0. DOCID:3432 SCORE: 0.00280976170687969
DOCNO: 947510
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: therapeutic use
QUALIFIER: drug therapy
QUALIFIER: therapeutic use
AUTHOR: B Hoogstraten B
AUTHOR: S L George SL
AUTHOR: B Samal B
AUTHOR: S E Rivkin SE
AUTHOR: J J Costanzi JJ
AUTHOR: J D Bonnet JD
AUTHOR: T Thigpen T
AUTHOR: H Braine H
PUBTYPE: Clinical Trial
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
PUBTYPE: Randomized Controlled Trial
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Combination chemotherapy and adriamycin in patients with advanced breast cancer. A Southwest Oncology Group study.
PUBDATE: 19760701
In January, 1972, the Southwest Oncology Group initiated two randomized studies for patients with advanced breast cancer. The study for patients with prior chemotherapy showed a 33% response rate with adriamycin. The study for patients without previous chemotherapy consisted of three treatment regimens; a weekly repeated combination of cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, vincristine, and prednisone; these same five drugs given in courses of 5 days repeated every 4 weeks; and adriamycin as a single agent every 3 weeks. For the 283 evaluable patients, the response rates were: weekly combination 63/106 (59%); intermittent combination 39/98 (40%); and adriamycin 31/79 (39%). The median duration of response was 8 months for weekly combination, 10 months for intermittent therapy and only 4 months for adriamycin. Leukopenia was the dose-limiting toxicity with all three regimens. The weekly combination is the most effective therapy for patients with advanced disease. Extensive trails of combinations that include adriamycin are underway.

1. DOCID:3564 SCORE: 0.00267570482358693
DOCNO: 998569
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Surgical Procedures, Operative
QUALIFIER: blood
QUALIFIER: analysis
QUALIFIER: blood
AUTHOR: I Lipinska I
AUTHOR: B Lipinski B
AUTHOR: V Gurewich V
AUTHOR: K D Hoffmann KD
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: American journal of clinical pathology.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Fibrinogen heterogeneity in cancer, in occlusive vascular disease, and after surgical procedures.
PUBDATE: 19761201
Electrophoresis in 3.5% polyacrylamide gel was used to determine the patterns of fibrinogen heterogeneity in healthy subjects, in postoperative patients and in patients with cancer or occlusive vascular disease. Two major and one minor fibrinogen fractions, differing in molecular weight, were identified, and their concentrations in blood determined. The high-molecular-weight (HWM) fraction was found in greatest concentration after operation, during the period of hyperfibrinogenemia, whereas no simultaneous increase of lower-molecular-weight (LMW and LMW') fractions occurred, suggesting that these were derivatives of HMW ("native") fibrinogen. No correlation between the concentrations of the LMW and LMW' fractions and fibrinolytic activity was found, suggesting that direct degradation of HMW fibrinogen by plasmin was unlikely. The high fibrinogen level in cancer patients was related to increased concentrations of HMW and LMW fractions, whereas in the vascular-disease patients it was due exclusively to increased concentrations of LMW and LMW' fibrinogen. Serial observations indicated little fluctuation in the concentration of these fractions, indicating a persistently accelerated rate of conversion of HMW to LMW and LMW' fibrinogen in occlusive vascular disease. Possible pathogenic implications are discussed.

2. DOCID:2819 SCORE: 0.00145731215904115
DOCNO: 1087261
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: diagnosis
AUTHOR: R Lewis R
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Geriatrics.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Anemia--a common but never a normal concomitant of aging.
PUBDATE: 19761201
Diagnosis is often overlooked because symptoms develop slowly and insidiously and many patients don't complain about them. Then too, the giddiness, apathy, confusion, clumsiness, and similar problems may be considered simply signs of "old age." Iron deficiency anemia is the most common type in old people. It's usually due to gastrointestinal bleeding, but there may be a second, less obvious cause. The classic picture of low serum iron, high total iron-binding capacity, and low iron-binding saturation is sometimes distorted. Usually, many studies are needed to confirm the suspicion of a vitamin B12 or folic acid deficiency. A raised mean corpuscular volume in itself signals the need for further investigation. In patients with macrocytosis, the bone marrow must be examined. Tests for intestinal malabsorption must be considered too. Repeated blood tests are essential in patients being treated for any type of anemia. Iron deficiency may hide evidence of folate or B12 deficiency. And iron therapy may lessen bleeding from colonic cancer, delaying diagnosis until it's too late to operate.

