0. DOCID:3432 SCORE: 0.00280976170687969
DOCNO: 947510
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: therapeutic use
QUALIFIER: drug therapy
QUALIFIER: therapeutic use
AUTHOR: B Hoogstraten B
AUTHOR: S L George SL
AUTHOR: B Samal B
AUTHOR: S E Rivkin SE
AUTHOR: J J Costanzi JJ
AUTHOR: J D Bonnet JD
AUTHOR: T Thigpen T
AUTHOR: H Braine H
PUBTYPE: Clinical Trial
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
PUBTYPE: Randomized Controlled Trial
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Combination chemotherapy and adriamycin in patients with advanced breast cancer. A Southwest Oncology Group study.
PUBDATE: 19760701
In January, 1972, the Southwest Oncology Group initiated two randomized studies for patients with advanced breast cancer. The study for patients with prior chemotherapy showed a 33% response rate with adriamycin. The study for patients without previous chemotherapy consisted of three treatment regimens; a weekly repeated combination of cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, vincristine, and prednisone; these same five drugs given in courses of 5 days repeated every 4 weeks; and adriamycin as a single agent every 3 weeks. For the 283 evaluable patients, the response rates were: weekly combination 63/106 (59%); intermittent combination 39/98 (40%); and adriamycin 31/79 (39%). The median duration of response was 8 months for weekly combination, 10 months for intermittent therapy and only 4 months for adriamycin. Leukopenia was the dose-limiting toxicity with all three regimens. The weekly combination is the most effective therapy for patients with advanced disease. Extensive trails of combinations that include adriamycin are underway.
1. DOCID:3564 SCORE: 0.00267570482358693
DOCNO: 998569
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Surgical Procedures, Operative
QUALIFIER: blood
QUALIFIER: analysis
QUALIFIER: blood
AUTHOR: I Lipinska I
AUTHOR: B Lipinski B
AUTHOR: V Gurewich V
AUTHOR: K D Hoffmann KD
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: American journal of clinical pathology.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Fibrinogen heterogeneity in cancer, in occlusive vascular disease, and after surgical procedures.
PUBDATE: 19761201
Electrophoresis in 3.5% polyacrylamide gel was used to determine the patterns of fibrinogen heterogeneity in healthy subjects, in postoperative patients and in patients with cancer or occlusive vascular disease. Two major and one minor fibrinogen fractions, differing in molecular weight, were identified, and their concentrations in blood determined. The high-molecular-weight (HWM) fraction was found in greatest concentration after operation, during the period of hyperfibrinogenemia, whereas no simultaneous increase of lower-molecular-weight (LMW and LMW') fractions occurred, suggesting that these were derivatives of HMW ("native") fibrinogen. No correlation between the concentrations of the LMW and LMW' fractions and fibrinolytic activity was found, suggesting that direct degradation of HMW fibrinogen by plasmin was unlikely. The high fibrinogen level in cancer patients was related to increased concentrations of HMW and LMW fractions, whereas in the vascular-disease patients it was due exclusively to increased concentrations of LMW and LMW' fibrinogen. Serial observations indicated little fluctuation in the concentration of these fractions, indicating a persistently accelerated rate of conversion of HMW to LMW and LMW' fibrinogen in occlusive vascular disease. Possible pathogenic implications are discussed.
2. DOCID:2819 SCORE: 0.00145731215904115
DOCNO: 1087261
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: diagnosis
AUTHOR: R Lewis R
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Geriatrics.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Anemia--a common but never a normal concomitant of aging.
