Pre-Civil War Sculpture
Pre-Civil War Sculpture

 
 
 

American sculpture in a formal sense began with William Rush, who evolved from
a leading carver of ship figureheads to creator of the first monumental American
sculptures, Comedy and Tragedy (1808, Edwin Forrest Home, Philadelphia).
Although Rush carved his neoclassical figures in wood, the preferred medium
until 1865 was white marble, also favored in the idealized Greek Revival architec
ture of the young republic.

Hiram Powers made his reputation with what became the most widely admired of
all American marble sculptures, his nude Greek Slave (1843, six replicas). This first
generation produced relatively severe, compact, idealized Greek sculptures in the cool
spirit of the Italian sculptor Antonio Canova and the Danish sculptor Bertel Thorvaldsen.
The more literal sensibility and baroque taste of the mid-19th century asserted itself in
detailed, sentimental, and dramatic sculptures, beginning with the innovative Cleopatra
(1858, three versions) by William W. Story.


 
                             Back to Sculpture  Back to 1776-1865