Minerals for the specimen!	Hematite on Quartz Clusters of beautiful specular hematite on beta quartz (more precisely, alpha quartz after beta quartz) and beige barite rosettes (larger picture, lower right) comprise this small cabinet piece from the Florence Mine, Egremont, Cumbria, England. The "beta quartz" are in hexagonal dipyramids (larger picture, upper right) with no prism faces in between - very different from ordinary alpha quartz. Thanks to Chris Korpi at Pangaea Minerals for the specimen!	Hematite Denny Mountain, in the North Cascades (King County) of Washington State was the home of this glitter-producing large cabinet specularite. Thanks to Joseph George's (Cascade Scepters) auction on eBay for the specimen!
Row 29
Hematite This large (19 cm) specimen of hematite crystals in matrix is from a highly unusual locality - the Atlas Mountains of Morocco. Thanks to David Jessey's auction on eBay for the specimen!	Hematite A single large (almost 5cm across) of hematite from Itibiara (Itaibiara), Bahia, Brazil. Mined 25-30 years ago, most of the faces have a matte finish but some still have a mirror-like luster. Thanks to Margaret Lidstrom's auction on eBay for the specimen!	Hematite after Siderite Hematite after siderite on quartz miniature from Sentinel Rock, El Paso County, Colorado. Thanks to Adam Larson's (Adam's Minerals) auction on eBay for the specimen!
Row 30
Hematite This thumbnail of hematite crystals from the N'Chwanning Mine in the Kalahari Manganese Fields of South Africa was too shiny for me to photograph! Thanks to Craig Ackermann's (KalahariMinerals.com) auction on eBay for the specimen and the image!	Hematite A compact heavy hematite rose miniature from the mid-2001 find in Jiang Xi Province, China. Thanks to James Bowers' auction on eBay for the specimen!	Hematite Beautiful small cabinet iridescent hematite from Marino, Isle of Elba, Italy. Thanks to Carl Bentley's auction on eBay for the specimen!
Row 31
Hematite A gorgeous hoppered hematite crystal (thumbnail) from Oaxaca, Mexico. Ex: Gene Meieran Collection. Thanks to Rob Lavinsky at The Arkenstone for the specimen and the image!	Hematite An excellent thumbnail floater of botryoidal (almost oolitic in size) hematite from the gravel roadbeds at Prince Sultan Air Base, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia. It looks very similar to the hematite from Tleta, Iroud, Morocco. The larger picture shows the others - two globular, a hemispherical, and two cylindrical specimens. Thanks to Yoly for the specimens!	Hematite An excellent miniature of bubbly hematite from near Bouse, Arizona. Thanks to Walter Mroch's auction on eBay for the specimen and the image!
Row 32
Hematite, var. Martite A small miniature of beautiful hematite crystal pseudomorphs (martite) on magnetite from the 2002 find in the inactive fumaroles in Patagonia, Argentina. Thanks to SoCal Nevada's auction on eBay for the specimen!	Hematite, var. Martite A old miniature of martite and yellow apatite on magnetite from Twin Peak, Millard County, Utah.	Hematite, var. Rainbow These natural aluminum-phosphate-coated specular hematites from a vertical five-foot-wide vein running about thirty feet up a face in an iron mine at Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil became a jewelry fad a few years ago. The defocused image (larger image, right) shows the colors better. Thanks to Darlene's auction on eBay for the specimen!

Row 33
Hercynite A large cabinet specimen of tiny grains of black magnetic hercynite (iron aluminum spinel) with phlogopite in a friable carbonatite matrix from the Kimzey Calcite Quarry, Magnet Cove, Hot Spring County, Arkansas. It forms three complete series; with chromite, gahnite, and spinel. Hercynite's named for the Hercynian Forest in ancient Bohemia (now Germany) where it was first found. Thanks to Alexander Falster's auction on eBay for the specimen!	Hetaerolite A small cabinet specimen of hetaerolite (manganese zinc mixed oxide) from the Carnahan Mine (1890's to about 1920) in the San Pedro Mountains of Santa Fe County, New Mexico. It forms an incomplete series with hausmannite, where manganese(II) replaces the zinc. Thanks to William Schwiner's auction on eBay for the specimen!	Hollandite A nice miniature of hollandite (a manganese barium oxide) from Rattlesnake Canyon, Socorro County, New Mexico. Recent anayses show a little bit of iron, lead, aluminum, and sodium present. Hollandite's structure is under study as a manganese-oxide-based nanofiber for VOC removal in air and arsenic removal in drinking water. Thanks to Wright's Rock Shop's table at the 2004 Carnegie Gem & Mineral Show for the specimen!
