0. DOCID:3984 SCORE: 0.00354263618891072
DOCNO: 199443
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: radionuclide imaging
QUALIFIER: radionuclide imaging
QUALIFIER: radionuclide imaging
AUTHOR: R Moreau R
AUTHOR: F Soussaline F
AUTHOR: S Chauvaud S
AUTHOR: C Parmentier C
AUTHOR: R Di Paola R
AUTHOR: P Charbord P
AUTHOR: M Tubiana M
PUBTYPE: Case Reports
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: European journal of nuclear medicine.
COUNTRY: GERMANY, WEST
TITLE: Detection of hepatoma in liver cirrhosis.
PUBDATE: 19770901
The analogic liver scintigram using 99mTc sulfur colloid in cirrhotic patients does not permit determination of the nature of the areas of decreased uptake. Scintigrams with 67Ga citrate generally show increased activity in cases of hepatoma. In some cases, however, 67Ga citrate is less concentrated in neoplasic tissue, and it is not possible to detect a tumoral lesion in a cirrhotic liver. This is why we used double isotope scintigraphies with 67Ga citrate and 99mTc sulfur colloid, with digital subtraction, after simultaneous recording of 99mTc and 67Ga data on magnetic tape by means of an interface. In our series of 22 patients, the comparison of the results obtained by this double isotope technique with histology showed no false positive in substraction scintigrams. There was one false negative because of the lack of significance in the subtracted image for one of the six patients with cancer of the liver. For three of the six patients with hepatoma, the gallium scintigram showed an increased uptake in the tumor area. For the three other cases, the gallium uptake was equilibrated throughout the liver scintigraphy. It was therefore in cases where the gallium scintigram showed no increased activity that the subtraction technique was of greatest value, for it permitted the diagnosis of hepatoma in two cases.

1. DOCID:3887 SCORE: 0.0034635335057115
DOCNO: 803873
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: biosynthesis
QUALIFIER: immunology
AUTHOR: C Waterhouse C
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer research.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: GammaG-globulin production and light-chain metabolism in patients with metastatic cancer.
PUBDATE: 19750401
GammaG-Globulin and excess light-chain metabolism were studied in eight subjects with progressive metastatic malignant disease by determining the plasma radioactivity curves following the administration of appropriately labeled substances. In addition to the plasma die-away curves, which required about 3 weeks for full expression for gamma-globulin, but only 3 to 4 days for light-chain, urinary excretion of the label from metabolized protein was determined. The data are compared to similar studies in control individuals. The metabolism of excess light chain was similar to normal in all respects. The total synthesis of gammaG-globulin was increased with a mean value about twice normal. The mean survival time of a circulating immunoglobulin molecule was short, indicating rapid loss from the system. Other aspects of immunoglobulin metabolism were similar to normal with a normal percentage of the labeled protein appearing in the urine, suggesting no abnormality in the utilization pattern but simply an increased rate of turnover. The capability of malnourished patients with cancer to produce large quantities of immunoglobulin is not specific for this disease, since similar patterns may be seen in response to infections in protein-depleted individuals. However, there is the possibility that the cancer itself acts as an inciting agent in these subjects. Furthermore, such sustained protein synthesis may place an additional burden on already compromised host metabolism.

2. DOCID:3732 SCORE: 0.00303859704226155
DOCNO: 128144
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Hypersensitivity, Delayed
QUALIFIER: methods
QUALIFIER: immunology
QUALIFIER: methods
AUTHOR: J F Burdick JF
AUTHOR: S A Wells SA
AUTHOR: R B Herberman RB
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
PUBTYPE: Review
JOURNALTITLE: Surgery, gynecology & obstetrics.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Immunologic evaluation of patients with cancer by delayed hypersensitivity reactions.
PUBDATE: 19751101
Testing of delayed hypersensitivity responses to recall antigens, newly encountered antigens and tumor antigens has contributed to the understanding of several immunologic factors in human neoplasia. Patients with Hodgkin's disease tend to have depressed responses to both newly encountered and recall antigens. Patients with solid tumors are more likely to be deficient only in the response to newly encountered antigens. In patients who have intact response to recall antigens, reactivity to antigen preparations from tumor and control tissue may be studied. Tumor-associated or organ-associated antigens have been demonstrated by delayed hypersensitivity responses in leukemia, Burkitt's lymphoma, malignant melanoma and carcinoma of the lung, breast, cervix uteri and intestine. Approaches to a definition of the specificity of these reactions are described. The results with these tumor antigen tests correlate strongly with the clinical course. This is a promising technique for monitoring immunotherapy. The results from tests with recall and newly encountered antigens also correlate with the clinical status and perhaps with prognosis. Various possible interpretations of these changes are discussed. Further work should be directed toward an exact definition of immunologic defects in patients with cancer and toward the use of this understanding for a rational program of immunotherapy.

