0. DOCID:3918 SCORE: 0.003532679693285
DOCNO: 1254355
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Metallurgy
QUALIFIER: mortality
QUALIFIER: mortality
AUTHOR: S Tokudome S
AUTHOR: M Kuratsune M
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer.
COUNTRY: DENMARK
TITLE: A cohort study on mortality from cancer and other causes among workers at a metal refinery.
PUBDATE: 19760301
A non-concurrent prospective study was made on deaths from cancer and other causes occurring among 2,675 male workers at a metal refinery from 1949 to 1971. The expected number of deaths computed by applying age- and cause-specific death rates of Japanese males to these workers was compared with the observed number of deaths. Among 839 copper smelters, significantly increased mortalities were noted for lung cancer (SMR = 1,189) and colon cancer, but nor for cancer of the stomach, liver (primary) and biliary passages, pancreas and skin or for leukemia, tuberculosis, cerebrovascular diseases, heart diseases and liver cirrhosis. A dose-response relationship was demonstrated between the mortality from lung cancer and the degree of exposure. A very high excess mortality from lung cancer (SMR = 2,500) was seen among copper smelters who were considered to have been most heavily exposed to arsenic or workers who had engaged in sintering and blast furnace operations for 15 years of more before 1949. The latent period of lung cancer was 37.6 years on average, and not related to level of exposure. Twenty-six of 29 deaths from lung cancer among copper smelters occurred after they had left the refinery. Other production workers and clerical workers showed no significant excess mortality from any kind of cancer.

1. DOCID:15491 SCORE: 0.00343411403204513
DOCNO: 2662789
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: complications
QUALIFIER: pathology
AUTHOR: N S Hadjis NS
AUTHOR: A Adam A
AUTHOR: I Blenkharn I
AUTHOR: G Hatzis G
AUTHOR: I S Benjamin IS
AUTHOR: L H Blumgart LH
AFFILIATION: Hepatobiliary Surgical Unit, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London, England.
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: American journal of surgery.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Primary sclerosing cholangitis associated with liver atrophy.
PUBDATE: 19890701
Of 27 patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis, 4 were found on investigation and subsequently at operation to have gross lobar atrophy. The disease was particularly severe in the hilar region. Three of the four patients were asymptomatic prior to the onset of jaundice. The presence of atrophy precipitated laparotomy to exclude cancer in two cases. Marked disparity in size between liver lobes precluded a hilar approach to relieve extrahepatic obstruction in two patients. Prolonged follow-up excluded coincident malignant disease. Selective liver atrophy should be considered part of the disease spectrum in primary sclerosing cholangitis.

2. DOCID:15843 SCORE: 0.00312607775154932
DOCNO: 3752729
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: pathology
QUALIFIER: pathology
QUALIFIER: pathology
AUTHOR: V W Vanek VW
AUTHOR: C L Whitt CL
AUTHOR: R A Abdu RA
AUTHOR: W R Kennedy WR
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: The American surgeon.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Comparison of right colon, left colon, and rectal carcinoma.
PUBDATE: 19860901
Three hundred fifteen cases of adenocarcinoma were analyzed for differences between lesions in the right colon, left colon, and rectum for the period 1978 to 1983. The right colon cancers accounted for 1/3 of the cases and were associated with a higher incidence of anemia. The incidence of obstruction was the same between the right and left colon but lower for the rectal lesions. Left colon and rectal cancers had a higher incidence of gross bleeding than right colon cancers, but all had a high rate of occult blood in the stool. The Duke stage of the lesions, which was similar throughout the colon and rectum, is a reliable prognostic indicator.

3. DOCID:3417 SCORE: 0.0030637952599503
DOCNO: 1255759
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: epidemiology
AUTHOR: W Haenszel W
AUTHOR: M Kurihara M
AUTHOR: F B Locke FB
AUTHOR: K Shimuzu K
AUTHOR: M Segi M
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Stomach cancer in Japan.
PUBDATE: 19760201
A study of 783 patients with stomach cancer and 1,566 hospital controls in Hiroshima and Miyagi prefectures of Japan showed that farmers, representing mostly the lowest socioeconomic class, had higher risk of developing stomach cancer. The usual inverse gradient in risk by social class was in the urban population of Miyagi, but not Hiroshima, prefecture. The study in Japan did not reproduce the association of stomach cancer with consumption of salted/dried fish and salt-pickled vegetables described for the Hawaiian Japanese. Salted/dried fish and pickled vegetables were more widely used by farmers than by nonfarmers in Japan or by Japanese migrants to Hawaii. The ability to detect associations for these typical Japanese foods in Hawaii stemmed from the fact that these reduced levels of use were more completely expressed by the Hawaiian-Japanese controls than by patients. The lower risk of developing stomach cancer for lettuce and celery users agreed with the Hawaiian-Japanese findings, and the combined results supported conjectures on possible protective food effects. Lettuce, in particular, warranted attention from this viewpoint, since similar findings have been consistently reported.

