0. DOCID:3841 SCORE: 0.00332696027959982
DOCNO: 1036616
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: therapeutic use
QUALIFIER: therapeutic use
QUALIFIER: therapeutic use
QUALIFIER: drug therapy
QUALIFIER: therapeutic use
AUTHOR: H Siebner H
AUTHOR: W Weber W
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Österreichische Zeitschrift für Onkologie. Austrian journal of oncology.
COUNTRY: AUSTRIA
TITLE: [Five years treatment of advanced solid malignomas with a combination of four cytostatic drugs (author's transl)]
PUBDATE: 19760501
132 patients with advanced solid malignomas were treated with a combination of four cytostatic drugs (vinblastine, amethopterine, 5-fluorouracil and cyclophosphamid) given on one day. This was repeated once every 2-3 weeks. In every case the diagnosis was made histologically and the tumour was staged according to the TNM-system. The treatment of breast and ovarian cancer brought the best results, improved by a synchronisation therapy. Good results were achieved also in the treatment of special kind of sarcomas and of carcinoma of the urine bladder. The general condition of patients with colon carcinoma could be improved in about 30%. Only one patient died by drug-induced pancytopenia, otherwise severe side-effects were not noted. Before beginning the therapy the cell-mediated immunity of 31 patients was tested by skin-tests with tuberkulin purified protein derivative (PPD) and dinitrochlorbenzole (DNCB). Before and during cytostatic therapy PPD reactions were proven by 23 patients. In accordance to other authors we found that cell-mediated immunity is decreased in the advanced stage of malignoma. Further we noted that delayed hypersensitivity and the number of lymphocytes and monocytes in peripherel blood are important to prognosis and course in patients with cancer.
1. DOCID:7721 SCORE: 0.00251387402674185
DOCNO: 508570
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Alcohol Drinking
QUALIFIER: adverse effects
QUALIFIER: mortality
AUTHOR: S Kono S
AUTHOR: M Ikeda M
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: British journal of cancer.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: Correlation between cancer mortality and alcoholic beverage in Japan.
PUBDATE: 19790901
Geographical correlations between standardized, mortality ratios (SMRs) of cancers and consumption of different types of alcoholic beverages (saké synthetic saké, shochu, beer, wine, and whisky), of cigarettes, and urbanization were examined for all 46 prefectures in Japan. Suggestive correlations were observed between cancer of the oesophagus in males and both shochu and whisky (r = 0.27 and 0.22 respectively), between cancer of the rectum in males and wine (r = 0.45), and between cancer of the prostate and shochu (r = 0.50). These correlations were also confirmed in the partial correlations between SMRs of cancers and consumption of alcoholic beverages, controlling for the two variables urbanization and consumption of cigarettes. Alhtough cancers of other sites were also correlated with certain types of alcoholic beverages, their associations seemed to be secondary to other factors. The validity of higher-order partial correlations and the problems of correlation study are also referred to.
2. DOCID:5705 SCORE: 0.00213938936373296
DOCNO: 7278725
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Diet
DESCRIPTOR: Plants, Medicinal
DESCRIPTOR: Seaweed
QUALIFIER: prevention & control
AUTHOR: J Teas J
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Medical hypotheses.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: The consumption of seaweed as a protective factor in the etiology of breast cancer.
PUBDATE: 19810501
A review of the biological properties of seaweed is presented and the role of seaweed as a breast cancer anticarcinogen is suggested. Proposed mechanisms of action are: reduction of plasma cholesterol, binding of biliary steroids, inhibition of carcinogenic fecal flora, binding of pollutants, stimulation of the immune system, and the protective effects of beta-sitosterols. In an experiment using sarcoma-180 in mice, seaweed extract appeared to have an antitumor effect. Thus it is suggested that breast cancer may be prevented and that this dietary habit among the Japanese could be an important factor in understanding the lower breast cancer rates reported in Japan.
3. DOCID:3581 SCORE: 0.0020262392426557
DOCNO: 180188
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: cytology
AUTHOR: M Pruniéras M
AUTHOR: C Delescluse C
AUTHOR: M Regnier M
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
PUBTYPE: Review
JOURNALTITLE: The Journal of investigative dermatology.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: The culture of skin. A review of theories and experimental methods.