PUBDATE: 19761201
Diagnosis is often overlooked because symptoms develop slowly and insidiously and many patients don't complain about them. Then too, the giddiness, apathy, confusion, clumsiness, and similar problems may be considered simply signs of "old age." Iron deficiency anemia is the most common type in old people. It's usually due to gastrointestinal bleeding, but there may be a second, less obvious cause. The classic picture of low serum iron, high total iron-binding capacity, and low iron-binding saturation is sometimes distorted. Usually, many studies are needed to confirm the suspicion of a vitamin B12 or folic acid deficiency. A raised mean corpuscular volume in itself signals the need for further investigation. In patients with macrocytosis, the bone marrow must be examined. Tests for intestinal malabsorption must be considered too. Repeated blood tests are essential in patients being treated for any type of anemia. Iron deficiency may hide evidence of folate or B12 deficiency. And iron therapy may lessen bleeding from colonic cancer, delaying diagnosis until it's too late to operate.
3. DOCID:3781 SCORE: 0.00145730461615342
DOCNO: 1087506
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: immunology
QUALIFIER: immunology
QUALIFIER: immunology
AUTHOR: W J Pichler WJ
AUTHOR: G Stingl G
AUTHOR: M Micksche M
AUTHOR: H Neumann H
AUTHOR: W Knapp W
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Wiener klinische Wochenschrift.
COUNTRY: AUSTRIA
TITLE: [T-Lymphocyte shifts in patients with melanoma and bronchogenic carcinoma (author's transl)]
PUBDATE: 19761101
Lymphocyte subpopulations were investigated in 32 patients with malignant melanoma, 25 patients with bronchogenic carcinoma and 59 control subjects. Whereas the determination of membrane immunoglobulin-bearing lymphocytes and of complement receptor-bearing lymphocytes gave comparable results in the tumour patient and control group, significant differences were found in the T-lymphocyte population using the sheep red blood cell (SRBC) assay. The so-called "active" Wybran rosette test, which characterizes a T-cell subpopulation with an especially avid receptor for SRBC, gave significantly lower results in patients with melanoma (25% control 35%, p less than 0.01) and bronchogenic carcinoma (21% control 35% p less than 0.01). Determination of the total T-cell population using the Jondal rosette assay gave significantly lower values in the patients with melanoma (52%, control 63%, p less than 0.01), but not in those with lung cancer (65%). Low rosette values were detected even at low histological invasion levels (classified according to Clark) in the patients with melanoma. No correlation was found between the invasion level and the percentage of rosette-forming cells. The significance of these findings and the value of the rosette assay in the assessment of the immunological reactivity of tumour patients is discussed.
4. DOCID:1329 SCORE: 0.00145729181854319
DOCNO: 1058530
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Aging
DESCRIPTOR: Hematologic Diseases
AUTHOR: C Maier C
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift.
COUNTRY: SWITZERLAND
TITLE: [Hematological problems in geriatrics]
PUBDATE: 19750801
By way of introduction, the physiologic alterations of blood cells in old age are described. Besides the well known anemias in younger persons, protein deficiency may be an additional cause of anemia in the elderly. Acquired sideroblastic anemia of varying etiology is more often seen in the elderly than in younger people. In pernicious anemia the daner of gastric cancer has been overestimated. Aggressive treatment of acute leukemias is not indicated in patients over 60. The special form of smouldering leukemia is mentioned. The syndrome of anemia, thrombocytopenia and enzymatic dysfunction of granulocytes may, it is suggested, be a symptom of preleukemia. Anemia with accelerated sedimentation rate responsive to steriods is helpful in diagnosing polymyalgia rheumatica in the oligosymptomatic form.
5. DOCID:322 SCORE: 0.00115370076456882
DOCNO: 131202
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: drug therapy
QUALIFIER: blood
QUALIFIER: pharmacology
AUTHOR: P A Lee PA
AUTHOR: M R Kelly MR
AUTHOR: J D Wallin JD
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Increased prolactin levels during reserpine treatment of hypertensive patients.
PUBDATE: 19760501
Serum prolactin levels are significantly greater among hypertensive patients receiving reserpine as compared to levels six weeks after discontinuing the treatment (P less than .005). This association between regular, long-term reserpine use and greater prolactin levels may be clinically significant, since an increased incidence of breast cancer has been reported among hypertensive patients receiving reserpine.