4. DOCID:3645 SCORE: 0.00304054032281068
DOCNO: 936381
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: therapeutic use
QUALIFIER: therapeutic use
QUALIFIER: drug therapy
AUTHOR: J D Schmidt JD
AUTHOR: R P Gibbons RP
AUTHOR: D E Johnson DE
AUTHOR: G R Prout GR
AUTHOR: W W Scott WW
AUTHOR: G P Murphy GP
PUBTYPE: Clinical Trial
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
PUBTYPE: Randomized Controlled Trial
JOURNALTITLE: Urology.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Chemotherapy of advanced prostatic cancer. Evaluation of response parameters.
PUBDATE: 19760601
A total of 125 patients with progressing advanced prostatic cancer were entered into a chemotherapy study comparing cyclophosphamide, 5-fluorouracil, and standard therapy. Parameters of response were studied in 110 patients who could be evaluated. Thirty-six patients (33 per cent) were considered to have an objective response, that is becoming stable (29 patients) or in partial regression (7 patients). Negative response parameters (predictors of a poor response to chemotherapy or standard theraphy leading to progress) included (1) bone marrow evidence of prostatic cancer, (2) abnormal liver scan, (3) prior radiation therapy (indirectly through increased toxicity to chemotherapy), and (4) lack of bilateral orchiectomy prior to randomization. Positive indicators (predictors of good responses) included (1) reduction of primary tumor mass, especially after administration of 5-fluorouracil or cyclophosphamide, and (2) hemoglobin values. There were more objective responders to cyclophosphamide than standard therapy whether the hemoglobin was initially normal or low. Indeterminate parameters of response included weight gain, presence of bony or soft tissue metastases, relief of pain, performance status, excretory urography, and biochemical determinations of liver and renal function.

5. DOCID:11543 SCORE: 0.0029810725656855
DOCNO: 6748237
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: surgery
AUTHOR: M Nishi M
AUTHOR: H Nomura H
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Gan no rinsho. Japan journal of cancer clinics.
COUNTRY: JAPAN
TITLE: [Problems and present status of surgical treatment for early gastric cancer]
PUBDATE: 19840501
We investigated 81 cases resected in our department about 10 years. The following conclusions were obtained. The R2-operation in lymph node dissection should be made even for early gastric cancer. Early gastric cancer with the unclear border, uneven surface or induration should be operated as advanced cancers. Because the positive rate of lymphatic permeation in these cases is high and the hematogenous metastasis is not rarely found. We also sent out a questionnaire to 430 hospitals which were attached to the Japanese Research Society for gastric cancer. We do believed that we should not easily performed the non operative treatment for early gastric cancer, because we could be only obtained the exact information after the histological examination of resected specimens.

6. DOCID:15007 SCORE: 0.00296606342277797
DOCNO: 3048333
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Transfection
QUALIFIER: genetics
QUALIFIER: genetics
AUTHOR: M P Moyer MP
AUTHOR: J W Egan JW
AUTHOR: J B Aust JB
AUTHOR: R C Moyer RC
AFFILIATION: Department of Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio 78284.
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
PUBTYPE: Review
JOURNALTITLE: Biochemistry and cell biology = Biochimie et biologie cellulaire.
COUNTRY: CANADA
TITLE: DNA-mediated transfection as a model for oncogenesis.
PUBDATE: 19880601
DNA transfer technology has greatly contributed to progress in understanding molecular biology and genetics. In recent years, great efforts have been expended to determine the oncogenic potential of single, defined genes or complex gene mixtures as a prelude to defining the role those genes may play in neoplastic transformation in vitro and tumor induction in vivo. This paper reviews the currently available DNA transfection techniques and their application toward understanding cancer initiation and progression, and how the in vitro and animal models may apply to human cancer.