3. DOCID:7057 SCORE: 0.00259273550876607
DOCNO: 7350696
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Blood Sedimentation
QUALIFIER: analysis
QUALIFIER: blood
QUALIFIER: blood
AUTHOR: N J DeYoung NJ
AUTHOR: L K Ashman LK
AUTHOR: J Ludbrook J
AUTHOR: V R Marshall VR
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Surgery, gynecology & obstetrics.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: A comparison of three blood tests for cancer.
PUBDATE: 19800101
Plasma carcinoembryonic antigen concentration, serum phosphohexose isomerase activity and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate were determined in patients with cancer, patients being treated for various benign conditions and healthy young persons. This was to make an intercomparison between the ability of these assays to distinguish patients who have cancer from those who do not and from normal persons. The upper boundaries of the assays were defined by the one-sided, distribution-free, upper tolerance limits of the reference populations. Only by means of the assay for carcinoembryonic antigen was it possible to distinguish patients who had cancer from those who did not. Twenty-two per cent of patients with cancer could be identified by this assay with a false-positive error rate of less than 5 per cent.

4. DOCID:3236 SCORE: 0.00258214751768665
DOCNO: 872124
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Carcinogens
QUALIFIER: chemically induced
AUTHOR: R M Hicks RM
AUTHOR: J Chowaniec J
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer research.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: The importance of synergy between weak carcinogens in the induction of bladder cancer in experimental animals and humans.
PUBDATE: 19770801
It is now well established that the interaction of multiple environmental factors may increase the incidence of some human cancers more than exposure to a single carcinogen. With an in vivo experimental rat model, we have demonstrated a synergistic effect in bladder carcinogenesis between a subcarcinogenic dose of the strong bladder carcinogen, N-methyl-N-nitrosourea, and saccharin- or cyclamate-containing diets. If these artificial sweeteners are capable of interacting with other environmental bladder carcinogens, their potential for increasing the incidence of human bladder cancer is greater than many more potent chemical carcinogens, because of their wide distribution as food additives to all sections of the population. Retrospective epidemiology shows no evidence of such risk from saccharin at current levels of consumption. No comparable studies are available for cyclamate, which was consumed in greater quantities but for relatively few years. It is emphasized that it is possible for interaction between multiple factors to contribute to the incidence of human bladder cancer as it does in other human organs and in other animal species.

5. DOCID:3317 SCORE: 0.00249708600196345
DOCNO: 12276787
OWNER: PIP
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Health Planning
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: IPPF/WHR news service. International Planned Parenthood Federation. Western Hemisphere Region.
COUNTRY: United States
TITLE: Ecuador officially adopts family planning.
PUBDATE: 19740201
The Ecuadorian government has officially announced its plan to extend family planning services to all citizens via its public health service. This September 21 announcement by Raul Maldonado Mejia, Minister of Public Health, indicated that family planning will be integrated into health services on the basis of the following principles: 1) Ecuadorian family planning programs are a medical action aimed at improving the health of mothers and children; 2) family planning must be established as part of a total health service for in this way it can be available to all people; 3) the government, through the Ministry of Health, will control and supervise all family planning services that are provided by private and public organizations; 4) information and education is recognized as an important requisite that allows women to freely and responsibly seek out these services; 5) family planning programs will include in their efforts the early detection of gynecological cancer and the study and treatment of the infertile couple; and 6) the national government can conduct family planning programs with the criterion of responsible parenthood through its own technical facilities or through qualified institutions and organizations.