Row 34
Hydrohetaerolite Hydrohetaerolite is a hydrated manganese zinc oxide "spinel wannabe" - this small cabinet piece comes from (probably) the co-type locality of the Passaic Pit, Sterling Hill, Sussex County, New Jersey. Thanks to Rick Dillinger's auction on eBay for the specimen!	Ilmenite A shimmery gray small cabinet specimen of massive ilmenite (iron titanium oxide), now the most important titanium ore. This old specimen's from Kragerø, Telemark, Norway. Ilmenite forms two series; one with geikielite where magnesium, and pyrophanite where manganese replaces the iron. Thanks to Willis Williams' auction on eBay for the specimen!	Ilmenite Sometimes ilmenite fills in the cracks in quartz as in this cabinet specimen from the Davis Farm in Bethel, Windsor County,Vermont. Thanks to Eric Greene's (Treasure Mountain Mining) auction on eBay for the specimen!
Row 35
Ilmenite A nice miniature of compacted ilmenite crystals with some pyrite from Tahawus, Essex County, New York. Thanks to Val Collins' auction on eBay for the specimen and the image!	ilmenorutile A small cabinet specimen of black ilmenorutile (a titanium niobium iron oxide) in matrix from the South Platte district, Jefferson County, Colorado. It forms a series with strüverite where tantalum replaces the niobium. Thanks to Alexander Falster's auction on eBay for the specimen!	Jacobsite A very rare thumbnail of sharp jacobsite octahedra on matrix from the N'Chwaning II Mine, Kalahari manganese fields, Northern Cape Province, South Africa. It's dimorphic with iwakiite and forms a series with magnetite. Thanks to Rob Lavinsky at The Arkenstone for the specimen and the image!
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Latrappite Another member of the Perovskite Group, latrappite is a niobium calcium (and a few other anions) oxide - this miniature of latrappite crystals in matrix is from Oka, Québec, Canada. Thanks to Alain Tiercelin's auction on eBay for the specimen and the image!	Lithiophorite A small cabinet specimen of black (slightly iridescent) lithiophorite (a manganese aluminum lithium hydroxyoxide) on dark-red chert from (probably) the Sausalito Road Quarry, Sausalito, Marin County, California. Thanks to Mike Keim at Marin Minerals for the specimen and the images!	Loparite A beautiful miniature interpenetration twin of loparite (a complex sodium cerium lanthanum calcium (meta)niobate-tantalate) on matrix from Khibiny, Kola Peninsula, Russia. In thin sections it's bright red (larger image, bottom right). Thanks to Dave Hayward at Lucky Strike Minerals for the specimen!
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Lueshite A sharp 5mm cube of lueshite (sodium metaniobate) from the type locality of Lueshe, Nord-Kivu, Republic of the Congo. The crystals rarely get better than this! It's a polymorph with isoueshite and natroniobite. Also, it's a member of the Perovskite Group. Thanks to Thomas Bee's auction on eBay for the specimen and the image!	Maghemite A large thumbnail of massive maghemite from Gara, Algeria, so named because it's a hematite dimorph with a magnetite structure; like magnetite, it's strongly magnetic. Synthetic maghemite is being studied as part of an electrically conductive and magnetizable film in nanocomposite structures. Thanks to Thomas Bee's auction on eBay for the specimen!	Magnesiochromite A small cabinet specimen of magnesiochromite (magnesium chromium oxide) with serpentine collected in the 1970s from the Wood's Chromite Mine, State Line Area, Pennsylvania. It forms two series, one with chromite and one with spinel. Thanks to Steve & Susan Bringe's (Summit Minerals) auction on eBay for the specimen and the image!
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Magnetite A museum size massive magnetite with pyrite and chalcopyrite from a banded iron formation in the Cambrian Deadwood Formation near Box Elder Creek, Nemo, Lawrence County, South Dakota. The closeup shows the pyrite veins. Thanks to Tom & Vicki Loomis at Dakota Matrix Minerals for the specimen!	Magnetite More magnetite - this small cabinet piece is crystalline magnetite on massive magnetite with a few small yellow sphalerites. It came from the ZCA Pierrepont Mine in Pierrepont, St. Lawrence County, New York. Thanks to Dave Hayward at Lucky Strike Minerals for the specimen and the image!	Magnetite This thumbnail of beautiful magnetite crystals is from the Blowout Pit, Iron Mountain, Iron County, Utah. Thanks to Bob Keller at the Arizona Mineral Company for the specimen and the images! Images copyrighted by the Arizona Mineral Company.