PUBDATE: 19760701
Two main criticisms can be leveled against the standard methods of skin culture: they are poorly quantifiable and the cultured cell populations are heterogeneous. A new technique based mainly on enzymatic dissociation allows specific cell types to be extracted from the skin before cultivation. In this way, separate cultures of epidermal keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts can be obtained from the same piece of skin. These purified systems have been used to study the kinetics of epidermal cell growth and to quantify the effect of various chemically defined substances on the growth and differentiation of keratinocytes. With further refinements in technique, purified populations of melanocytes can be extracted. The co-culture of pigmented melanocytes with albino keratinocytes has been proposed as a model to study pigment donation in vitro. The usual organ culture technique, including the use of large explants of skin immersed in the culture fluid, has been modified to show that adult human skin partially regenerates in vitro and that mitotic activity goes on for months in the regenerated epidermis. The use of nucleic acid hybridization techniques, combined with skin cell cultures from human tumors, opens new avenues of research on human cancer.
4. DOCID:2554 SCORE: 0.00200972033545572
DOCNO: 1104154
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: epidemiology
AUTHOR: W Haenszel W
AUTHOR: P Correa P
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
PUBTYPE: Review
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer research.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Developments in the epidemiology of stomach cancer over the past decade.
PUBDATE: 19751101
The history of stomach cancer epidemiology is reviewed. The introduction of migrant population studies in the 1960 decade that described the critical role of exposures to this disease in early life was a key event. Companion pathology studies have indicated different epidemiological patterns for 2 histological entities, intestinal and diffuse type carcinomas, and confirmed an excess of intestinal metaplasia in populations at high risk to stomach cancer. Recent results suggest that epidemiology of stomach cancer can be transformed into the epidemiology of precursor lesions, and introduction of the fiberoptic gastroscope makes technically feasible detailed studies of the relationship of precursor lesions to suspect factors, including diet, in selected geographic areas. Nitroso compounds have been identified as candidate carcinogens and the epidemiological, pathological, and chemical data display signs of internal consistency. Feeding experiments with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine have led to animal models that permit a coordinated epidemiological-experimental approach to stomach cancer.
5. DOCID:3749 SCORE: 0.00199021316315107
DOCNO: 4856712
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: etiology
QUALIFIER: therapy
AUTHOR: M M Abitbol MM
AUTHOR: J H Davenport JH
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: American journal of obstetrics and gynecology.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Sexual dysfunction after therapy for cervical carcinoma.
PUBDATE: 19740501
Until the Kinsey report there had been very little published concerning sexual activity in the aging woman. Since then other authors have stated that chronic illness or lack of a sexual partner rather than age have placed limitations on their sexual activity. This study reports the effect of different modes of therapy for invasive carcinoma of the cervix on subsequent sexual function, and also tries to establish a correlation with the type of changes of the vaginal anatomy. Radiotherapy alone had been performed on 28 patients, surgery alone on 32, and combined treatment on 15. All were clinically free of cancer for 1 year after treatment was completed. The youngest was aged 23 and the oldest 68. Of the 28 patients treated with radiotherapy alone 22 had developed shortening or narrowing of the vagina sufficient to interfere markedly with sexual function. Only 2 of the 32 surgically treated patients had such a sexual interference. With combined treatment 60% showed some vaginal alterations and 33% sexual dysfunction. Questioning of patients revealed the importance of sexual function in the lives of middle-aged women. Therefore preference is expressed for radical surgery in the treatment of early carcinoma of the cervix because this mode of therapy interfers minimally with the sexual function.
6. DOCID:3744 SCORE: 0.00199015814395741
DOCNO: 831918
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: radiotherapy
AUTHOR: C A Joslin CA
AUTHOR: G V Vaishampayan GV
AUTHOR: A Mallik A
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: The British journal of radiology.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: The treatment of early cancer of the corpus uteri.
PUBDATE: 19770101
This paper analyses the results of post-operative radiotherapy in 256 cases of cancer of the corpus uteri. Myometrial invasion by tumour was shown to be significantly related to histological grading (p less than 0.001) as it was to recurrence rates (p less than 0.025). By placing patients into one of three subsets according to the depth of myometrial invasion, survival was sufficiently different for each subset to validate their use, not only for prognostic purposes but to determine the type of radiotherapy indicated. Radiotherapy was given as either local intravaginal treatment using an obturator loaded with 60Co or by a combination of this and external beam teletherapy. The value of using radiotherapy to treat the whole pelvis as opposed to treating only the vaginal tissues was significant (p less than 0.01) in terms of local disease control for the deep myometrial invasive group. In terms of survival, external beam therapy was of benefit for all three subsets, i.e. superficial, not more than half and more than half myometrial invasion. A planned approach to post-operative radiotherapy was significantly better for the series as a whole compared to previous ad hoc approaches (p less than 0.01). The treatment methods used did not produce unacceptable morbidity.
7. DOCID:2843 SCORE: 0.00192572308653013
DOCNO: 1000481
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Ethnic Groups
QUALIFIER: epidemiology
AUTHOR: E S Lee ES
AUTHOR: R E Roberts RE
AUTHOR: D R Labarthe DR
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Excess and deficit lung cancer mortality in three ethnic groups in Texas.
