13:28:16 and get this one run there. we go and then i'll share screen with audio.
13:28:35 So we all set. Yeah, I think so. Can everybody online here?
13:28:41 Okay, So we have No. but 20 people in the room.
13:28:50 8 online, counting you and me, but pretty much everybody. And so I get my timing right
13:29:04 This class ends. what time? 2, 45 that what?
13:29:08 245. You said, Yeah. good pretty far easter how i'm sorry i'm in the East Coast.
13:29:14 I got to do my math here, so that's it's 45 min from now.
13:29:20 No it's 1 30 so it's about an hour and 15 min.
13:29:29 All right, thank you. All right. Got it ready to go?
13:29:38 Sure go up really quickly. i'm delighted to have a great grander item.
13:29:44 There's our second guest speaker for the year reg has been extremely influential and creating and disseminating, and all of the policy and politics around getting technology to be more accessible for a wide variety of people is a
13:30:04 Trade Center is one of the key places this kind of research has done. and i'm delighted that he's going to talk to us about this really important aspect of in arching techniques Okay, This is my fiftieth
13:30:20 year in in technology and disability. I began in 1971 as an undergraduate student who was tricked into going out to a school to see a young lad who had cerebral palsy and could not speak
13:30:35 or light, or meet, except on a piece of wood that somebody had.
13:30:41 Wood, burned the letters of the alphabet into
13:30:45 So I quit my job after meeting him, joined with the prisoner, Dave Blamers, who tricked me into going out there, and we formed an undergraduate this group of students a group of undergraduates trying
13:30:58 to find a solution for him, and that undergraduate volunteer sort of effort evolved into the trace center which then went on. 9 of the first 10 accessibility features in windows were licensed loyalty free from
13:31:16 the trade center, the first accessibility features in apple, the first first web guidelines, 95, etc., etc.
13:31:28 The big long list of things I mentioned this only because your students and sometimes as students.
13:31:36 You sort of feel like you're trying to catch up and that's true.
13:31:40 You are trying to catch up, but you also can can get out in front and lead.
13:31:45 There's nothing that you can't do and there's just looking out finding problems and solving them.
13:31:57 Amazing journey. that is extremely reliable boarding and I'm.
13:32:03 Sitting at the other end of what that's journey and I can and share with you the tremendous joy that comes from doing things that actually change the lives and have impact on other people.
13:32:17 What I'm going to talk about today. are 3 things I want to talk about.
13:32:22 First of all digital affinity, which is something that we've but come across in our work over the last 5 10 years.
13:32:31 And it's a really a serious problem and it's an under under understood problem.
13:32:37 I'll say more about that later, secondly i'm going to just talk about morphic, which is something that we've done to try to address this, and also to try to make accessibility more ubiquitous.
13:32:50 But then I want to end by talking about rethinking accessibility altogether.
13:32:57 And i'm also going to actually actually ask you to a join in the effort to try to rethink accessibility. And for the next and actually the next next generation of interface basis, things are going to change.
13:33:14 So enormously when I started out they hadn't sort of didn't have integrated circuits yet.
13:33:23 I mean they had a little bitty for bit. one that they using calculators, They actually created that microprocessors hadn't come along, know a lot of the hotel technology.
13:33:36 So i've seen a whole revelation but nothing like what you're going to see and not at the speed.
13:33:43 You're going to see it at we're just rapidly accelerating.
13:33:47 So want to be thinking about that, And the first 2 topics are going to give you a kind of a a grounding for the latter, because they really are going to look at it in a slightly different way.
13:34:00 I think, than you have been When you think about it. you think about blindness.
13:34:04 You think about physical, but there's a much more subtle one it's not even a cognitive dis per se.
13:34:16 But but I think it is a disability to I want to start with digital affinity.
13:34:22 So what is digital affinity? digital affinity is the ability to just deal with technology?
13:34:30 The It's not Iq, because I know people that are blazingly brighter than I am, who use other technology.
13:34:37 And you will meet the top of their field you talk to them and you just go for a while. but then they'll turn around, and they'll ask you how to do something and you go what you know how could this person not know how to
13:34:50 do that because they can't use their technology but I can't
13:34:56 And so I look at them and and that caused me to stop and and think about this.
13:35:02 Now this isn't digital literacy like people say Oh, that's just digital liberty, and it's not going to be a problem because the kids coming up now are all digital natives.
13:35:13 It reminds me of my mom, who, when i'm here talking about technology and and all this.
13:35:21 And she just said, You guys think that this is a new problem.
13:35:23 This is exactly the same problem. we have with our parents they couldn't understand our technologies, and i'm going well what?
13:35:32 And and said, Well, there weren't any cars so it wasn't me like just on any radio.
13:35:37 I mean all of these things that came along as they grew up and change their world in ways that it's hard for us to imagine.
13:35:47 It's like today I about saying you know how would you answer this question.
13:35:52 Oh, by the way, you can't use any search engine they just start at you like, and you can't use the web and they go.
13:36:04 How can you get information if you can use you know it just stops them cold because it's hard to imagine not being able to use these tools now, or how anybody ever could have gotten along the past with that's gonna happen again, And
13:36:23 and only that things are gonna be own faster the digital affinity, something that we're finding is not as pervasive.
13:36:33 It's it's kind of we like digital literacy or which is a skill.
13:36:40 But digital affinity is a talent. So you can develop digital literacy.
13:36:46 You can learn more about things, teach technology, but the ability for someone to be able to absorb it.
13:36:55 How quickly they will learn it, or what they can absorb it at all, because a function of their talent and it's just like singing or athletics or artists.
13:37:05 There are some people that they can sing they just they're natural that you show music.
13:37:10 They hear a song they can sing, it. other people can't sing on tune to save their souls, and if you tone death. it doesn't matter how long you practice you will never sing my wife the other day turning me in and stared at me in
13:37:25 shock, and said, you're singing on tune and on key, and and I sounded good to me.
13:37:38 But evidently I just can't sing after you know 70 some years of trying the athletics.
13:37:47 Artists I can't draw to save my soul other can't understand why you just can't pick up a pen and draw.
13:37:56 So some of us are natural in any of these areas. some are okay, and some just can't do it at all.
13:38:01 So Okay, you know that's that's life we all have our technologies.
13:38:06 The difference is that in no place else if I can't sing it doesn't affect my ability to get a job.
13:38:14 If I can't draw well, i'm obviously not going to get a job as an artist.
13:38:18 But I got lots of other things, but if you can't use technology.
13:38:24 It really affects almost any job. We have people that are flunking out of English in community colleges because they can't use the computers that you are supposed to use to learn English.
13:38:37 And these are digital natives, right can't use the technologies.
13:38:42 So what we need to realize is that for us techies all this is so simple.
13:38:48 It doesn't occur to us that. this is something that not everybody can it's going to be hard for others, but it's going to be out of reach for still others.
13:38:57 And so let's just talk about that last 5% let's say 95% of the people we're gonna see it anymore.