6. DOCID:3882 SCORE: 0.0024096151670303
DOCNO: 1245005
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: epidemiology
AUTHOR: P F Richard PF
AUTHOR: J Cantin J
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Canadian journal of surgery. Journal canadien de chirurgie.
COUNTRY: CANADA
TITLE: Primary carcinoma of the gallbladder: study of 108 cases.
PUBDATE: 19760101
From 1948 through 1970, 108 causes of primary carcinoma of the gallbladder were recorded out of a total of 17 698 cases of cancer exclusive of skin cancer (incidence, 0.6%). This review indicated that the following are the chief features of this condition: Primary gallbladder carcinoma is mainly a disease of women older than 60 years; abdominal pain occurs in most patients and jaundice in more than half, and weight loss is also common; laboratory and radiographic features are nonspecific; the diagnosis is made or strongly suspected in only one-quarter and, moreover, in many patients the disease may not be discovered until pathologic examination is conducted postoperatively. Resection was possible in 41 of the 93 patients who underwent operation but treatment was conservative because it was palliative in 20, and in 20 of the other underwent cholecystectomy the disease was not recognized at operation. Overall, the 5-year survival rate was 6.4%; for those who underwent curative resection it was 33%; and for patients without visible metastases at operation the mean survival was 3 years. Improvement in survival will come from more frequent recognition of the cancer at operation so that an operation so that an operation more adequate than cholecystectomy may be performed; that is, cholecystectomy, wedge resection of liver and resection of regional lymph nodes.

7. DOCID:7887 SCORE: 0.00239698758712599
DOCNO: 7235853
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: psychology
QUALIFIER: methods
QUALIFIER: psychology
AUTHOR: D Spiegel D
AUTHOR: J R Bloom JR
AUTHOR: I Yalom I
PUBTYPE: Clinical Trial
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
PUBTYPE: Randomized Controlled Trial
JOURNALTITLE: Archives of general psychiatry.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Group support for patients with metastatic cancer. A randomized outcome study.
PUBDATE: 19810501
The effects of weekly supportive group meetings for women with metastatic carcinoma of the breast were systematically evaluated in a one-year, randomized, prospective outcome study. The groups focused on the problems of terminal illness, including improving relationships with family, friends, and physicians and living as fully as possible in the face of death. We hypothesized that this invention would lead to improved mood, coping strategies, and self-esteem among those in the treatment group. Eighty-six patients were tested at four-month intervals. The treatment group had significantly lower mood-disturbance scores on the Profile of Mood States scale, had fewer maladaptive coping responses, and were less phobic than the control group. This study provides objective evidence that a supportive group intervention for patients with metastatic cancer results in psychological benefit. Mechanisms underlying the effectiveness of this group intervention are explored.

8. DOCID:3932 SCORE: 0.0023932677022337
DOCNO: 1111934
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: immunology
QUALIFIER: immunology
AUTHOR: R J Ellis RJ
AUTHOR: G Wernick G
AUTHOR: J B Zabriskie JB
AUTHOR: L I Goldman LI
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Immunologic competence of regional lymph nodes in patients with breast cancer.
PUBDATE: 19750301
In 24 patients undergoing radical mastectomy, the degree of sensitization to breast cancer was compared between lymphocytes obtained from regional lymph nodes and circulating lymphocytes. Using the direct lymphocyte migration inhibition assay a greater immunologic response was observed in regional lymph node lymphocytes as compared to circulating lymphocytes when challenged with breast cancer antigen in vitro. In the breast cancer group, migration inhibition (M.I.) was 21% plus or minus 3% in the regional lymph node (R.L.N.) lymphocytes, as compared to 7% plus or minus 3% in the peripheral blood (P.B.) lymphocytes (p smaller than .01). In the control group M.I. was - 10% plus or minus 2% in the R.L.N. lymphocytes, as compared to - 2% plus or minus 3% in the P.B. lymphocytes (p equal to n.s.) indicating no immunologic response to the breast cancer antigen. A significant delayed hypersensitivity response (M.I.greater 20%) was found in 17/24 regional lymph nodes of the radical mastectomy graoup, as compared to 7/24 in the peripheral blood samples tested in the same group, indicating a superior immune response in the regional lymph node lymphocyte population. These data support the concept that regional lymph nodes in breast cancer patients are immunologically competent, and that the lymphocytes in these nodes are more reactive with a tumor antigen than are the circulating lymphocytes.