PUBDATE: 19761201
Based on Texas vital statistics for 1969-71, patterns of lung cancer mortality in three ethnic groups are examined. Among males, the risk of lung cancer for Mexican Americans is considerably lower than for Blacks and Anglos for ages under 75 and slightly higher for older ages. Among females, Mexican American exhibit a distinct excess of lung cancer mortality for ages 70 and over and a deficit for younger ages. The excess among Mexican American females is confined mainly to the older foreign-born women and the excess is reduced for ages 45-60 and diminishes for younger immigrants. This suggests that the excess risk among Mexican Americans will completely disappear within a generation and a general deficit pattern will emerge for all ages. The implications of the diminishing excess and the emerging deficit lung cancer mortality among Mexican Americans clearly call for further study in exploring the effect of cultural change on mortality patterns, particularly for cancer.
8. DOCID:2448 SCORE: 0.00187207809206685
DOCNO: 1148996
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: pathology
AUTHOR: M A Batata MA
AUTHOR: W F Whitmore WF
AUTHOR: B S Hilaris BS
AUTHOR: N Tokita N
AUTHOR: H Grabstald H
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Primary carcinoma of the ureter: a prognostic study.
PUBDATE: 19750601
Fourty-one patients with primary invasive carcinomas of the ureter were seen at Memorial Hospital from 1947 to 1972. Overall survuval patterns were similiar in 19 patients with and 22 patients without prior or concomitant urothelial cancers elsewhere in the urinary tract, with 5-year survival rates, as estimated by the product-limit methos, of41% for both groups. Prognosis was determined primarily by anatomical stage of ureteral cancer. In 11 Stage A (submucosal) patients, 7 Stage B (muscular), 12 Stage C (periureteric fat), and 9Stage D (extraureteral), the similarly estimated 5-year survival rates were 91%, 43%, 23%, and nil, respectively. None of Stage A cases had metastases for periods ranging from 5 to 11 years after surgery alone. Seventy-eight percent of patients with more advanced stages died within 3 years of treatment, withmetastases mainly in pelvic and para-aortic lymph nodes.
9. DOCID:3731 SCORE: 0.00185882806611005
DOCNO: 1203863
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: pathology
AUTHOR: M M Black MM
AUTHOR: T H Barclay TH
AUTHOR: B F Hankey BF
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Prognosis in breast cancer utilizing histologic characteristics of the primary tumor.
PUBDATE: 19751201
A study was made of the inter-relationships and prognostic significance of structural characteristics found in primary breast cancers and their associated axillary lymph nodes. The prognostically favorable characteristics included the following. For the primary tumor: nuclear differentiation of the cancer cells, diffuse lymphoid cell infiltrations (LI) and perivenous lymphoid cell infiltrations (PVI). For the axillary lymph nodes: sinus histiocytosis (SH). Perivenous lymphoid cell infiltrations (PVI) in the primary tumor are found to be as important a prognostic factor as SH in the axillary lymph nodes; these two characteristics are found to be positively associated. Evaluation of the nuclear grade (NG), LI, and PVI in the primary tumor allows for the definition of association with cancer cells having a low (anaplastic) nuclear grade, and to be positively associated with follicular hyperplasia (FH) in the lymph nodes. We also found a positive association between the cellular responses to areas of in situ carcinoma and the cellular responses to accompanying invasive breast breast cancer tissue. They also provide a prognostic system for classifying breast cancer patients on the basis of the microscopic characteristics of the primary tumor and surrounding breast tissue. The latter system should be of value in comparing the therapeutic benefits of various treatments.
10. DOCID:4372 SCORE: 0.00184509895979942
DOCNO: 146867
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Chromosome Aberrations
DESCRIPTOR: Chromosome Disorders
QUALIFIER: genetics
AUTHOR: B R Elejalde BR
AUTHOR: J M Opitz JM
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Postgraduate medicine.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Clinical cytogenetics: part 1.
PUBDATE: 19780201
This paper is an introduction to the cytogenetic biology of man. It deals with the role of chromosome abnormalities in prenatal death, malformation syndromes, mental retardation, malformation/mental retardation syndromes, abnormalities of sex determination, sex differentiation and sexual function, cancer, and certain genetic disorders in which chromosome abnormalities are seen commonly. Down syndrome is discussed as an important and common example of a malformation/mental retardation syndrome.
11. DOCID:3424 SCORE: 0.00176369208704781
DOCNO: 922663
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Carcinoma
DESCRIPTOR: Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
AUTHOR: J R Van Nagell JR
AUTHOR: E S Donaldson ES
AUTHOR: E G Wood EG
AUTHOR: Y Maruyama Y
AUTHOR: J Utley J
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Small cell cancer of the uterine cervix.
