---------------------- Forwarded by Mike A Roberts/HOU/ECT on 08/09/2000 
03:18 PM ---------------------------


Nathan Mantua <mantua@atmos.washington.edu> on 08/09/2000 03:10:00 PM
To: undisclosed-recipients:;
cc:  (bcc: Mike A Roberts/HOU/ECT)
Subject: pdo index update



PDO index values are now updated through
July 2000. Note that the January and February 2000 values have changed
a bit from the last update, and this is due to changes in the
Reynolds Optimally Interpolated SST data from which this PDO
index is calculated.

My next update will be in November.

YEAR   JAN    FEB    MAR    APR    MAY    JUN    JUL
2000     -1.99   -0.82    0.29       0.35    -0.05    -0.43  -0.66

the full data series is available via the web at url:

ftp://ftp.atmos.washington.edu/mantua/pnw_impacts/INDICES/PDO.latest


best wishes,
Nate Mantua


PDO INDEX

Updated standardized values for the PDO index, derived as the
leading PC of monthly SST anomalies in the North Pacific Ocean,
poleward of 20N. The monthly mean global average SST anomalies
are removed to separate this pattern of variability from any
"global warming" signal that may be present in the data.


For more details, see:

 Zhang, Y., J.M. Wallace, D.S. Battisti, 1997:
     ENSO-like interdecadal variability: 1900-93. J. Climate, 10, 1004-1020.

 Mantua, N.J. and S.R. Hare, Y. Zhang, J.M. Wallace, and R.C. Francis,1997:
     A Pacific interdecadal climate oscillation with impacts on salmon
     production. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 78,
     pp. 1069-1079.
     (available via the internet at url:
         http://www.atmos.washington.edu/~mantua/abst.PDO.html)

Data sources for this index are:
 UKMO Historical SST data set for 1900-81;
 Reynold's Optimally Interpolated SST for January 1982-latest