13:39:03 We're just gonna look at that last 5 min people have the most difficulty with technology.
13:39:11 5% is like one out of 20 people that's a lot of people.
13:39:15 So what do I mean? So we're sitting at a job center, and there's 24 identical computers in 24 identical computers all the way down to every little sign I mean literally if you sat at one you
13:39:30 can't and we're sitting there and somebody comes in and there's like 4 of them being used and a person stands behind you one of the people who 10 feet back very discreet Then wage 20 min and then
13:39:46 leaps, and then comes back a couple of hours later. and the computer's free, sits down to use it, so, and he said, Well, you know, why did you you know?
13:39:57 Wait to use this computer, and he said, Well, I know how to use this one.
13:40:02 Well, they're they're all identical and he says I don't know about that.
13:40:06 All I know is that yesterday I could use this one and they showed me how to do something, and so I know how to use this one.
13:40:14 We couldn't convince him that they were all identical and that you could sit down to any one of them, and they would.
13:40:24 Just all he knew is that this was, and we see that, by the way, not just there.
13:40:31 We see it in community. we see it in cities. if you look at at people when they're doing behaviors, and you'll see that they'll even, and you ask him why, and and sometimes they don't know other times they will just
13:40:44 say Well, because I I and makes no sense to us but we're at a library, and we asked the librarians.
13:40:56 You know what's the problems that you have most with people try to use computers, they said, Well, we have people come in, and they'll have a little USB. and on the USB.
13:41:04 They'll have and they'll plug it into the side of the computer and then go wandering around the library looking a librarian.
13:41:10 Find us, and they bring us down to whatever floor they're on come over to the computer.
13:41:14 We say? well, and she said, I have my resume on this flash drive here, but I don't know how to find it, and you know that seems kind of logical to us how to do it except think about it.
13:41:33 You have to, you know. click on the windows key then you got to type when explorer.
13:41:37 I mean that's that's obvious of course I wouldn't, you know we then what pops up is a whole bunch of things, and you look around and you're supposed to now click on my Pc.
13:41:48 And then you get a bunch of icons they're all the same, and one of them is the USB.
13:41:51 On the USB. is tom's trucking on it they look on here, and it doesn't say Tom's trucking on any of those things, and this is supposed to be easy now.
13:42:03 We figured out pretty quick. it's not the c drives not the d drive. it's got to be the other one knows about C and D.
13:42:08 Drives right? So what we've actually gone and you'll see later is is ways of trying to make it easy for to find things.
13:42:19 But that's their whole problem is they can't use the computer simply because they can't do something Why do we make it so hard?
13:42:26 Because it's not hard we all know it's easy for us
13:42:33 We had a community college where they were teaching, and they were using the computer and and the teacher to be gone back and forth between one computer and the next, try to show people what to do.
13:42:44 And by the third class she just gave up, and she handed out the assignments on paper, gave it ready a yellow marker and a red pen, and had them, you know, highlight, and and mark up the by hand.
13:42:57 Then go over to the scanner and scan them because they had to be turned in electronically because she just couldn't get any of her lessons done.
13:43:04 She just kept going back and forth, 3 classes showing the deep, same people, the same things, and over again over how to the right programs.
13:43:15 And and word, there's 11 menus of about 200 different icons to find the right icons to be able to do it, and another one we found is is
13:43:30 You know. we think about all these accessibility features. and all these features, and they're all in the control panels.
13:43:35 And what we don't realize is going into the control panels for people is kind of like a asking you to go in under the hood of your car and tune it up.
13:43:48 It's like, well, it's not doing it go on to the hill, and i'll tell you where to go and just go in there and start twiddling, and it is like yeah i'm not gonna go under there what if I break
13:43:57 it first at the job center. we European Well, for example, we had one person.
13:44:05 Where they were sitting there, leaning over and squinting at the screen.
13:44:10 And so we had these little cards sitting right next to the computer.
13:44:13 It said, You know a large screen, high contrast, etc.
13:44:17 And a little sign that shows you just touch the card to the side of the computer and Little Arrow, pointing right where you And so we went over and and said, Well, you you, I seem to be squinting, you know see this current says
13:44:31 large print. See if you just touch it like it shows you on the side, and everything got bigger on screen, and she goes.
13:44:37 Oh, that's amazing, thank you and then at the end of the day she did found us went and found us and said Thank you so much.
13:44:44 It was so much easier and faster for me to use today.
13:44:47 It was just amazing. 3 days later, we come up and She's squeezing at the screen again, and we said, Well, you know why didn't you just pick up the card and touch it.
13:44:56 She goes off. I was afraid of my breaking you know I didn't know, and we said, well, you know it says right here to do it.
13:45:05 She got. Yeah, I just I didn't want to break the computer.
13:45:11 You go to the Community college, and we hear the same thing spontaneously. You know.
13:45:15 What is it when you sit down on a computer one of these things? you well, you know, I'm just worried about that.
13:45:22 I sit down like if I do something am I gonna and Then we heard it at the Research University, Maryland, recently with the students there just spontaneously one I'm saying whatever I sit down on a computer.
13:45:38 The first thing I say is, am I going to break this again?
13:45:42 These are digital natives, people who the technologies. We just need to recognize that not everybody is like Adam. It's not everybody.
13:45:51 I think, obviously do find it in the universities. We even talk to the support people that are supporting people using computers at the library and stuff and ask them how many any of you These features in the computer paddle and a few hands went up
13:46:09 and people have actually gone in and made. Yeah, this is not so.
13:46:18 The question out, and only about a third of the people raised their hands as ever, having gone into the control, and then later in asking why they're afraid to. okay.
13:46:28 So we put the controls that they're supposed to use to make the computer easier to use in a place that is so scary that the won't go there to use them.
13:46:39 Why? Just because this is this is like going under the so we need to be thinking about how we design things, and the fact that things just are not the same or easy, or even when they go in And look at the control obvious to us, okay So
13:46:59 what's morphic morphic is an open source tool for the windows And, Mac, it's it's free and and being installed on you know the cities we should install at cmu all of your shared
13:47:10 computers. It makes it easier to find key features, and it makes it easier and faster to use them.
13:47:16 So let me give you a name, so here's morphic there's a little guy on the and you can. So this is the basic barbaric ball, and you can you know move to wherever you want or you can move it over
13:47:37 to another screen, and this works on the Mac. It also works on the P.
13:47:43 And the Pc. Let me bring it up on the Pc.
13:47:46 Here, and the A. and what it does is it allows you to.
13:47:55 It brings a lot of the features that are built into the computer forward.
13:48:00 It makes them easier for you to find, and and to use
13:48:04 So, for example, a text size. if the things on the screen are too small.
13:48:10 Now you all know that you can make the text in a browser larger, but that only makes it larger for the contents.
13:48:18 It doesn't make them menus larger. it doesn't make a other text on the screen larger, but with text size you can just click, and it will make everything on the screen.