PUBDATE: 19771101
Forty-one patients with small cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix were evaluated and treated at the University of Kentucky Medical Center from 1962 to 1974. Eighteen patients (44%) developed widespread metastases and died of recurrent cancer within 2 years of therapy. Common sites of metastases included the lung, liver, and bone. There was a significantly lower incidence of lymphoplasmacytic infiltration in small cell cancers than the keratinizing or nonkeratinizing squanmous cell carcinomas of the cervix. In addition, there was a significant increase in the number of unstimulated regional lymph nodes in patients with small cell cancer when compared with the lymph nodes of patients with the other cell types of cervical cancer. These data suggest that small cell cancer of the cervix is a highly aggressive tumor similar to small cell carcinoma of the lung and behaves quite differently from other types of squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. Radiation therapy was superior to radical surgery in eradicating pelvic disease, but prospective studies need to be undertaken to determine the effect of adjunctive chemotherapy in patients with this rare tumor.
12. DOCID:7615 SCORE: 0.00176278840943321
DOCNO: 7020708
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: standards
AUTHOR: E E Pochin EE
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
PUBTYPE: Review
JOURNALTITLE: Atomic energy review.
COUNTRY: AUSTRIA
TITLE: Risk assessment for radiation protection purposes.
PUBDATE: 19800901
In defining criteria for good protection against ionizing radiation, it is important to assess quantitatively the likely risk of any radiation exposure. The 'somatic' risks to the individual result mainly from induction of cancer in the organs irradiated, and these risks can now be estimated on the basis of numerous detailed epidemiological surveys of exposed human populations. Estimates of the risk of hereditary effects, from genetic changes induced in germ cells, are based largely on the frequency with which such effects are induced in other species. In both cases the risk at very low dose can be inferred using knowledge of the way in which radiation damage is caused in tissues. Coherent systems of radiation protection are based on a restriction of doses to the whole body and to individual organs, such that the induction of cancer and genetic harm is infrequent, and the threshold dose for causing other, 'non-stochastic', effects is not exceeded.
13. DOCID:3975 SCORE: 0.00174320817420469
DOCNO: 780012
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Antibodies
DESCRIPTOR: Antibodies, Neoplasm
QUALIFIER: immunology
QUALIFIER: immunology
AUTHOR: A P Forbes AP
AUTHOR: J R Lake JR
AUTHOR: K J Bloch KJ
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Clinical and experimental immunology.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: Clinical significance of antibodies to ovarian antigens; association with cancer of the genito-urinary tract.
PUBDATE: 19760301
Serum from 491 patients with cancer and from 151 patients of comparable age without recognized cancer was tested by indirect immunofluorescence for antibodies to ovarian antigens. Circulating antibody to the cytoplasm of rabbit ova was found in from 19 to 47% of patients with cancer of the ovary, endometrium, kidney, bladder or testis, or with lymphoma, and in only 3-3% of control patients. Antibodies to thecacell antigens were not more common in patients with cancer than in other patients, but within the group of cancer patients, such antibodies were, in all but one case, associated with cancer of the genito-urinary tract or with lymphoma. The anti-theca-cell antibodies observed produced a staining pattern indistinguishable from that obtained with the serum of patients with Addison's disease but were not, in the cancer patients, associated with antibodies to adrenal tissue. Tests for antibody to the cytoplasm of ova were more frequently positive in patients with progressive cancers than in patients successfully treated by surgery or radiation, and were seen in patients in whom cancer had recurred following removal of the organ of origin. These findings suggest that the antigen or antigens that evoke antibody to the cytoplasm of ova arise from tumour cells rather than from damage to normal tissue by surgery, tumour invasion or radiation.
14. DOCID:7385 SCORE: 0.00172187678227314
DOCNO: 671663
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: genetics
AUTHOR: H T Lynch HT
AUTHOR: P M Lynch PM
AUTHOR: R E Harris RE
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Minimal genetic findings and their cancer control implications. A family with the cancer family syndrome.
PUBDATE: 19780801
A kindred in which five first-degree relatives were initially known to exhibit colorectal, endometrial, and unspecified carcinoma for two generations, occurring at an early age and including three cases of multiple primary cancer, is consistent with criteria for the cancer family syndrome. Follow-up included a diligent surveillance program that led to the early diagnosis of colon cancer in a young member of the third generation who had been considered at high risk for this lesion. Manifestly, hereditary cancer syndrome identification may be expedited through longitudinal study of apparently cancer-prone kindreds, given limited historical information about tumor expression. However, cancer surveillance measures can and should be instituted early and predicated on clues that suggest, but need not be diagnostic of, such a hereditary cancer predisposing disorder.