7. DOCID:7837 SCORE: 0.002865799572796
DOCNO: 7317745
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: urine
QUALIFIER: immunology
QUALIFIER: urine
AUTHOR: S Kumar S
AUTHOR: C B Costello CB
AUTHOR: R W Glashan RW
AUTHOR: B Björklund B
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: British journal of urology.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: The clinical significance of tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) in the urine of bladder cancer patients.
PUBDATE: 19811201
A 2-stage study has been carried out to evaluate the usefulness of urinary tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) levels in patients with bladder cancer as an adjunct to the routine procedures for detection of bladder tumours. Two-hour urine samples were collected from 83 bladder cancer patients and normal individuals for the first part of the study, 24-h samples from 54 patients and normal individuals for the second part. Urinary TPA was determined using radioimmunoassay. In 2-h samples there was no significant difference in the amounts of TPA/l in any of the groups. In contrast, the TPA results of 24-h urine samples (n = 54) were markedly different from 2-h samples and the former correlated very well with the presence or absence of bladder cancer. A reason for this difference may be circadian rhythm effects.

8. DOCID:9531 SCORE: 0.00282399542104053
DOCNO: 6956319
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: therapy
AUTHOR: R P Morton RP
AUTHOR: P Chapman P
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: The Australian and New Zealand journal of surgery.
COUNTRY: AUSTRALIA
TITLE: The results of treatment of laryngeal cancer in Auckland New Zealand 1965-1979.
PUBDATE: 19820801
A retrospective review of laryngeal cancer in Auckland over the period 1965-1979 has revealed a generally poorer prognosis for supraglottic cancer than for glottic cancer. The use of radiotherapy for supraglottic cancer and for advanced glottic cancer has not been as successful as primary surgery but has yielded good results in early glottic carcinoma. Salvage surgery after failed radiotherapy was significantly more successful for glottic tumours than supraglottic. Stomal recurrence was more likely if a patient had required an emergency tracheotomy for airway obstruction.

9. DOCID:4734 SCORE: 0.00275660634032966
DOCNO: 343596
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: therapy
QUALIFIER: therapeutic use
AUTHOR: R S Freedman RS
AUTHOR: J T Wharton JT
AUTHOR: F Rutledge F
AUTHOR: J G Sinkovics JG
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
PUBTYPE: Review
JOURNALTITLE: American journal of obstetrics and gynecology.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Transfer factor and possible applications in gynecology.
PUBDATE: 19780301
Dialyzable transfer factor (TFd) is reviewed against its historical background, preparation methods, physiochemical properties, possible mechanisms of action, pharmacology, and clinical studies, including several areas relating to gynecology. The possible role of TFd as an adjunct in the treatment of cancer is discussed. The discussion centers on gynecologic cancer in several patients who have received TFd. The difficulties and future possibilities for this modality of treatment are considered.

10. DOCID:4706 SCORE: 0.0027566051011449
DOCNO: 7345007
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: antagonists & inhibitors
QUALIFIER: chemically induced
QUALIFIER: pharmacology
QUALIFIER: chemically induced
QUALIFIER: antagonists & inhibitors
AUTHOR: M Habs M
AUTHOR: D Schmähl D
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Hepato-gastroenterology.
COUNTRY: GERMANY, WEST
TITLE: Inhibition of the hepatocarcinogenic activity of diethylnitrosamine (DENA) by ethanol in rats.
PUBDATE: 19811001
Male Sprague-Dawley rats received 0.1 mg/kg of diethyl-nitrosamine orally five times a week for life with or without additional subsequent administration of 5 ml/rat/day of a 25% aqueous solution of ethanol. The additional treatment with ethanol significantly reduced the induction of liver cancer, but not of esophageal tumors. These findings do not support speculations based on epidemiologic studies as to a cancer-causing effect of alcohol.

11. DOCID:1478 SCORE: 0.00274366981574464
DOCNO: 860705
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Models, Theoretical
QUALIFIER: epidemiology
QUALIFIER: epidemiology
QUALIFIER: adverse effects
AUTHOR: T R Fears TR
AUTHOR: J Scotto J
AUTHOR: M A Schneiderman MA
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: American journal of epidemiology.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Mathematical models of age and ultraviolet effects on the incidence of skin cancer among whites in the United States.
PUBDATE: 19770501
That sunlight leads to skin cancer has been generally accepted for nearly a century. Physical data are, for the first time, available which support this hypothesis. The authors have found that a simple power relationship can be used to describe the data and that the form of this power function suggests that the risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer is related to cumulative lifetime ultraviolet (UV) exposure and that the risk of melanoma skin cancer is related to annual UV exposure. The authors emphasize that skin cancer risk also depends on location-specific demographic variables other than ultraviolet radiation.