9. DOCID:7971 SCORE: 0.00233483800290714
DOCNO: 441517
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: antagonists & inhibitors
QUALIFIER: prevention & control
AUTHOR: J A Gylys JA
AUTHOR: K M Doran KM
AUTHOR: J P Buyniski JP
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Research communications in chemical pathology and pharmacology.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Antagonism of cisplatin induced emesis in the dog.
PUBDATE: 19790101
Cisplatin (cis-diammine-dichloro-platinum) administered at a dose of 3 mg/kg iv induced a reproducible and characteristic emetic response in the dog. It was characterized by a latency period (90-120 min) and multiple emetic episodes occuring within 5 hours following drug administration with sporadic delayed emesis later within the first 24 hours. There was a qualitative similarity between the emetic response of Cisplatin seen in dogs and cancer patients. Metoclopramide (1, 3 mg/kg sc) was found to be the most effective antagonsit of Cisplatin emesis in the dog while haloperidol (1 mg/kg sc) and chlorpromazine (0.3, 1, 3 mg/kg sc) offered a less complete protection. Nabilone (0.1 mg/kg iv) and AL-1612 (1 mg/kg sc) failed to to demonstrate any significant activity. A relationship between antagonism patterns of emetic responses induced by Cisplatin and apomorphine was discussed.

10. DOCID:3350 SCORE: 0.00230965885518294
DOCNO: 953974
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: prevention & control
AUTHOR: A I Sutnick AI
AUTHOR: D G Miller DG
AUTHOR: B Samson B
AUTHOR: D H Dean DH
AUTHOR: K M Kukowski KM
AUTHOR: L Halpern L
AUTHOR: C Jefferys C
AUTHOR: A K Bahn AK
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Population cancer screening.
PUBDATE: 19760901
Controlled trials to evaluate mass screening programs for cancer detection have been singularly lacking. High cost, lack of medical manpower, and low yield have contributed to this problem. A new program in cancer detection (CANSCREEN) has been developed jointly by The Fox Chase Cancer Center in Philadelphia and the Preventive Medicine Institute in New York City. This program attempts to provide a quality cancer-detection examination with increased cost effectiveness. Features include: 1) a self-administered questionnaire on medical history, symptoms, and risk factors; 2) nonphysican examiners; 3) risk-facotr analysis with a predetermined decision logic to determine type and periodicity of examination; and 4) primary intervention (health education). This collaborative program between two institutions in two cities demonstrates the feasibility of introducing similar programs elsewhere. A data base shared by cooperating centers permits information on all patients to be used for evaluation of new techniques, end results, etc. A randomized controlled trial has been designed to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of the questionnaire alone and of the questionnaire and examination.

11. DOCID:3000 SCORE: 0.00226293454171307
DOCNO: 1079163
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Antigen-Antibody Reactions
DESCRIPTOR: Immunity, Cellular
QUALIFIER: immunology
QUALIFIER: immunology
QUALIFIER: immunology
AUTHOR: C D Thompson CD
AUTHOR: S Whittingham S
AUTHOR: I R Mackay IR
AUTHOR: S K Khoo SK
AUTHOR: B H Toh BH
AUTHOR: R J Stagg RJ
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Canadian Medical Association journal.
COUNTRY: CANADA
TITLE: Quantitation of cell-mediated immunity: responses to dinitrochlorobenzene and ubiquitous antigens.
PUBDATE: 19750501
T-lymphocyte immune capacity in man was assessed semiquantitatively by two in vivo procedures: the primary type of response to dinitrochlorobenzene and the secondary type of response, representing memory, to a group of five uniquitous antigens. Controlling for degree of illness proved important in assessing immune capacity in specific diseases; thus, the number of responders and mean score of semiquantitated responses was significantly lower in groups of patients with cancer and multisystem autoimmune disease when comparisons were made with healthy persons, but less so when comparisons were made with a group of subjects with other incapacitating diseases. A notable finding was the lack of correlation in the results of tests of cell-mediated immunity between the two procedures described. Depressed cell-mediated immunity shown in multisystem autoimmune disease is relevant to both predisposition to infection and the postulated role of thymic dysfunction in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity.