6. DOCID:1940 SCORE: 0.00114230132605528
DOCNO: 837100
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: drug therapy
QUALIFIER: methods
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: British medical journal.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: Clinical trials of the treatment of breast cancer in Britain and Ireland. Report by co-ordinating committee.
PUBDATE: 19770201
Thirteen trials of systemic chemotherapy in early breast cancer were identified and protocols obtained. The differences in the latter prevented a true comparison of the results. In setting up any trial it is important to define the primary objectives and to include a statistician from the start. Only truly random allocation of patients is acceptable, while treatment programmes must be fully monitored. Other important aspects include review of the results by an independent member of the trial committee and keeping full, but simple, case records. Though any trial must be designed by a committee and not a single investigator, the individual clinician remains responsible for the patients under his care. To launch a controlled randomised trial without full preparation and guaranteed resources is in the best interests of neither patients nor doctors.
7. DOCID:817 SCORE: 0.000942540325954807
DOCNO: 165854
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Antineoplastic Agents
QUALIFIER: drug therapy
QUALIFIER: therapeutic use
AUTHOR: L A Price LA
AUTHOR: J H Goldie JH
AUTHOR: B T Hill BT
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: British medical journal.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: Methodichlorophen as anti-tumor drug.
PUBDATE: 19750401
Methodichlorophen was given to 26 patients with terminal malignant disease. Eight patients received adequate doses, and five of them showed objective evidence of tumour regression while three failed to respond. Those who responded included four out of five patients with lung cancer (three with squamous-cell carcinoma and one with oat-cell carcinoma) and a patient with hypernephroma. Two patients with testicular teratomas and one with acute myeloid leukemia failed to respond. The drug may be given safely by mouth to outpatients if certain precautions are taken.
8. DOCID:7704 SCORE: 0.000865092651627536
DOCNO: 7229433
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: radiation effects
QUALIFIER: radiation effects
QUALIFIER: etiology
QUALIFIER: adverse effects
AUTHOR: I Willis I
AUTHOR: J M Menter JM
AUTHOR: H J Whyte HJ
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: The Journal of investigative dermatology.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: The rapid induction of cancers in the hairless mouse utilizing the principle of photoaugmentation.
PUBDATE: 19810501
We report a method for rapidly inducing cancer in the hairless mouse utilizing regimen in which an exposure to highly erythemogenic, but otherwise clinically noninjurious, dose of broad spectrum (290-400 nm) ultraviolet light is increased by 20% every 6th day. Clinical and histological observations reveal the presence of squamous cell cancer after as little as 18 days of irradiation. The rate of cancer induction is enhanced by the 320-400 nm component and this enhancement is shown to be a photoaugmentative effect. The results support the idea that stratum corneum and/or malpighian layer thickening produced in early stages of tumor induction tends to protect against the detrimental effects of UV radiation. Strict monitoring of both the spectral distribution and output of the radiation source is imperative for reproducible rates of tumor induction.
9. DOCID:7547 SCORE: 0.000865092442616577
DOCNO: 699228
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: surgery
AUTHOR: L Beluffi L
AUTHOR: F Lungarotti F
AUTHOR: M Sebastiani M
AUTHOR: A Sensini A
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Chirurgia italiana.
COUNTRY: ITALY
TITLE: [Personal experience with anterior resection of the rectum]
PUBDATE: 19781001
Authors experience in the Dixon's operation regarding the surgical treatment of cancer of the rectum and recto-sigmoid junction is reviewed. It consists in 224 cases of malignant lesions which were treated by Miles operation (106 cases--47%), Dixon's operation (49 cases--21%), palliation anterior resection (16 cases--7%), other operations (53 cases--24%). After a brief discussion on anatomo-pathological conditions and tecniques, the Authors consider their results: operatory mortality 4%; complications: total anastomosis dehiscence 1 case, partial anastomosis dehiscence 14%; local repetitions 10%; hepatic metastasis within 5 ys 40%; survival at 5 ys 46%. Functional results were always very good. The Authors conclude that, even considering the large rate (56%) of wide-spread cancers treated, Dixon's operation, at least in their experience, doesn't seem to satisfy those needs of radically requested by a correct surgical therapy, which only Miles' operation guarantees.