12. DOCID:2252 SCORE: 0.0027385812361554
DOCNO: 1157019
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: epidemiology
QUALIFIER: epidemiology
QUALIFIER: epidemiology
QUALIFIER: epidemiology
QUALIFIER: epidemiology
QUALIFIER: epidemiology
AUTHOR: J D Godwin JD
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Carcinoid tumors. An analysis of 2,837 cases.
PUBDATE: 19750801
Two thousand eight hundred thirty-seven cases of carcinoid tumor from files at the National Cancer Institute were analyzed statistically. Tumors were found in the lung, ovary, and biliary and gastrointestinal tracts. Most were in the appendix, rectum, and ileum. Age-adjusted incidence rates were higher for black males, except for lung carcinoids. Carcinoids showed several differences from other kinds of tumor, including a low age for appendiceal and lung cases and low male/female and black/white ratios in the lung. Percentages of concurrent neoplasms and multiple carcinoids were low compared to other series. Five-year relative survival rates ranged from 99% (appendix) to 33% (sigmoid colon). Survival for colon cases was not so low as expected on the basis of the high rate of metastasis. Some appendiceal carcinoids were metastatic and may have killed 1 patient. Findings are compared with other studies.

13. DOCID:3910 SCORE: 0.00267964310917262
DOCNO: 1117767
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: epidemiology
QUALIFIER: epidemiology
AUTHOR: J F Beamis JF
AUTHOR: A Stein A
AUTHOR: J L Andrews JL
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: The Medical clinics of North America.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Changing epidemiology of lung cancer. Increasing incidence in women.
PUBDATE: 19750301
Recent worldwide reports show a large increase in the incidence of lung cancer in both men and women. To detail changes in the epidemiology of lung cancer relating to the incidence in men and women, we reviewed the patterns of diagnosis of 1145 patients with lung cancer seen at the Lahey Clinic between 1956 and 1972, during which time the proportion of all men and women seen was unchanged. The total number of women with lung cancer increased greatly and has almost doubled during this period. Lung cancer in women is now increasing at a faster rate than in men so that the male to female incidence has decreased from 6.8/1 (1957 to 1960) to 2.4/1 (1969 to 1972). We reviewed in detail the case histories and pathology of 231 women with lung cancer. No significant change was evident in cell type distribution during the study years. The most frequently seen tumors in women were adenocarcinoma (31 per cent), undifferentiated large cell cancer (22 per cent), epidermoid carcinoma (16 per cent), and undifferentiated small cell carcinoma (12 per cent). Among those women with known smoking histories, the group most responsible for the recent increase in women with lung cancer was comprised of smoking women in whom Kreyberg group 1 (smoking-related) tumors developed.

14. DOCID:3957 SCORE: 0.00267704224665614
DOCNO: 903186
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: adverse effects
QUALIFIER: adverse effects
QUALIFIER: adverse effects
QUALIFIER: epidemiology
QUALIFIER: complications
AUTHOR: R Saracci R
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer.
COUNTRY: DENMARK
TITLE: Asbestos and lung cancer: an analysis of the epidemiological evidence on the asbestos-smoking interaction.
PUBDATE: 19770901
Three simple models for the asbestos-smoking interaction on human lung cancer production are considered. In the first model the excess incidence of lung cancer independently due to asbestos and to smoking adds together when both agents are present (additive model). In the second the addition of each one of the two agents produces an effect (increase in lung cancer incidence) which is proportional to the effect of the other (multiplicative model). In the third, asbestos can only increase lung cancer incidence in the presence of smoking. As previously found by other investigators, the additive model appears the least plausible in the light of the data from two published epidemiological studies. A discrimination between the other two models is attempted through a detailed analysis of the five published epidemiological studies today available which provide information on occupational asbestos exposure, smoking habits and lung cancer risk. Although the data do not allow a definitive discrimination, the multiplicative model appears to be more plausible, being also consistent with a multi-stage carcinogenic mechanism and with evidence from animal (rat) experiments. It is relevant both for biology and for public health that in this model asbestos and smoking are regarded as independently capable of producing lung cancer in humans and that they act synergistically when exposure to both occurs.