3. DOCID:3781 SCORE: 0.00145730461615342
DOCNO: 1087506
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: immunology
QUALIFIER: immunology
QUALIFIER: immunology
AUTHOR: W J Pichler WJ
AUTHOR: G Stingl G
AUTHOR: M Micksche M
AUTHOR: H Neumann H
AUTHOR: W Knapp W
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Wiener klinische Wochenschrift.
COUNTRY: AUSTRIA
TITLE: [T-Lymphocyte shifts in patients with melanoma and bronchogenic carcinoma (author's transl)]
PUBDATE: 19761101
Lymphocyte subpopulations were investigated in 32 patients with malignant melanoma, 25 patients with bronchogenic carcinoma and 59 control subjects. Whereas the determination of membrane immunoglobulin-bearing lymphocytes and of complement receptor-bearing lymphocytes gave comparable results in the tumour patient and control group, significant differences were found in the T-lymphocyte population using the sheep red blood cell (SRBC) assay. The so-called "active" Wybran rosette test, which characterizes a T-cell subpopulation with an especially avid receptor for SRBC, gave significantly lower results in patients with melanoma (25% control 35%, p less than 0.01) and bronchogenic carcinoma (21% control 35% p less than 0.01). Determination of the total T-cell population using the Jondal rosette assay gave significantly lower values in the patients with melanoma (52%, control 63%, p less than 0.01), but not in those with lung cancer (65%). Low rosette values were detected even at low histological invasion levels (classified according to Clark) in the patients with melanoma. No correlation was found between the invasion level and the percentage of rosette-forming cells. The significance of these findings and the value of the rosette assay in the assessment of the immunological reactivity of tumour patients is discussed.

4. DOCID:1329 SCORE: 0.00145729181854319
DOCNO: 1058530
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Aging
DESCRIPTOR: Hematologic Diseases
AUTHOR: C Maier C
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift.
COUNTRY: SWITZERLAND
TITLE: [Hematological problems in geriatrics]
PUBDATE: 19750801
By way of introduction, the physiologic alterations of blood cells in old age are described. Besides the well known anemias in younger persons, protein deficiency may be an additional cause of anemia in the elderly. Acquired sideroblastic anemia of varying etiology is more often seen in the elderly than in younger people. In pernicious anemia the daner of gastric cancer has been overestimated. Aggressive treatment of acute leukemias is not indicated in patients over 60. The special form of smouldering leukemia is mentioned. The syndrome of anemia, thrombocytopenia and enzymatic dysfunction of granulocytes may, it is suggested, be a symptom of preleukemia. Anemia with accelerated sedimentation rate responsive to steriods is helpful in diagnosing polymyalgia rheumatica in the oligosymptomatic form.

5. DOCID:322 SCORE: 0.00115370076456882
DOCNO: 131202
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: drug therapy
QUALIFIER: blood
QUALIFIER: pharmacology
AUTHOR: P A Lee PA
AUTHOR: M R Kelly MR
AUTHOR: J D Wallin JD
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Increased prolactin levels during reserpine treatment of hypertensive patients.
PUBDATE: 19760501
Serum prolactin levels are significantly greater among hypertensive patients receiving reserpine as compared to levels six weeks after discontinuing the treatment (P less than .005). This association between regular, long-term reserpine use and greater prolactin levels may be clinically significant, since an increased incidence of breast cancer has been reported among hypertensive patients receiving reserpine.

6. DOCID:1940 SCORE: 0.00114230132605528
DOCNO: 837100
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: drug therapy
QUALIFIER: methods
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: British medical journal.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: Clinical trials of the treatment of breast cancer in Britain and Ireland. Report by co-ordinating committee.
PUBDATE: 19770201
Thirteen trials of systemic chemotherapy in early breast cancer were identified and protocols obtained. The differences in the latter prevented a true comparison of the results. In setting up any trial it is important to define the primary objectives and to include a statistician from the start. Only truly random allocation of patients is acceptable, while treatment programmes must be fully monitored. Other important aspects include review of the results by an independent member of the trial committee and keeping full, but simple, case records. Though any trial must be designed by a committee and not a single investigator, the individual clinician remains responsible for the patients under his care. To launch a controlled randomised trial without full preparation and guaranteed resources is in the best interests of neither patients nor doctors.