12. DOCID:3436 SCORE: 0.00224258770894535
DOCNO: 808268
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: enzymology
AUTHOR: C W Lin CW
AUTHOR: M L Orcutt ML
AUTHOR: L L Stolbach LL
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer research.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Elevation of histaminase and its concurrence with Regan isoenzyme in ovarian cancer.
PUBDATE: 19751001
Histaminase has been shown to be associated with several types of human cancer. In the present study, we examined the activity of histaminase and its relationship with Regan isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase in ascitic fluids obtained from patients with ovarian and several other types of cancer. We have found that about 44% of the ovarian cancer patients had elevated levels of histaminase in the ascitic fluid, whereas a less frequent incidence was observed in fluids obtained from other types of cancer. There was concurrence in the elevation of histaminase activity with the appearance of Regan isoenzyme in most of the samples examined. Of the 10 patients who showed elevated histaminase, 9 had high Regan isoenzyme activity; whereas in 9 patients with normal levels of histaminase, all except 1 had low or moderate levels of Regan isoenzyme activity. These results, therefore, confirm the observation of an association of histaminase with human cancer and suggest the possibility for the utilization of histaminase, in conjunction with Regan isoenzyme and cancer-associated proteins, for cancer diagnosis and clinical evaluation of tumor progression and regression during therapy.

13. DOCID:7636 SCORE: 0.00223359352625433
DOCNO: 739789
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Antigen-Antibody Complex
QUALIFIER: immunology
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: immunology
AUTHOR: H E Heier HE
AUTHOR: J A Sokolowski JA
AUTHOR: O P Solheim OP
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Lymphology.
COUNTRY: GERMANY, WEST
TITLE: C1q-binding substances in peripheral lymph in bronchial carcinoma.
PUBDATE: 19781201
Peripheral leg lymph has been studied for the presence of C1q-binding substances by the I-C1q binding radioassay in six male patients with untreated bronchial carcinoma. In serum, this assay is highly specific for antigen-antibody complexes (immune complexes). Three of the patients had immune complexes in serum, and they all also had C1q-binding substances in peripheral lymph. The C1q-binding activity was quite similar in serum and peripheral lymph. In the other three patients, immune complexes were not found in serum, but in ome of them, moderate amounts of C1q-binding substances were found in peripheral lymph. The results suggest that immune complexes may be found in peripheral lymph in cancer patients in about the same amounts as in serum. However, formal proof is lacking that the C1q-binding substances of peripheral lymph are real immune complexes.

14. DOCID:7748 SCORE: 0.0021881491989999
DOCNO: 7304904
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: administration & dosage
QUALIFIER: complications
QUALIFIER: drug therapy
AUTHOR: M Zenz M
AUTHOR: S Piepenbrock S
AUTHOR: B Schappler-Scheele B
AUTHOR: M Hüsch M
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Der Anaesthesist.
COUNTRY: GERMANY, WEST
TITLE: [Epidural morphine analgesia (PMA). III. Cancer pain (author's transl)]
PUBDATE: 19811001
The effect of PMA in pain therapy was investigated over a period of one year on 52 patients suffering from terminal cancer. These patients, 22 being outpatients, received a total number of 85 peridural catheters. 75 of these catheters were evaluated according to morphine dosage and effect. The onset of PMA resulted in a drastic reduction in the need for high dose systemically applied analgesics. PMA was also successfully applied in cases with rapidly spreading metastases. Our catheters have remained in place up to 170 days. Side effects were rarely observed. Tachyphylaxis did not develop and almost all patients were satisfied with the therapy. Due to special care of the catheter we observed only 7 cases of infected puncture sites. Our clinical studies have proven that peridural morphine analgesia can be successfully applied as pain therapy in patients suffering from terminal cancer.