13:48:31 So if I come over here and we can use windows to.
13:48:42 By the way, I see some some chat things if there are questions feel free to ask them.
13:48:50 We're going along. Okay, They just give it a second before the presentation.
13:49:12 I had it set up. It looks like what did is it decided to update restart while we were preparing
13:49:20 So here's morphic and so you see a little bitty icot that'll appear on the desktop here, and that will cause it to or hide. So let's say we just start up browser
13:49:51 here. And So if you have the text, and it's too small this will make it larger as a matter of fact, you can actually drag this to any screen on your computer and it'll make that screen larger, or smaller, So it's an
13:50:13 in way to to make everything larger, or smaller if there's something in particular on the screen that you need to be able to have access to, and it's too small for you to sit have a magnifier that you just click and that will turn on
13:50:27 the magnifier at any part of the screen that you like really slow for some likely you've broken the text size.
13:50:57 No it doesn't you can't you can't break it. It's really to break I think it's just a phase the again Snip is a feature that's built into every copy of windows
13:51:15 this thing is still booting. So the first all right.
13:51:43 The you can also use it to to read any text so let's say you have somebody who has a reading disability.
13:51:56 Let's just go to media so you can just highlight any text.
13:52:11 And now in windows you'll find there's a read loud feature in word and in excel i'm sorry, and we're in edge and also yeah onenote all through microsoft but they all operate
13:52:30 differently if you operate other other other programs you're not going to be able to have it is you as well.
13:52:37 So we use the features in windows and also in the mac.
13:52:40 These are capabilities built right in and you just highlight text, and then you just click, select the breed, and then it'll read, text you, so you can select any text to be read red and then when you click on the
13:52:55 selected text, it will bring it up. There is something very strange about board, you know.
13:53:22 This is what you look at the squeezing and out and off.
13:53:27 So this is very strange. I nothing's working on the computer. A banana is in elongated edible fruit botanically to berry 1, 2, produced by several kinds of large herbaceous flowering plants in the
13:54:12 genus moose of 3. In some countries bananas used for cooking may be called planted.
13:54:18 A banana is an elongated the Again we talked before you can click on Snip, and it gives you the snip tool.
13:54:24 Looks like it was just really slow, do they, and be able to copy magnifier?
13:54:31 You can see. Now, yeah, just for somebody's that was really slowboarding.
13:54:37 You can magnify any part of the thing you want to do.
13:54:41 You also have the ability to for text size, as we saw, to change the scale of the whole screen.
13:54:50 Contrast for people who have color blindness. One of the things you may have in in a glasses is color-coded charge of diagrams and depending on the colors.
13:54:58 You choose. It can be that some people who have color blindness, and this is like, you know, one in
13:55:08 They would not be able to tell the difference between, but they can shift the colors.
13:55:17 You can see the color is shifting there. If I write like I can go to settings.
13:55:20 And again it takes you into the control panel, but it takes you directly into where you need to do.
13:55:25 You can type of color blindness that you have From then on, whenever you use this, it will use that particular.
13:55:35 Color shift to make those things also direct mode, night mode.
13:55:42 There are a number of other settings that we also provide.
13:55:46 Mouse settings, pointer, size, keyboard settings, language, all the accessibility, options, etc.
13:55:51 Now these are ones you don't change every day so they're in a menu.
13:55:54 But again, if you wanted to change the pointer sides, you can click, and it drops you directly into where you
13:56:08 You also have the ability to change a number of other kinds of things. There's other resources that we link to now all of these capabilities available to the computer.
13:56:23 We also, for universities provide an extra 3 buttons that people can add to the basic bar.
13:56:30 So the unit of Maryland. they've asked to have on their bar.
13:56:35 The is the following: i'm just swapping the config file on the computer.
13:56:40 So they wanted to have Google drive elms, which is their canvas and gmail.
13:56:46 But the University of Michigan little different. what they wanted to have on theirs, their printing service, their canvas, and email for the job center that was interesting.
13:57:06 What they asked for was a different set of ball, and to address some of the problems that we talked about earlier.
13:57:14 So one of them is the USB. button so this allows you to plug in a USB. and then you just click and any USB that are plugged in it'll open it up right to that particular thing plug it in click on
13:57:27 this in their resume double click their resume. They also wanted to have translate tools.
13:57:35 So this takes you to a page that gives you all the different transitions for translating documents or web page, even an app.
13:57:45 You can download and say street signs for you.
13:57:49 Because they had a lot of people, were having trouble, not having materials in the world.
13:57:56 We also added this, which is adds 2 menus to usually you use one or the other.
13:58:02 I'm gonna launch them both just so it's easier to demonstrate them.
13:58:09 And now word has 11 menus, and about 200 different little icons and stuff on.
13:58:18 So it's very confusing for some people so one of them is a very basics very basic man.
13:58:24 It just gives you very small the basic things that large icons use.
13:58:32 The other one is essentials, and this one was useful for the of the classes that we were talking about, where they had to keep going back and forth between the tracking page and the insert page and the highlighting page If you
13:58:47 find yourself going back from home to tracking, to view, to lay out the insert to home.
13:58:52 This one gives you most everything you need on one menu.
13:58:55 So you have your saves, have your formatting. the different formattings, inserts, tables, pictures, you know.
13:59:11 Insert, and then the ability to track these are can be turned.
13:59:23 Down. So this is the basic morphic bar, and the whole purpose of it is to bring things forward that people need to expose them, and also to make it very easy for them to get into particular control all panels.
13:59:40 Where it drops them right on the control panel they don't have to mess around.
13:59:44 They don't even know it's really necessarily a control panel to change pointer size, and it gives them something to change the pointer size.
13:59:55 They can also log in, and if they sign in to morphic, they can then ask morphic to save all of their settings.
14:00:05 So if I click on here I can cyanamorphic.
14:00:11 And then what I can do is I can save all of my settings, and when I save my settings it will save not only the settings of the computer, but all of the settings of the assistive technologies as well, so
14:00:25 the individuals are able to go in, be able to set up their computer at home.
14:00:32 For example, save their settings, and when they go into the classroom, able to change the login and it'll automatically set that computer up and set up any of those at to be exactly like theirs, and then when they sign out it all goes
14:00:50 away. Now we are also introducing something this summer it's.
14:00:57 It's separate from morphic. but morphic works with it called aton demand.
14:01:03 And what this allows you to do is to have as an assistive technology show up on any computer that you sit down to.
14:01:11 So how it works with morphic is the following if you sit down to a computer like, say, at a library classroom, or in the lab, and you sign into morphic, and it wants to set up your at and your at isn't
14:01:27 there it would go and fetch a copy of the 18 from a secure place. If, say, if it was at Cmu, it would be from a server at Cmu, where the packages are all pre-scanned by
14:01:42 the your it, staff, etc. So because they're not going to want anything installed on their computers that they don't and scan, but it pulls a copy installs it on that machine and then sets it up, and then
14:01:56 when the end of it is done they sign out in a disappointment.