missing value flag is -9999


YEAR     JAN    FEB    MAR    APR    MAY    JUN    JUL    AUG    SEP    
OCT    NOV    DEC

1900     0.04   1.32   0.49   0.35   0.77   0.65   0.95   0.14  -0.24   0.23  
-0.44   1.19
1901     0.79  -0.12   0.35   0.61  -0.42  -0.05  -0.60  -1.20  -0.33   0.16  
-0.60  -0.14
1902     0.82   1.58   0.48   1.37   1.09   0.52   1.58   1.57   0.44   0.70  
 0.16  -1.10
1903     0.86  -0.24  -0.22  -0.50   0.43   0.23   0.40   1.01  -0.24   
0.18   0.08  -0.03
1904     0.63  -0.91  -0.71  -0.07  -0.22  -1.53  -1.58  -0.64   0.06   
0.43   1.45   0.06
1905     0.73   0.91   1.31   1.59  -0.07   0.69   0.85   1.26  -0.03  
-0.15   1.11  -0.50
1906     0.92   1.18   0.83   0.74   0.44   1.24   0.09  -0.53  -0.31   
0.08   1.69  -0.54
1907    -0.30  -0.32  -0.19  -0.16   0.16   0.57   0.63  -0.96  -0.23   
0.84   0.66   0.72
1908     1.36   1.02   0.67   0.23   0.23   0.41   0.60  -1.04  -0.16  
-0.41   0.47   1.16
1909     0.23   1.01   0.54   0.24  -0.39  -0.64  -0.39  -0.68  -0.89  -0.02  
-0.40  -0.01
1910    -0.25  -0.70   0.18  -0.37  -0.06  -0.28   0.03  -0.06   0.40  
-0.66   0.02   0.84
1911    -1.11   0.00  -0.78  -0.73   0.17   0.02   0.48   0.43   0.29   0.20  
-0.86   0.01
1912    -1.72  -0.23  -0.04  -0.38  -0.02   0.77   1.07  -0.84   0.94   
0.56   0.74   0.98
1913    -0.03   0.34   0.06  -0.92   0.66   1.43   1.06   1.29   0.73   
0.62   0.75   0.90
1914     0.34  -0.29   0.08   1.20   0.11   0.11  -0.21   0.11  -0.34  
-0.11   0.03   0.89
1915    -0.41   0.14  -1.22   1.40   0.32   0.99   1.07   0.27  -0.05  -0.43  
-0.12   0.17
1916    -0.64  -0.19  -0.11   0.35   0.42  -0.82  -0.78  -0.73  -0.77  -0.22  
-0.68  -1.94
1917    -0.79  -0.84  -0.71  -0.34   0.82  -0.03   0.10  -0.22  -0.40  -1.75  
-0.34  -0.60
1918    -1.13  -0.66  -1.15  -0.32  -0.33   0.07   0.98  -0.31  -0.59   
0.61   0.34   0.86
1919    -1.07   1.31  -0.50   0.08   0.17  -0.71  -0.47   0.38   0.06  -0.42  
-0.80   0.76
1920    -1.18   0.06  -0.78  -1.29  -0.97  -1.30  -0.90  -2.21  -1.28  -1.06  
-0.26   0.29
1921    -0.66  -0.61  -0.01  -0.93  -0.42   0.40  -0.58  -0.69  -0.78  
-0.23   1.92   1.42
1922     1.05  -0.85   0.08   0.43  -0.19  -1.04  -0.82  -0.93  -0.81   0.84  
-0.60   0.48
1923     0.75  -0.04   0.49   0.99  -0.20   0.68   1.16   0.84  -0.24   
1.10   0.62  -0.36
1924     1.29   0.73   1.13  -0.02   0.36   0.75  -0.55  -0.67  -0.48  
-1.25   0.24   0.11
1925    -0.05  -0.14   0.20   0.86   0.79  -1.08  -0.06  -0.86   0.52   
0.04   0.88   1.19
1926     0.30   0.98  -0.50   2.10   1.43   2.03   1.05   1.64   1.18   
1.65   1.00   1.06
1927     1.07   1.73   0.15  -0.18   0.30   0.69  -0.31  -0.73  -0.41  -0.62  
-0.07   0.07
1928     0.96   0.79   0.52   0.81   0.66   0.15   0.30  -0.72  -1.41  
-1.31   0.14   0.98
1929     0.97   0.52   0.50   0.55   1.07   0.50  -0.06  -0.69   0.45  
-0.21   1.24  -0.03
1930     0.97  -1.06  -0.43  -0.70   0.06   0.58  -0.45  -0.53  -0.20  -0.38  
-0.31   1.20
1931     0.08   1.56   1.13   1.28   1.66   0.39   1.49   0.02  -0.01  
-0.17   0.34   1.09
1932    -0.26  -0.58   0.51   1.15   0.64   0.10  -0.12  -0.14  -0.40  -0.29  
-0.88   0.02
1933     0.29   0.02   0.15  -0.05  -0.50  -0.68  -1.81  -1.56  -2.28  
-1.19   0.55  -1.10