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Magnetite A miniature of sharp magnetite crystals in schist from Diamantina, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Thanks to Graeber & Himes' table at the 1999 Carnegie Gem & Mineral Show for the specimen!	Magnetite Millimeter-sized magnetite crystals adorn the twin dolomite spires on this small cabinet from Mexico. Thanks to Donna Lee Hanlon's (Donna's Treasures) auction on eBay for the specimen!	Magnetite A cabinet specimen of magnetite crystals in soapstone from the Old Talc Mine, North Windham, Vermont. Thanks to Scott Stepanski's auction on eBay for the specimen!
Row 40
Magnetite Nice octahedral magnetite crystals with adularia, actinolite and quartz miniature from the Gecko Prospect in Hidalgo County, New Mexico. Thanks to Tom Hales' (Museum Minerals) auction on eBay for the specimen!	Magnetite A beautiful magnetite twin thumbnail.	Magnetite Sharp shiny magnetite octahedra in a uralite matrix from the Calumet Iron Mine, Salida, Chaffee County, Colorado, one of the dassic localities for this combination. Uralite is a generic term for an amphibole pseudomorphed from a pyroxene, typically hornblende after augite - these are fairly long translucent green pinacoidally-terminated prisms, so the two minerals on this small miniature are probably different. Thanks to Ken DeMary's auction on eBay for the specimen!
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Magnetite Rarely, magnetite occurs in a cubic form - as in this micromount from the early 1990s find at the 2500' Level, ZCA's #4 Mine, Balmat, St. Lawrence County, New York. Thanks to Don Smoley's Minerals & Gems' table at the 2001 Carnegie Gem & Mineral Show for the specimen!	Magnetite A miniature of magnetite crystals on matrix from Mina Huaquio, Potosi, Bolivia - some of the crystals faces are very complex (larger image, right). Thanks to H M & D Minerals' table at the 2002 Carnegie Gem & Mineral Show for the specimen!	Magnetite From somewhere in Utah comes this miniature cluster of rough magnetite crystals. Thanks to Rohana Contessa's auction on eBay for the specimen!
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Magnetite A beautiful miniature of sharp magnetite crystals on massive magnetite from the Karzamkul deposit, Qostaney Oblysy, Kazakhstan. The crystals do have the brownish tint to them as shown in my photos. The larger iamge (bottom row) shows an unidentified (but likely a chlorite-group) green mineral. Thanks to Don Smoley's Minerals & Gems' table at the 2004 Carnegie Gem & Mineral Show for the specimen!	Magnetite A rare (rhombo)dodecahedral striated magnetite crystal thumbnail from Utah. Thanks to auction on eBay for the specimen and the images!	Magnetite, var. Titanomagnetite Titanomagnetite is the midmember of the magnetite-ulvöspinel series - this miniature of titanomagnetite in serpentine is from Dypingdal, Snarum, Modum, Buskerud, Norway. It's the most common magnetic mineral in seafloor basalts. Thanks to Thomas Bee's auction on eBay for the specimen and the image!
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Manganese Nodule There are a lot of these manganese (oxide) nodules (avg. metal composition 30%Mn 24%Fe 1%Ni 0.5%Cu 0.5%Co) on the ocean floor - this miniature came from a black smoker at 10° North latitude, depth 17,000 ft, North Pacific Ocean, collected by Glomar Explorer. Thanks to Jennings "Beau" Gordon's (Jendon Minerals) auction on eBay for the specimen!	Manganite An excellent miniature of crystalline manganite (manganese(III) hydroxyoxide) on massive manganite from the Caland Pit, Atikokan, Hutchinson Township, Ontario, Canada - when plentiful, it's an ore of manganese. It was collected in August 1985. Thanks to Brett Shafer at The Mineral Vug for the specimen! Thanks also to Bill Morgenstern for the collection date!	Manganite This beautiful large miniature of botryoidal manganite is from the N'Chwaning Mine, Kuruman, South Africa. Thanks to Craig Ackermann's (KalahariMinerals.com) auction on eBay for the specimen and the images!
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Manganite An excellent cabinet specimen of manganite and minor hematite on matrix from the Wessels Mine, Hotazel, Kalahari manganese fields, Northern Cape Province, South Africa. Thanks to Kathy Wittwer's auction on eBay for the specimen and the images!	Manganocolumbite A thumbnail of rare (for the locality) manganocolumbite (once a manganese metaniobate, but now a mixed oxide of manganese, iron, niobium, and tantalum) from the Dunton Quarry, Plumbago Mountain, Newry, Oxford County, Maine. It forms a complete series with