14:02:01 So for the first time, somebody who needs to use assistive technologies sit down to any computer at the library, and not just the ones up in the room source room that may or may not have their at on it.
14:02:15 It's not where they are friends are it's not where they and the stacks to can do on the it's not down in the training room where they want to be taking, but instead of being relegated to just the one
14:02:30 or 2 machines in a resource room they would be able to sit down to any other library and he any of the shared morphic on at the tutors, and have it show up there or at the grandma's
14:02:48 house. And this is particularly great for people with low resources not to know that you heavily resource your people activity at all, and they have to move around and use other computer locations If they're at users today.
14:03:14 They're out of wall so let's flip back here from a second
14:03:30 So as we look at this, for example, this is Susan, and her abilities change during the day.
14:03:35 So one of the things that morphic does is you not only can save a setup, but you can save many setups.
14:03:40 So you can have one setup that sets all your computer up for you.
14:03:44 When you're fresh in the morning But you could have a different setup at the end of the day, when you're tired and you just have to have the computer set up a different way.
14:03:55 This is Iris now, not her real name. Of course none of these are. but she came in to our lab, and we were going to do an experiment.
14:04:09 One of the first things you do is, you say, have you used technology before?
14:04:12 Oh, yes, I have you used a computer. Yes, Oh, yes, i've used a computer.
14:04:16 Well, that's good. What did you use it for and she said, Well, I used to use it for email and picture sharing and and I would zoom, and I even had a Facebook group with my friends and I'm going
14:04:28 Wow! but you said you're used to you and she said, yeah, one day, I heard the kids in the other room.
14:04:37 Say, the computer's all messed up for grandma again, and she said, Yeah, somebody has to set it up for me, and I don't have any ability to do it or or I don't know how to undo it when
14:04:46 i'm done so I figured you know i've had my time.
14:04:49 This is their time. So I quit using the computers, and I like to want to die.
14:04:55 This was about 10 years ago. There was nothing we had at that time to do about it.
14:05:02 So I was just, you know, horrible is like, and I buy you your own computer.
14:05:08 So with morphic. Of course she would be able to sit down.
14:05:12 It would set it all up for her. She got up. It would all go.
14:05:15 You can have shared computers in the house, and not have people interfering with others.
14:05:21 Now, since i've been talking about this i've had 3 other people come up to me and say that they know of couples where one of the people in the cup, one of the people and the pair no longer use the computer because
14:05:35 the other one gets really upset every time they mess the computer up so that they can, and that and sounds like a great pair.
14:05:47 But to me. but it's very sad to hear that that kind of thing can happened That happens much more for this is Eric Everything on the computer is distracting him.
14:06:02 Email social calls text. And so one of the features we're working on is a focus.
14:06:11 Turn it on, and it will shut. You know everything off now.
14:06:15 Some of these features have been picked up We now have a focus in in windows, and there's a similar kinds of capabilities.
14:06:27 It tends to only work for some things and only for the things from that company. it doesn't across apps It does different.
14:06:36 Programs. And so this is something to try. And again we talked with that at anywhere.
14:06:48 The ability ability to have the at follow you has a whole bunch of really great components aspects to it.
14:06:56 And this is something we need to really keep in mind that when we're thinking about accessibility.
14:06:59 We think about making a computer that the person has accessible.
14:07:05 But more and more people are having to use whatever computers they run into.
14:07:14 And morphic does this for the computers but as much as we talk about this for the computers here remember that in the future we're going to see more and more technologies where it's everything from thermostats the number of people I know that go to
14:07:26 a hotel and can't figure out how to use a new computerized thermostats, faces that more and more were running into to on everything.
14:07:37 Somebody added, face on the toothbrush. the we need to be thinking about.
14:07:43 If this this is an important interface, if this is what you need to use this thing, how are the people?
14:07:50 Have disabilities, the ability to have at following them around.
14:07:58 Yes, Finally, I can use a computer at the library. I can use any of the computers, including we have people who don't have their own computer.
14:08:07 They just use law owners. It gives them owners but they have to turn them in every now and then in in a new one, and then they have to set it back up again.
14:08:17 They don't want to disclose that they have a disability, but they do have to install things etc.
14:08:22 So the ability to have each loner that they get instantly become their computers.
14:08:28 Important taking tests. We have high stakes, tests where people go in and their future, whether they get a license, whether they get advanced placement, whether they get the university, they want to all based on the output of a test and you go to
14:08:45 take the test and it's let's say you wear glasses, and they say you can't wear your glasses in the test.
14:08:49 You might have written something on the and you say well I can't take it when I say well, here I have some other glasses here.
14:08:57 You can use them, and you say yeah but they're not set up for me.
14:09:00 They're not my prescription you say well you know that's too bad.
14:09:03 And that's what happens with people who need to have at, and they go tests, and sometimes the at are sometimes they use isn't.
14:09:13 There it's never set up to operate the way they're to using it.
14:09:17 If you use a Mac. And I said, Okay, take the test on windows, or if you use windows.
14:09:22 And I said, Take the test on Mac it's like why do you have to have that extra content?
14:09:28 So the ability to sit down to the test computer and have it set up just like is important.
14:09:36 Now it also lets you set up computer. So, for example, we had our funding agency called, and and somebody from an agency, and they said that one of their colleagues was blind to into work one day and their computer was
14:09:52 was dead, and so they type. Nothing happened. They leaned over person next to him and said, My computer isn't talking to me, and they said typed on the keyboard.
14:10:04 They tried it turned off to they said, your computer's dead so the person went home.
14:10:09 He said. they'd have a fixed by tomorrow, They come back the next morning he sits down.
14:10:14 His computer is still dead, talks to the person next to him.
14:10:17 He says, no, it's working fine he says yeah where's my screen, reader, So they called up and the way they fixed computers.
14:10:24 Is, they just swap it for another one. So here they game a brand new computer.
14:10:28 And he said, Well, where's my software and they said all the software you're authorized to have his honor, he said, No, my assistant technology.
14:10:39 It's the what I use i'm blind that's what I used to access my computer.
14:10:44 Can I get the programs off my old computer? Oh, no policy.
14:10:46 Is that we erase the drive as soon as we remove it from the workstation for security reasons.
14:10:53 So everything he done all this set up. You spent a year configuring that.
14:10:56 Then getting it also, and again with more or things yeah didn't been able to.
14:11:01 So internships a number of people who talk about going to an internship, and it's a week 2 weeks a month before they get a computer.
14:11:14 They can use can use their own, and have to use one of the company computers company computers.
14:11:19 Aren't set up. They don't have a license to use the right software.
14:11:23 They don't have a purchasing agreement with the company to get the software instant setup.
14:11:30 So this idea of having things instantly set up turns out to be really important.
14:11:36 If you need to have special software these things. Now, we talked about digital affinity.
14:11:43 So I want to come back to that. because one of the other things morphic does.
