11-721: Grammars and Lexicons
Fall Term, 2007
Homework 5
Due: October 24, 2007

1.  Finite embedded clauses and relative clauses in English

Draw phrase structure trees for the sentences below using the phrase
structure rules below.  The rules are not debugged, so there may be
errors or omissions, which will be corrected using the class mailing
list. 

The treatment of fillers and gaps is taken from Generalized Phrase
Structure Grammar.  It is based on "slash categories" such as S\NP (an
S missing an NP to the left).  Slash categories are also used in
Categorial Grammar in a different way.  

This grammar should not generate the following sentences which have
fillers without gaps or gaps without fillers.  Send mail to the class
mailing list right away if you find that the grammar generates these.

Ungrammatical sentences: 
*You read the book that I read the book.
*You saw the man that the man saw me. 
*I think that the man bothers.
*I wonder who you saw the man.

Sentences that you should draw trees for:
a.  I love the fact that linguistics is fun.
b.  You met the the man that I saw.
c.  I saw the man that you met. 
d.  You met the man that wrote the book. 
e.  The man that yawned bothers me. 
f.  The man that you met bothers me. 
g.  I wonder who you saw.
h.  The book that botheres me is on the shelf.
i.  The book that is on the shelf bothers me.
j.  I think that linguistics is fun.  
k.  That linguistics is fun bothers me.
l.  I think that the man that you met wrote the book.
m.  You read the book that I think that the man wrote.
n.  You saw the shelf that I think that the book is on.
o.  The fact that bothers me bothers you. 

Phrase Structure Rules:

S -->  NP   VP
S -->  S-bar  VP

S-bar --> C  S

VP -->  V-intrans 
VP -->  V-trans NP
VP -->  BE AdjP
VP -->  BE PP
VP -->  V-q S-q
VP -->  V-comp  S-bar

V-intrans --> yawned
V-trans --> love
V-trans --> bothers
V-trans --> met
V-trans --> saw
V-trans --> wrote
V-q --> wonder
BE --> is
V-comp --> think

AdjP --> Adj
Adj --> fun

NP -->  (Det) N-bar
NP -->  Pronoun

N-bar --> N-bar S-rel
N-bar --> N-bar-comp S-bar

N-bar --> N
N-bar-comp --> N-comp

S-rel --> C  S\NP

S-q  --> NP-wh  S\NP
NP-wh --> who


S\NP --> VP
S\NP --> NP   VP\NP

VP\NP -->  V-trans 
VP\NP -->  BE PP\NP
VP\NP -->  V-comp  S-bar\NP

PP --> P  NP
PP\NP --> P
P --> on

S-bar\NP --> C  S\NP

Det --> the
Pronoun --> I
Pronoun --> me
Pronoun --> you
N --> book
N --> man
N --> linguistics
N --> shelf
N-comp --> fact
N --> fact

2.   Draw trees for two ungrammatical sentences (any length) that are
generated by this grammar.