1934     0.17   0.68   1.34   1.63   1.23   0.51   0.44   1.54   1.25   
2.10   1.63   1.67
1935     1.01   0.79  -0.11   1.10   0.99   1.39   0.68   0.63   0.98   
0.21   0.13   1.78
1936     1.79   1.75   1.36   1.32   1.83   2.37   2.57   1.71   0.04   
2.10   2.65   1.28
1937     0.00  -0.49   0.38   0.20   0.53   1.75   0.11  -0.35   0.63   0.76  
-0.18   0.55
1938     0.50   0.02   0.24   0.27  -0.25  -0.20  -0.21  -0.45  -0.01   
0.07   0.48   1.40
1939     1.36   0.07  -0.39   0.45   0.98   1.04  -0.21  -0.74  -1.10  -1.31  
-0.88   1.51
1940     2.03   1.74   1.89   2.37   2.32   2.43   2.12   1.40   1.10   
1.19   0.68   1.96
1941     2.14   2.07   2.41   1.89   2.25   3.01   2.33   3.31   1.99   
1.22   0.40   0.91
1942     1.01   0.79   0.29   0.79   0.84   1.19   0.12   0.44   0.68   0.54  
-0.10  -1.00
1943    -0.18   0.02   0.26   1.08   0.43   0.68  -0.36  -0.90  -0.49  
-0.04   0.29   0.58
1944     0.18   0.17   0.08   0.72  -0.35  -0.98  -0.40  -0.51  -0.56  
-0.40   0.33   0.20
1945    -1.02   0.72  -0.42  -0.40  -0.07   0.56   1.02   0.18  -0.27   0.10  
-1.94  -0.74
1946    -0.91  -0.32  -0.41  -0.78   0.50  -0.86  -0.84  -0.36  -0.22  -0.36  
-1.48  -0.96
1947    -0.73  -0.29   1.17   0.70   0.37   1.36   0.16   0.30   0.58   0.85  
-0.14   1.67
1948    -0.11  -0.74  -0.03  -1.33  -0.23   0.08  -0.92  -1.56  -1.74  -1.32  
-0.89  -1.70
1949    -2.01  -3.60  -1.00  -0.53  -1.07  -0.70  -0.56  -1.30  -0.93  -1.41  
-0.83  -0.80
1950    -2.13  -2.91  -1.13  -1.20  -2.23  -1.77  -2.93  -0.70  -2.14  -1.36  
-2.46  -0.76
1951    -1.54  -1.06  -1.90  -0.36  -0.25  -1.09   0.70  -1.37  -0.08  -0.32  
-0.28  -1.68
1952    -2.01  -0.46  -0.63  -1.05  -1.00  -1.43  -1.25  -0.60  -0.89  -0.35  
-0.76   0.04
1953    -0.57  -0.07  -1.12   0.05   0.43   0.29   0.74   0.05  -0.63  -1.09  
-0.03   0.07
1954    -1.32  -1.61  -0.52  -1.33   0.01   0.97   0.43   0.08  -0.94   
0.52   0.72  -0.50
1955     0.20  -1.52  -1.26  -1.97  -1.21  -2.44  -2.35  -2.25  -1.95  -2.80  
-3.08  -2.75
1956    -2.48  -2.74  -2.56  -2.17  -1.41  -1.70  -1.03  -1.16  -0.71  -2.30  
-2.11  -1.28
1957    -1.82  -0.68   0.03  -0.58   0.57   1.76   0.72   0.51   1.59   1.50  
-0.32  -0.55
1958     0.25   0.62   0.25   1.06   1.28   1.33   0.89   1.06   0.29   0.01  
-0.18   0.86
1959     0.69  -0.43  -0.95  -0.02   0.23   0.44  -0.50  -0.62  -0.85   
0.52   1.11   0.06
1960     0.30   0.52  -0.21   0.09   0.91   0.64  -0.27  -0.38  -0.94   0.09  
-0.23   0.17
1961     1.18   0.43   0.09   0.34  -0.06  -0.61  -1.22  -1.13  -2.01  -2.28  
-1.85  -2.69
1962    -1.29  -1.15  -1.42  -0.80  -1.22  -1.62  -1.46  -0.48  -1.58  -1.55  
-0.37  -0.96
1963    -0.33  -0.16  -0.54  -0.41  -0.65  -0.88  -1.00  -1.03   0.45  -0.52  
-2.08  -1.08
1964     0.01  -0.21  -0.87  -1.03  -1.91  -0.32  -0.51  -1.03  -0.68  -0.37  
-0.80  -1.52
1965    -1.24  -1.16   0.04   0.62  -0.66  -0.80  -0.47   0.20   0.59  -0.36  
-0.59   0.06
1966    -0.82  -0.03  -1.29   0.06  -0.53   0.16   0.26  -0.35  -0.33  -1.17  
-1.15  -0.32
1967    -0.20  -0.18  -1.20  -0.89  -1.24  -1.16  -0.89  -1.24  -0.72  -0.64  
-0.05  -0.40
1968    -0.95  -0.40  -0.31  -1.03  -0.53  -0.35   0.53   0.19   0.06  -0.34  
-0.44  -1.27
1969    -1.26  -0.95  -0.50  -0.44  -0.20   0.89   0.10  -0.81  -0.66   