14:11:46 Is it allows you to create ultra simple computers so let's just take a look here, and instead of using the normal morphic bar when we to show a custom.
14:11:58 Bar. So this is of our that one could have created.
14:12:01 For somebody who is older and We have several different families now.
14:12:09 I know of we one of them. Their grandfather was a physics professor.
14:12:13 One of them, the grandmother was a computer science professor and one of them actually wrote compilers, and yet all 3 of them can't get on zoom now, and the story is amazingly the same in all 3 cases.
14:12:32 They have to. They were having weekly calls with the family, and they would have to call up the 20 min before the phone call and slowly walk the person through the process of getting them onto Zoom.
14:12:51 3 months later they still had to call. it, still took the same 20 min to get them back on.
14:12:58 In other words. once you taught them how to do it it's not like they remember it the next week the next week they would have to be.
14:13:06 And so these people were completely unable to use it. computer to come.
14:13:12 Kinds of things. So this is one of the bar that might be used for someone like that where it's basically just a video.
14:13:21 If they click on this they get the family photos. Okay, Now, this is Google photo.
14:13:28 Everybody else logs into Google, they can that the photos in they could put new photos of the family up there.
14:13:34 They can do whatever they want, but for them they don't have to do anything.
14:13:38 They just click, and they see followers, and they see the weather.
14:13:42 They click, they like woodcraft, and they see woodcraft.
14:13:45 They click on things they like, and they go for the fact.
14:13:48 Zoom call they click one click and it doesn't just launch zoom.
14:13:54 It literally drops them right into the zoom call bang and so they're in.
14:14:02 You can also have it so that the Skype same thing when you it doesn't launch Skype, and then give you a thing where you have to find the name on which Icon to make the code you click, and you decide whether or not
14:14:20 you want to pick your camera on or not, and then you click, start, and your worship service streaming click and your gmail.
14:14:31 And again, you can have text size we select it and all the other kinds of things, and if you want to have lots of names all fit on one bar, you can't make it so that there's ones here, or if they can't, handle that you
14:14:43 just of the icons, and then you can. So this is what it might look like for a years older.
14:14:54 Now for someone at at the University. It might look a little different so i'll just you can click here. I can just click on the icon here and switched morphic. so let's switch one. to what it.
14:15:06 Might look like for a student. So here you've got Gmail Calendar G.
14:15:09 Drive canvas Now some students again it's not hard for us but for others they actually can't figure out canvas.
14:15:18 They can't their courses in canvas we had a lot of virtual where people were taking classes when they had to have zoom wouldn't find the button for the right class to get to the right room class and
14:15:33 they got 4 of them today, you can actually make a button button.
14:15:38 You just click on it and use land in the class. We actually had Some students ask if we could give this to their professor, because the professor was always late, because he could never figure out how to class room class at the right disability services if they have
14:15:56 a job coach focus, And again you can have different bars for different days or for different.
14:16:17 But switch bars to a company so here's one for someone who's working at a company.
14:16:22 And they can do their job, but they struggle with the computer.
14:16:26 So many windows are supposed to do. this in in this app and then they're supposed to switch over to the browser and find this page in the browser.
14:16:34 And then there's all these different browser windows all and then there's a knowledge base they're supposed to consult. and then, if they have problems, there's this other the word document that had for handling
14:16:44 exceptions, and you can just create a bar, and whatever they click on, click on, they get email click on this.
14:16:51 It gives them their their incoming, their to-do list.
14:16:54 If you will, things they're working on the knowledge base to get to what the stop back to their incoming.
14:17:01 They have an exception. they click i'll the word document to that exception, so they can and use it again.
14:17:07 You can create A has just that that person needs for that function.
14:17:14 These are making them much more efficient, making it so that they are not confused or making it so, they can and succeed at their.
14:17:24 And again they can have different bars for different times, different types of and I.
14:17:30 So this is ways of creating sort of an a simple bars for people who just have a lot of so.
14:17:49 So how does this make it simpler? Well, first of all by creating a special morphic bar? You can give just the buttons clicking on them instantly gives them whatever the need to have it's just one click.
14:18:04 It's not a click of a click there's not a process very important.
14:18:08 Bar never changes. People were using windows we had somebody call us up the other day, and they said that they needed a new computer, And so because they couldn't use the one they were using anymore.
14:18:24 So they looked at it, and windows 10 on it and We're going?
14:18:27 What do you need a new computer and they said well I can't use this, and and so well, what kind of computer do you want?
14:18:38 And they walked over, and they picked up a 2 inch thick.
14:18:40 Laptop, put it down and opened it up and said, This is what I need, you know.
14:18:45 Give me a computer with this, and it was xp okay they knew how to use Xp, and that's what they wanted a computer that would do because that's how that's how they knew to use we have others who are doing fine they Finally, got
14:18:59 windows 10. they also set up on it, and then windows.
14:19:03 11 came out and get upgraded, and now they have everything changed in their lives.
14:19:11 They just and there's as we get older it's harder and harder for us to learn new things, but we and remember and do the things the old way just fine. But that's not the way the world works it keeps
14:19:27 changing. and so one of the things is, you can set up a bar, and it can change from windows to windows.
14:19:32 11 one to 13 that bar doesn't change and it's always the same.
14:19:38 And so they'd be able to and you can make it to the bottom never disappears.
14:19:46 Introduction. Now this isn't for everybody there is for some people, and it is available.
14:19:59 The other thing we found is for doing vocational evaluations.
14:20:04 Again. things we haven't thought of the vocational evaluators would say, Well, you know it's really frustrating I'm sitting here. and somebody comes in to get a job and I have to run them through these
14:20:15 vocational tests, and they're on my computer and they need at, in the eightys on their computer.
14:20:22 And there's not much I can do because they can't use my computer.
14:20:26 But and put this software on their computer and so it's just very frustrating.
14:20:32 You said, you know, with morphic make Michael look just like theirs, and then they'd be able to take the testimony of dominant code.
14:20:40 Go away, they said. The other thing is that sometimes I will figure out how to set up a computer.
14:20:46 So they can use it. But then they don't have any way of setting their computer up at home to be like the and I just did so again with morphic.
14:20:54 We could set it up, save it! There we go will be set up the way.
14:21:02 So what is morphic? Something that makes it easier to discover and use accessibility features to?
14:21:11 You can have always an everywhere accessibility, and with ate on demand.
14:21:16 You can actually have the assistant technology follow the settings.
14:21:22 I can let you instantly set up computers, and it provides the altar.
14:21:25 Simple access. Now one of the things that will ask is, how do you set up the bars to custom sign in?
14:21:41 And and then you have the ability to create bars for yourself.
14:21:45 5 of them or of people. so I have 5 here so i'll use great Emma at a new bar, and then so here's your empty bar, and here's all the things you can put on it and again, he's click, and
14:22:02 they just go on so you want and say that's using up too much spot.
14:22:09 You can thing you could just change it to say news look like I want it to be read.