7. DOCID:817 SCORE: 0.000942540325954807
DOCNO: 165854
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Antineoplastic Agents
QUALIFIER: drug therapy
QUALIFIER: therapeutic use
AUTHOR: L A Price LA
AUTHOR: J H Goldie JH
AUTHOR: B T Hill BT
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: British medical journal.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: Methodichlorophen as anti-tumor drug.
PUBDATE: 19750401
Methodichlorophen was given to 26 patients with terminal malignant disease. Eight patients received adequate doses, and five of them showed objective evidence of tumour regression while three failed to respond. Those who responded included four out of five patients with lung cancer (three with squamous-cell carcinoma and one with oat-cell carcinoma) and a patient with hypernephroma. Two patients with testicular teratomas and one with acute myeloid leukemia failed to respond. The drug may be given safely by mouth to outpatients if certain precautions are taken.

8. DOCID:1713 SCORE: 0.000850127489080859
DOCNO: 1267868
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: genetics
QUALIFIER: genetics
AUTHOR: E Lovett E
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: The British journal of surgery.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: Family studies in cancer of the colon and rectum.
PUBDATE: 19760101
Family histories were obtained from 209 patients undergoing treatment for cancer of the colon or rectum at St Mark's Hospital. Death certificates were obtained for parents and siblings who had died. Among these, the number of deaths from cancer of the bowel was more than three times that expected for a comparable group from the general population. There are three principal features which, if present in an index case, are associated with the likelihood that other members of the family will also have had cancer of the large bowel. These are, first, the presence of multiple benign or malignant tumours in the large bowel, secondly, a history of previous primary carcinoma or adenoma of the large bowel and, thirdly, early age of onset of carcinoma of the bowel.

9. DOCID:1780 SCORE: 0.00085012086667505
DOCNO: 347640
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Antigens, Neoplasm
AUTHOR: I McConnell I
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
PUBTYPE: Review
JOURNALTITLE: Transactions of the ophthalmological societies of the United Kingdom.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: Immune response to tumour antigens.
PUBDATE: 19770901
In experimental tumour systems in a wide variety of species there is clear evidence for the existence of immunity mechanisms directed against the elimination of the tumour. This is particularly true when the tumours are those induced either by carcinogens or by viruses. With spontaneously arising tumours in animals, specific immune responses to tumour antigens have been more difficult to demonstrate. Nonetheless these experimental systems do show that tumour antigens exist and that tumour growth can be controlled by immune responses to them. Since the immune system is the natural mechanism of control, one hopes that, when more is understood about the nature of tumour antigens on human tumours, we shall be in a position to apply some of our basic experimental knowledge to the immunotherapy of cancer in man.

10. DOCID:3861 SCORE: 0.000850108880797561
DOCNO: 1214242
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Thermography
QUALIFIER: diagnosis
QUALIFIER: diagnosis
QUALIFIER: diagnosis
AUTHOR: Y Ayme Y
AUTHOR: J Martin-Laval J
AUTHOR: S Clerc S
AUTHOR: R Amalric R
AUTHOR: J M Spitalier JM
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Journal de radiologie, d'électrologie, et de médecine nucléaire.
COUNTRY: FRANCE
TITLE: [Novel contribution of dynamic telethermography in the diagnosis of dysplasia and cancer of the uterine cervix (author's transl)]
PUBDATE: 19751201
At the present time when maximum information, obtained without practising an incision, on anomalies of the cervix take on the greater importance, thermivision provides novel data. Hot dysplasia was revealed to be true early cancer, cold dystrophy was near to hot subclinical cancer and "screened" in a way and picked up by routine thermovisual investigations. An elevated thermogenesis, even of a colposcopically benign lesion should maintain clinical alertness. Disagreement between the results of colposcopy, thermovision and cervico-uterine cytology, instead of leading to the rejection of these methods, must on the contrary make one look for the reasons for these divergences. D.T.T. in introducing new data, undoubtedly provides an element of uterine cervical physiology. Faced with an evident early cancer, study of the thermal emission enables one to precisely show the degree of local extension of this cancer and sometines its multifocal nature. It is an event, an approach to the physiology of malignancy. Furthermore it is remarkable to note the cooling after ionizing irradiation, rapid and complete cooling. D.T.T. is therefore called upon to take its place which is even greater as new non-mutilating therapeutic methods such as cryosurgery for example develop.