1.12   0.15   1.38
1970     0.61   0.43   1.33   0.43  -0.49   0.06  -0.68  -1.63  -1.67  -1.39  
-0.80  -0.97
1971    -1.90  -1.74  -1.68  -1.59  -1.55  -1.55  -2.20  -0.15   0.21  -0.22  
-1.25  -1.87
1972    -1.99  -1.83  -2.09  -1.65  -1.57  -1.87  -0.83   0.25   0.17   
0.11   0.57  -0.33
1973    -0.46  -0.61  -0.50  -0.69  -0.76  -0.97  -0.57  -1.14  -0.51  -0.87  
-1.81  -0.76
1974    -1.22  -1.65  -0.90  -0.52  -0.28  -0.31  -0.08   0.27   0.44  
-0.10   0.43  -0.12
1975    -0.84  -0.71  -0.51  -1.30  -1.02  -1.16  -0.40  -1.07  -1.23  -1.29  
-2.08  -1.61
1976    -1.14  -1.85  -0.96  -0.89  -0.68  -0.67   0.61   1.28   0.82   
1.11   1.25   1.22
1977     1.65   1.11   0.72   0.30   0.31   0.42   0.19   0.64  -0.55  -0.61  
-0.72  -0.69
1978     0.34   1.45   1.34   1.29   0.90   0.15  -1.24  -0.56  -0.44   0.10  
-0.07  -0.43
1979    -0.58  -1.33   0.30   0.89   1.09   0.17   0.84   0.52   1.00   
1.06   0.48  -0.42
1980    -0.11   1.32   1.09   1.49   1.20  -0.22   0.23   0.51   0.10   
1.35   0.37  -0.10
1981     0.59   1.46   0.99   1.45   1.75   1.69   0.84   0.18   0.42   
0.18   0.80   0.67
1982     0.34   0.20   0.19  -0.19  -0.58  -0.78   0.58   0.39   0.84   0.37  
-0.25   0.26
1983     0.56   1.14   2.11   1.87   1.80   2.36   3.51   1.85   0.91   
0.96   1.02   1.69
1984     1.50   1.21   1.77   1.52   1.30   0.18  -0.18  -0.03   0.67   
0.58   0.71   0.82
1985     1.27   0.94   0.57   0.19   0.00   0.18   1.07   0.81   0.44   0.29  
-0.75   0.38
1986     1.12   1.61   2.18   1.55   1.16   0.89   1.38   0.22   0.22   
1.00   1.77   1.77
1987     1.88   1.75   2.10   2.16   1.85   0.73   2.01   2.83   2.44   
1.36   1.47   1.27
1988     0.93   1.24   1.42   0.94   1.20   0.74   0.64   0.19  -0.37  -0.10  
-0.02  -0.43
1989    -0.95  -1.02  -0.83  -0.32   0.47   0.36   0.83   0.09   0.05  -0.12  
-0.50  -0.21
1990    -0.30  -0.65  -0.62   0.27   0.44   0.44   0.27   0.11   0.38  -0.69  
-1.69  -2.23
1991    -2.02  -1.19  -0.74  -1.01  -0.51  -1.47  -0.10   0.36   0.65   
0.49   0.42   0.09
1992     0.05   0.31   0.67   0.75   1.54   1.26   1.90   1.44   0.83   
0.93   0.93   0.53
1993     0.05   0.19   0.76   1.21   2.13   2.34   2.35   2.69   1.56   
1.41   1.24   1.07
1994     1.21   0.59   0.80   1.05   1.23   0.46   0.06  -0.79  -1.36  -1.32  
-1.96  -1.79
1995    -0.49   0.46   0.75   0.83   1.46   1.27   1.71   0.21   1.16   0.47  
-0.28   0.16
1996     0.59   0.75   1.01   1.46   2.18   1.10   0.77  -0.14   0.24  
-0.33   0.09  -0.03
1997     0.23   0.28   0.65   1.05   1.83   2.76   2.35   2.79   2.19   
1.61   1.12   0.67
1998     0.83   1.56   2.01   1.27   0.70   0.40  -0.04  -0.22  -1.21  -1.39  
-0.52  -0.44
1999    -0.32  -0.66  -0.33  -0.41  -0.68  -1.30  -0.66  -0.96  -1.53  -2.23  
-2.05  -1.63
2000*   -1.99  -0.82   0.29   0.35  -0.05  -0.43  -0.66   -999   -999   
-999   -999   -999

* note that monthly values in the last year of the data
set are subject to minor changes due to updated values
in the Reynold's Optimally Interpolated SST data used
in creating this index.

URL: ftp://ftp.atmos.washington.edu/mantua/pnw_impacts/INDICES/PDO.latest


If you have any questions about this time series, contact
Nathan Mantua at: mantua@atmos.washington.edu

 - pdo_latest.gif