Applied Intelligence The International Journal of Artificial Intelligence, Neural Networks, and Complex Problem-Solving Technologies Editor-in-Chief (+deputy) Moonis Ali Southwestern Texas State University, USA AIMS AND SCOPE The International Journal of Applied Intelligence provides a medium for exchanging scientific research and technological achievements accomplished by the international community. The focus of the work is on research in artificial intelligence and neural networks. The journal addresses issues involving solutions of real-life manufacturing, defense, management, government and industrial problems which are too complex to be solved through conventional approaches and which require the simulation of intelligent thought processes, heuristics, applications of knowledge, and distributed and parallel processing. The integration of these multiple approaches in solving complex problems is of particular importance. The emphasis of the reported work is on new and original research and technological developments rather than reports on the application of existing technology to different sets of data. Earlier work reported in these fields has been limited in application and has solved simplified, structured problems which rarely occur in real-life situations. Only recently have researchers started addressing real and complex issues applicable to difficult problems. The journal welcomes such developments and functions as a catalyst in disseminating the original research and technological achievements of the international community in these areas. INFORMATION FOR AUTHORS Authors are encouraged to submit high quality, original work that has neither appeared in, nor is under consideration by, other journals. The emphasis of the reported work will be on new and original research and technological developments covering methodologies as well as applications in the area associated with artificial intelligence, knowledge-based expert systems, neural networks, intelligent distributed and parallel processing, and complex-problem solving technologies. PROCESS FOR SUBMISSION 1. Authors should submit six hard copies of their final manuscript to: Mrs. Karen S. Cullen APIN - Editorial Office Kluwer Academic Publishers Tel.: 617-871-6300 101 Philip Drive FAX: 617-871-6528 Assinippi Park Norwell, MA 02061 For prompt attention, all correspondence can be directed to this address. 2. Enclose with each manuscript, on a separate page, from three to five key words. Some typical key word examples are: machine learning, planning, scheduling, monitoring, diagnosis, modeling, design, robotics, and neural net architectures. 3. Enclose originals for the illustrations, in the style described below, for one copy of the manuscript. Photocopies of the figures may accompany the remaining copies of the manuscript. Alternatively, original illustrations may be submitted after the paper has been accepted. Upon acceptance of the paper, authors must supply a brief biographical sketch. 4. Enclose a separate page giving the preferred address of the contact author for correspondence and return of proofs. Please be sure to include a telephone number and a fax number. 5. The refereeing is done by anonymous reviewers. 6. Authors should try to keep the length of the paper (including figures) under 36 double-spaced pages. 7. All papers should be written in English. STYLE FOR MANUSCRIPT 1. Typeset, double or 1 1/2 space; use one side of sheet only (laser printed, typewritten and good quality duplication acceptable). 2. Use an informative title for the paper and include an abstract of 100 to 250 words at the head of the manuscript. The abstract should be a carefully worded description of the problem addressed, the key ideas introduced, and the results. Abstracts will be printed with the article. 3. Provide a separate double-spaced sheet listing all footnotes, beginning with "Affiliation of author" and continuing with numbered footnotes. Acknowledgement of financial support may be given if appropriate. 4. References should appear in a separate bibliography at the end of the paper. References should be numbered in order of citation within the paper. They should be referred to within the text by numberals in square brackets, e.g. [12]. References should be complete, in the following style: Style for papers: Author(s) initials followed by last name for each author, paper title, publication name, volume, inclusive page numbers, month and year. Style for books: Author(s), title, publisher,location, chapter or page numbers (if desired), year. Examples as follows: (Book) D. Marr, Vision, a Computational Investigation into the Human Representation & Processing of Visual Information, Freeman: San Francisco, CA. 1982. (Chapter in Book) D.J. Spiegelhalter, "Probabilistic reasoning in predictive expert systems," in Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence, edited by J.F. Lemmer, North Holland: Amsterdamm pp. 47-67, 1986. (Journal Article) A. Rosenfeld and M. Thurston, "Edge and curve detection for visual scene analysis, "IEEE Trans. Comput. vol. C- 20pp. 562-569, 1971. (Conference Proceedings) A. Witkin, " Scales space filtering," in Proc. Int. Joint Conf. Artif. Intell., Karlsruhe, West Germany, 1983, pp. 1019-21. (Lab. memo, Technical Report, Dissertation) A.L. Yuille and T. Poggio, "Scaling theorems for zero crossings." M.I.T. Artif. Intell. Lab., Massachusetts Inst. Technol., Cambridge, MA, A.I. Memo. 722, 1983. 5. Type or mark mathematical copy exactly as they should appear in print. Journal style for letter symbols is as follows: variables, italic type (indicated by underline); constants, roman text type; matrices and vectors, boldface type (indicated by wavy underline). In word-processor manuscripts, use appropriate typeface. It will be assumed that letters in displayed equations are to be set in italic type unless you mark them otherwise. All letter symbols in text discussion must be marked if they should be italic or boldface. Indicate best breaks for equations in case they will not fit on one line. STYLE FOR ILLUSTRATIONS 1. Original for illustrations should be sharp, noise-free, and of good contrast. We regret that we cannot provide drafting or art service. 2. Line drawings should be in laser printer output or in India ink on paper, or board. Use 8 1/2 by 11-inch size sheets if possible, to simplify handling of the manuscript. 3. 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