14:22:19 It's gonna be red letter news and save and there you got a news button and then you can make up anyone want to.
14:22:24 So you want to do it, and for Cmu you cmu save!
14:22:35 And now clicking on this page, or again, Skype, etc.
14:22:46 Put the idea of the person. Bingo. Now you have a button.
14:23:03 They? you just click, save bar. it, pushes it out to the individual.
14:23:11 Okay, kind of a thing, and if they actually the first time you do this you'll find it actually, if I you know, Say, invite person.
14:23:24 So you actually invite the person they have to agree and sign up, and then then it goes through.
14:23:30 So nothing gets. so that gives you kind of an overview of morphic and trying to do morphic, by the way, is free.
14:23:50 It's sponsor supported so it's completely private So you can go to morphic org and you can get it.
14:23:56 The basic features are free for organizations, the enterprise features are all it's free to put on all the computers, etc.
14:24:05 The subscription is the plus subscription which let you customize is now also free, again supported by and no monetization of user data for us is even stored in all that secure.
14:24:21 And has made possible to grants and contributions from the.
14:24:29 So now the third party ATM demand that of course costs because at has classes.
14:24:35 So that's morphic. Now one of the things as we shift off of this, and i'm going to push all questions to the end, just to make sure we get through.
14:24:47 However, if you have some question that you think is pertinent, and to really understanding what's happening, feel free to bounce in and just ask it.
14:24:57 So a few things. Many people who quote can use computers are only able to use them partially or superstitiously.
14:25:08 Even a lot of our digital natives. I see people who are going 2,000 miles an hour with their sums on their phones, and they're using, you know, like lots of little apps.
14:25:17 But if you ask them to do anything other than just open an app and just do the basic things, the they don't know how to do it.
14:25:26 Set it up They don't know how to make it larger if they can't read it.
14:25:29 They don't know how to do that if you ask them it one program.
14:25:33 How would you take something from one program and move it to another they don't, how to do that?
14:25:38 And the other thing is that when they get faced with a computer they're completely lost.
14:25:44 A lot of the people grew up on mobile technologies.
14:25:46 Even in school they may be using ipads, and then they get to get for job training.
14:25:52 They have to learn windows or a Mac, and and they have no idea, because the operating systems are so completely different, and they just knew how to do things again sort of superstitiously.
14:26:03 How do you? Why do you do it? that way well that's just the way you do it?
14:26:09 The second thing we found was that a much larger portion of the population had low or very low, did deliver.
14:26:17 We were amazed at how many people really struggle with their computer.
14:26:22 We knew there were some people, but we were really surprised at how many people, and how many professionals, and how many people on the job are just sort of hanging on there, and little bitty things like an operating system update where
14:26:35 something isn't where it used to be just completely throws them. and there are many who are completely unable to use the interfaces on computers, and that it backs on effectiveness.
14:26:48 But even their ability to live independently it's it's really something that we need to it's we're always trying to think of.
14:26:58 The next greatest little thing you think about it, even the ipad.
14:27:02 It used to be simple, right. It had bunch of icons and had a button.
14:27:07 Whatever you wear, you could always push the button. Then you get you back to home screen.
14:27:12 And now, if you accidentally do the wrong gesture, you suddenly it splits the screen.
14:27:17 And this has happened. I don't know how many people happened to me all of a sudden.
14:27:21 I had 2 things on the screen, and I had no idea how to get rid of. You know.
14:27:25 How do I get back to where I was? How do I get rid of this other half of the screen?
14:27:28 Where did it come from? I must have just brushed the computer law. You try to talk to older people and they get lost in an app, and they want to get out, and you can't just push a button anymore.
14:27:38 You have to swipe up so they swipe up.
14:27:41 No, no, no can't swipe up there you guys swip, no, no, not there.
14:27:44 You guys way? No, no! down here at the very bottom edge.
14:27:46 You gotta you know it's like and they're trembling and they've got the tremor and they don't know what you're talking about, and it's just like and they hand you back to tablets and go
14:27:54 away. We keep adding more and more and more functionality in the front.
14:28:00 We're losing more and more people at the bottom end as we strive to make these the top end.
14:28:08 I my plea to you Why, don't we just have whole started effort to try to stop making it better for the people at the top end, and start trying to make it possible for the and the very low and at the very very bottom and again, the
14:28:24 group that's most truly served today by assistive technologies are with cognitive language and disabilities, those with low digit affinity.
14:28:33 And i'm actually going to talk about loading affinity itself as being a dissonant.
14:28:39 We think of blindness and cognitive love to think or process.
14:28:45 But if you just have a really low digital affinity, you could be really good in many other ways.
14:28:52 But a disability is anything that impairs your ability to do.
14:28:58 Life functions like learning reading, and you need to use a computer to do all those.
14:29:06 And so I posit that if you really can't use digital interfaces that it's not a disability disabling condition in the past, because you could live fine without them.
14:29:20 But not today, and colt had really highlighted it.
14:29:25 Even professors who and teach their classes because they had to do all of the special training and and handling.
14:29:32 They never thought they had to do, and they still have trouble.
14:29:36 Some in trying to figure out the technologies they need to i'm gonna switch hats now and talk about digital equality today and tomorrow.
14:29:49 So we've made a lot of progress on on accessibility from when I started there was none there weren't any many laws.
14:30:00 To today. but if you look out it's still fractional coverage.
14:30:07 We think about things like like the iphone, and the incredible number of features that has built into it.
14:30:14 And if you have a disability that matches one of those You're home free.
14:30:18 Well you would be if you could figure out where to find them in the control panel, and you knew how to use them, And you can get a The thing that Apple and Microsoft will tell you is that they have all these accessibility
14:30:28 features they do studies, and the number of people who could use them is monstrous number compared to the number that actually used them to know how to use them.
14:30:44 People who even aware of them, but ought to use them even though you show them to people they don't them because of too high to use it too complicated.
14:30:52 So this is a real problem. But if you look across technologies, look at all the technologies use every day at all the ones that are in the store.
14:31:03 How many of them have access to go on the web how many of the web pages are really, and it's a really small fraction.
14:31:10 And so this is a problem and you say well we're making progress.
14:31:15 So it doesn't do any good if you're in the 80% that group or 80% of the pages you go to
14:31:28 Also we have very poor coverage for some people cognitive language, and is one area where the accessibility guidelines.
14:31:36 It's not that they haven't worked on them They've spent more time working on cognitive than any other.
14:31:41 It's just really hard and there aren't like and fast rules like if you're blind, you you have to make it so that it can read aloud that's a nice hard and fast rule it's created text
14:31:53 equivalent information to do but it's easy to to talk about.
14:31:59 But for kind of you know what's good for one is not always good for another, and sometimes the isn't good for another.
14:32:06 Most of the things like make the make It So it's easy to read.
14:32:11 What what does that mean? and how do you measure that and so you can't just say, well, you must make it easy to read, because nobody knows what that means?