11. DOCID:3718 SCORE: 0.00085009952688085
DOCNO: 1182668
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Adenocarcinoma
DESCRIPTOR: Carcinoma
DESCRIPTOR: Carcinoma, Papillary
DESCRIPTOR: Thyroid Neoplasms
AUTHOR: K O Franssila KO
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Prognosis in thyroid carcinoma.
PUBDATE: 19750901
All cases of thyroid cancer reported to the Finnish Cancer Registry in 1958-62 were re-examined histologically; 227 cases of thyroid carcinoma were found. The correlation between survival rates and different histologic and clinical features was studied. The survival rates for papillary carcinoma were significantly higher than those for follicular carcinoma, and the latter significantly higher than those for anaplastic carcinoma. The survival rates for medullary carcinoma were similar to those for papillary carcinoma, but there were only 10 medullary tumors. Within papillary carcinoma, vascular invasion correlated with low survival rates. In follicular carcinoma, the encapsulated type, and in anaplastic carcinoma the diffuse small cell type had higher survival rates than other tumors. The extent of the primary tumor and the presence of distant metastases correlated with survival, but the presence of regional metastases did not. The presence of severe compression symptoms correlated with low survival rates. Young patients and females had higher survival rates than old patients and males. In making a postoperative estimation of prognosis it is best to take the histologic type, the extent of the primary tumor, and the presence of distant metastases into consideration. A tentative preoperative prognosis can be bases on the age and sex of the patient and the presence of distant metastases and severe compression symptoms.

12. DOCID:1792 SCORE: 0.000850096187686114
DOCNO: 1011192
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Radioisotope Teletherapy
QUALIFIER: radiotherapy
AUTHOR: B Pierquin B
AUTHOR: F Baillet F
AUTHOR: W Mueller W
AUTHOR: F Wilson F
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Journal de radiologie, d'électrologie, et de médecine nucléaire.
COUNTRY: FRANCE
TITLE: [Semi continuous low rate irradiation by telecobalt (author's transl)]
PUBDATE: 19761101
The current status of knowledge regarding low rate telecobalt irradiation does not permit any definitive conclusions. However, it has shown that this technique of irradiation, on condition that it is given in two fractions separated by three weeks, is without major risk for healthy tissue, the tolerance of skin being particularly remarkable, and with immediate very satisfactory results on the tumour. Strict statistical comparison will be necessary, however, if a final judgment is to be made. Thus a study group of the O.E.R.T.C. has decided to undertake a comparative study between classical fractioned irradiation and semi-continuous low rate irradiation. The trial involves only cancers of the base of the tongue he has began in January 1976.

13. DOCID:3621 SCORE: 0.000850088407171416
DOCNO: 606790
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: immunology
QUALIFIER: pharmacology
AUTHOR: J E Allison JE
AUTHOR: W P Glezen WP
AUTHOR: L H Taber LH
AUTHOR: A Paredes A
AUTHOR: R G Webster RG
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: The Journal of infectious diseases.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Reactogenicity and immunogenicity of bivalent influenza A and monovalent influenza B virus vaccines in high-risk children.
PUBDATE: 19771201
Seventy-nine high-risk children were immunized with either commercial, bivalent, split-product influenza A vaccine or purified hemagglutinin-neuraminidase bivalent influenza A vaccine, and 78 of these subjects were immunized with commercial, monovalent, influenza B split-product vaccine. The reactogenicity of all three vaccines was low, and there were no severe reactions. Twenty-nine subjects who received hemagglutinin-neuraminidase vaccine as their initial dose and commercial split-product vaccine as a booster dose had significantly lower antibody responses to influenza A/New Jersey/76 virus than subjects who received two doses of commercial split-product vaccine. The responses of the two groups to influenza A/Victoria/75 virus were comparable. Twenty-four subjects with malignancy who were receiving chemotherapy were compared with a group of subjects matched for age and vaccine preparation. Patients with cancer had significantly lower antibody responses to A/New Jersey/76 virus than patients without cancer. The ultimate responses of patients with cancer to A/Victoria/75 and B/Hong Kong/72 viruses were comparable to those of other patients, but early responses were lower.

14. DOCID:2588 SCORE: 0.000848187267052504
DOCNO: 909097
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: adverse effects
QUALIFIER: chemically induced
AUTHOR: P G Smith PG
AUTHOR: H Jick H
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Regular drug use and cancer.
PUBDATE: 19771101
An extensive survey study of 25,000 patients admitted to 24 Boston-area hospitals during the first 10 months of 1972 provided data which were used to estimate the proportion of cancer that is likely to be due to recent regular intake of drugs normally used to treat illness. Cancer was diagnosed for the first time in some 800 patients. The regular drug use before admissions among these patients was compared to that of 3,443 non-cancer patients admitted for conditions thought to be unrelated to any regular drug use. Controlling for age and sex, the risk ratio point estimate for any regular drug use among cancer patients was 0.88 when compared to that of reference patients. The 90% upper confidence bound was 1.02. These data indicate with 90% confidence that less than 1% of the cancers identified in this study were likely to have been caused by any recent regular use of drugs.