14:32:20 And if I said you had to do it in plain language in the third grade level, and I said, we're supposed to do my computer science book in a third grade level and i'm supposed to do our quantum physics book
14:32:31 using only third grade words you know you can't do that. So we have some areas that we have to coverage, and we have no path to trying to figure out how to try to solve.
14:32:44 And I think we're actually losing great as we are in doing more and more technologies.
14:32:49 We got we are. we got ar we've got these new gestures and stuff like this, and it's just losing more and more people people who are older people physically, disabilities able to do less than they could before
14:33:03 and another one, and as a digital affinity's impact is just not recognized.
14:33:09 And so we But the big thing i'm worried about is our current strategies.
14:33:17 We are not anywhere. We need to be and we don't have a path to get there with our current technologies and the strategies were using.
14:33:24 Now, Aren't going to work future generations of technology.
14:33:32 So we talk about accessibility of the next next generation. So we talk about 20 years out to
14:33:36 We're going to have some of us and it would be nice if least everybody had the opportunity.
14:33:45 But some of us will be using Vr and Ar display, both for real world augmentation and for abstract visualizations.
14:33:52 The ability to make what the world around us easier to understand will be available, some of us, but to others and
14:34:02 Fortunately, the people who have the hardest trouble understanding it may be the ones we have the least access to the things to make it easier.
14:34:09 But there's a whole world of abstract visualization.
14:34:13 We can actually create new realities. Some of us will be able to go to liquid hardware in your faces.
14:34:24 Now we don't. have that today we have liquid crystal displays and things, but the ability to have hardware that will reshape itself so that you can actually have hardware that changes its shape the same all the c
14:34:35 crystals can provide tactile tactile dynamic interfaces on could be a challenge. can also be natural conversation to interact with.
14:34:50 Ict we don't have that we have voice control but you know you try to talk to it like you to a human bizarre or no, or just I don't understand.
14:35:04 But it's common and it'll keep getting better and better. and you guys are sitting on the floor that So you you know today you need to learn how to talk to the ict.
14:35:16 Using its language that's hard for people to do in the future you say, well, it'll learn your language Yeah, only if you're pretty specific.
14:35:24 But you actually have people talking to you, asking you to do things.
14:35:29 You already know that context to understand what people know, We have natural and abstract gestures that are going to be coming up.
14:35:42 We will have direct brain interfaces, and they'll be used to perceive and present information visually auditorium.
14:35:51 They will allow us to will things without even thinking about movement.
14:35:57 Originally the brain controls where you'd you think of raising your arm, and it would raise them well, they later found that when they were working with monkeys that that after a while the monkeys didn't have to actually
14:36:08 the innervate, their arms at all they could learn to control, abstracted can literally add a or a capability.
14:36:20 When that happens, when you have the ability to just control things by just wanting them to happen, we don't even think about it.
14:36:27 We just do it to the point where it's like mortar memory just for some of us us don't know emotional states reading emotional states, inducing emotional states that one scares me a little bit the ability to watch
14:36:41 a horror movie, and then to feel the fear of the that could be thrilling.
14:36:47 But it could traumatic i'm not sure where we're gonna go.
14:36:53 But some of us are going to merge with external internal artificial intelligence.
14:36:58 It's going to augment extend and reinvent our abilities to protect.
14:37:01 See you understand? remember. find operating. we all say well i'm not going to do that, and I would never let that happen to my kids.
14:37:12 And and I will remind you that in the past that's what we used to say about our kids and calculators and our kids and computers and our kids and and every other piece of technology and that is it do you say Well, you know don't think you should
14:37:25 learn to rely on that or I don't want you to do that. So I don't want to have that done to your body with these kinds of things until your kids come home.
14:37:34 And say, I can't keep up in class all the other kids in the class have all nets and now you're saying everybody, and then pretty soon it's like this will be happening.
14:37:49 So will everybody have that capability? To what extent, Who will get these new cape?
14:37:57 Who can afford them, who can afford the adaptations need to access them.
14:38:04 Remember that you can get a computer for a couple 100 bucks.
14:38:08 But a screen reader can cost a 1,000, and it could.
14:38:10 Computer will last 5 years in the screen reader lasts a year, and then you've got to pay hundreds of dollars to get it upgraded.
14:38:16 So it will continue to work, because otherwise the updates to the operating system cause it to stop working. affording
14:38:27 A lot of these questions are outside of a computer science background.
14:38:30 But for Hci, who will be able to use the products, and who will be able to have adaptations?
14:38:38 And how would we adapt the and yeah, that patient? Those are things that we can.
14:38:49 So i'd like to talk a little bit about rethinking next generation.
14:38:56 Faces next and next next generation. So think 20 years out.
14:39:02 One of the things If you've looked at accessibility at all, you will find out is that the current guidelines won't cover.
14:39:12 Look at the guidelines. Think about what you guys are working on, and they just don't make any sense.
14:39:19 But the bigger problem is that there isn't any logical way to extend them Basics?
14:39:29 Yes, everything should be perceivable. everything should be operable, everything should be understandable.
14:39:35 That level of guideline. Yeah, how to do that?
14:39:41 What are the techniques and what Are the requirements that industry should do when they're doing Vr.
14:39:45 And er to make sure that there are other accessible not just with people.
14:39:49 Not just with the. But people are older people who have cognitive people who have low digital within.
14:39:57 You use these systems, and if they are challenging to you for even 5 s, then they're probably a complete barrier to somebody.
14:40:10 You have so much force power and you're so high in the digital affinity scale that if if the stuff even just stops you for a second, it's going to stop other people cold and you know that when you put technologies on you're looking for the
14:40:25 instruction, because they're not obvious and they don't not the same.
14:40:33 Now we have another problem, and that is that right now industry is spending what they think.
14:40:41 Is an inordinate amount of money trying to keep up and make things a accessible, and only a fraction of the stock is accessible to only part of the population, and not even the majority of people will disabilities.
14:40:54 So if that's the case, and everything is going to get harder and more complicated, where is this going to come?
14:41:02 A lot of the new technologies are being invented by small.
14:41:06 There's no 8. there's no accessibility team in small companies. The accessibility teams are in microsoft's and and the apples, and the you know the big places.
14:41:15 And they have some amazing teams. But a lot of the stuff that we're having to face is coming from other places.
14:41:21 So how are we going to be able to do so? We need to find something that is also going to be practical for industry.
14:41:27 So we a don't know how to do it we don't have a path to actually make all these things accessible.
14:41:35 See if we did. Then we're going to tell industry they have to do all of this, and then there's no a to fill the gap.
14:41:44 We got a real problem, So currently we create interfaces that are flexing them off to meet the majority of of people's needs.
14:41:58 But then we use a t to fill the gap so when we are even trying to make things accessible.
14:42:04 What we do is say, Well, we'll build some features in if you're not going to put a braille display in this.
14:42:11 Okay, so as much as this has and if you've not ever looked at the accessibility features.
14:42:14 Go into the accessibility features like look around and you'll see that there's 200 I mean there's there's a huge number of individual settings in there. there's this and more age time but it's
14:42:28 still fill that whole gap, and then we want to rely at the
14:42:38 The at are not there for many disabilities, so there is no a to do.
14:42:41 Fill the gap. Again, cognitive language is so the approach is failing.
14:42:46 Small percentage of websites and products meet them they adaptive at is mostly just windows, and some from Macos.
14:42:52 Mac Os builds a lot of theirs in but there's, not a lot of externality, and in all the cases it doesn't cover all the types degrees in combinations of disability.
14:43:02 Very limited for college, and it's only getting worse so is there Another way to look at this, So i'm going to talk about one approach, and it's just one that we've been exploring to just see if
14:43:20 There's if it might be a way we find holes and try to patch them as we go forward.
14:43:27 But what if we used machine vision and Ai to create something I call an info box?
14:43:39 Now this infobot would be able to perceive, understand, and operate any digital interface on any product that a median human user could.
14:43:49 So this not is not going to be as smart as humans, but it would be as smart at operating an interface as the median human can.
14:44:01 We get. we're not there yet. but I think we can get one to that point.
14:44:06 Then we have an individual user interface, generator and this is something that if you're blind, you would get so there's one nanophobot just one and it's in the cloud.
14:44:18 And it's it's there and everybody can use it's open source, and everybody's making it better and smarter.
14:44:23 But then you create individual user interface generators. and so let's say you have somebody who is blocked.
14:44:31 So you would go, and there's like 7 different versions of an individual user interface generator for for people who are blind.
14:44:38 And it would be, for you know, preference. Some people may be hierarchical.
14:44:43 Some people may be non hierarchical. Some people have high digital affinity.
14:44:47 Some people have no digital affinity and they're all blind so there's more than one.
14:44:52 But you find the one that best matches you, and then anytime you walk up to any digital interface, the info bot, you looks at it, figures it out, passes back a description of the functionality and information your individual user interface
14:45:11 generator generates an interface for you as a blind person.
14:45:16 Now you to operate that product so now that product doesn't have to be accessible.
14:45:23 It only has to be operable by the info box thermostat television.
14:45:33 But the interface that I, as a blind person, see, is one.
14:45:38 That is what the interface on that product will look like.
14:45:40 If everybody were like me, if everybody were blind ahead, my level of digital affinity and my physical ability, whatever else everybody was like me, this is the interface that would have been on when it was manufactured.
14:45:58 So another thing about the the interface generator is that it's always generating interfaces for me.
14:46:05 It knows it. So if I go from a thermostat at home to a thermostat at school to a thermostat hotel, would see something that was basically the same.
14:46:17 If they all do the same thing, instead of giving me 4 different designs for 4 different interfaces that I have to figure out it's the same functionality.
14:46:24 It would give me the same interface. so first of all It makes things a lot simpler and straightforward. also, as those things change like you got one.
14:46:33 Those 10 when there's 11 they change the thing and they change the interface. They move things around on the Iig that asked me if I were wanted to move it around. but otherwise things would stay. saver. So what are some of the advantages.
14:46:52 So here you have it where you've got all the different devices. You've got one intro buy it that's open source free, and and everybody supports it.
14:46:59 Researchers industry government. When companies come up with a new product, they test it with the info bot and Forbot can use it.
14:47:08 They're they're good now they can build all the accessibility They want into it as a well, so that people can use it directly for all the people who can't use it directly.
14:47:17 Info bot would be we use it to and then there'll be many different individual user interface designed for different groups, or even could design more specifically just for they're selected to mass the user and it creates
14:47:32 interfaces for all these different products over here for the individual.
14:47:40 Potential advantage for users, a near ubiquity of accessibility for all problems.
14:47:47 The you don't have to have a connector on the product, it would literally perceive and understand the same way a human would perceive and understand.
14:48:00 For developers. The number need to train for all types of degrees of combinations of disability.
14:48:07 You no longer have 8080 or more guidelines and provisions that you're also, if you've looked at accessible, you'll see that it's it's it's a huge number of different things when you
14:48:18 design for usability for a normal human being there's a there's hundreds and hundreds of things you have to keep in mind, but because they are seemed natural because you are a human being and because you've learned them innately over your
14:48:33 whole life. They are not so hard to learn but when you're trying to learn them.
14:48:38 For people who are not anything like you It looks like a big number. it's actually a small number compared to what you have to do already, just to be able, being a human interface.
14:48:49 But it is a lot, and these organizations have very hard time training people up fast enough.
14:48:57 I do this and then they just meet the guidelines, and then for consumer advocates.
14:49:02 Sorry, but instead of focusing on advocacy they can work on figuring out what the interface should look like for the it'll be hard to do.
14:49:14 Be a 100%, and Mona lisa is still not gonna be fully accessed to somebody who's applied.
14:49:21 But it also will require new contract between in society as you can see we're changing all of the way of what so funding agencies would have to to make this happen without the fund.
14:49:39 The development. grand challenges. things we have to have intro bots and iigs are sufficiently developed while we start switching over, and we can't really lie on this until we get having it be a reality But there's
14:49:59 already research underway. If you look at the research underway You'll already see all there's elements of this already being developed.
14:50:07 I'm going to end by saying that conclusion at a request The conclusion is the digital affinity.
14:50:15 I want you to be thinking about this 5 before it is now.
14:50:21 The current approach is not going to be working in the so we have to do something new.
14:50:24 I've talked about one you guys can think about something something new has to happen.
14:50:34 Now my request there's a project being launched to look at next next generation interface, and how they can be made accessible, and we're looking for 2 things.
14:50:47 One. you identify the best futureist for predicting where Hci will be in 20.
14:50:51 So if you have any suggestions I there's one I won't say the name, but one futurist hci professional, who's always been way out in front and been fantastic.
14:51:05 But I contacted them and they just said that they're not they're thinking isn't as clear as it wasn't the past, and they just didn't want to so we're already starting to do some there's a whole new generation coming
14:51:21 up. So if you know anybody hci sci-fi futures anyone that you think will helping to predict where aci will be in 20, please, said your thoughts along with any precursor work already underway.
14:51:38 And I know there's stuff i've seen stuff at Cmu already.
14:51:44 They're doing this, and this kind of looks like a piece of that, or this looks like this would be contributing to that.
14:51:51 Send all of that work along as well so thank you very much.
14:52:01 Unfortunately we're already 7 min over time, yes, I just looked at the clock, and I i'm sorry about that I was planning on being short by a half hour and and I over by 7 min.
14:52:14 Sorry apologies, everybody, and I think a lot of people have to run. And there's another class in this room, too.
14:52:22 So unfortunately we can't really forward does anybody have one quick question, maybe, where i'm right, I think one short question.
14:52:34 So the ones I can think over a long question reason tell you what?
14:52:41 Why don't we let you everybody run because they have to get to the next classes?