10. DOCID:6242 SCORE: 0.000865091535048666
DOCNO: 6930985
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: pathology
QUALIFIER: pathology
QUALIFIER: pathology
AUTHOR: K W Barwick KW
AUTHOR: A G Huvos AG
AUTHOR: J Smith J
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Primary osteogenic sarcoma of the vertebral column: a clinicopathologic correlation of ten patients.
PUBDATE: 19800801
In a review of more than 1000 patients with osteogenic sarcoma of bone, the vertebral column was the site of the primary tumor in 10 patients. The vertebral osteogenic sarcoma in 4 of the 10 patients was secondary; to Paget's disease of bone in 3, and to irradiation received for a prior cancer in 1. Frequently, cord compression caused severe neurologic symptoms. Prognosis was always poor. Seven patients died of their disease within a year of histologic diagnosis. The differential diagnoses between osteogenic sarcoma and three benign tumors are reviewed, osteoblastoma being the tumor most frequently confused with osteogenic sarcoma. The radiologic and histologic criteria for distinguishing between the two are discussed.
11. DOCID:4156 SCORE: 0.000865087881975828
DOCNO: 505833
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Cardia
QUALIFIER: surgery
QUALIFIER: surgery
AUTHOR: A A Rusanov AA
AUTHOR: M I Dolgorukov MI
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Vestnik khirurgii imeni I. I. Grekova.
COUNTRY: USSR
TITLE: [Surgical treatment of cardial and gastroesophageal neoplasms]
PUBDATE: 19790701
The experience in surgical treatment of cancer of the proximal portion of the stomach in 1003 patients is described. The transpleural access was used in 452 operations. The authors believe that long-term results of the surgery are mostly dependent on the spread of tumour and the type of tumour growth.
12. DOCID:6287 SCORE: 0.00085821793806081
DOCNO: 7352201
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: pathology
QUALIFIER: pathology
AUTHOR: M Moskowitz M
AUTHOR: P Gartside P
AUTHOR: J A Wirman JA
AUTHOR: C McLaughlin C
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Radiology.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Proliferative disorders of the breast as risk factors for breast cancer in a self-selected screened population: pathologic markers.
PUBDATE: 19800201
A study was done to quantify the pathologic risk of subsequent breast cancer in women whose biopsies demonstrated proliferative histologic conditions. Out of a total of 10,530 patients, 1,408 had biopsies which were classified as either bland fibrocystic or hyperplastic. The behavior of the disease in these patients was compared to that of the general screened population. It was concluded that women whose biopsies reveal hyperplastic disorder, primarily atypical hyperplasia and fibroadenoma, run the greatest risk of getting cancer. For women with atypical hyperplasia, the risk is 13 times that of the general population, and for those with fibroadenoma it is three times greater.
13. DOCID:1713 SCORE: 0.000850127489080859
DOCNO: 1267868
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: genetics
QUALIFIER: genetics
AUTHOR: E Lovett E
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: The British journal of surgery.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: Family studies in cancer of the colon and rectum.
PUBDATE: 19760101
Family histories were obtained from 209 patients undergoing treatment for cancer of the colon or rectum at St Mark's Hospital. Death certificates were obtained for parents and siblings who had died. Among these, the number of deaths from cancer of the bowel was more than three times that expected for a comparable group from the general population. There are three principal features which, if present in an index case, are associated with the likelihood that other members of the family will also have had cancer of the large bowel. These are, first, the presence of multiple benign or malignant tumours in the large bowel, secondly, a history of previous primary carcinoma or adenoma of the large bowel and, thirdly, early age of onset of carcinoma of the bowel.
14. DOCID:1780 SCORE: 0.00085012086667505
DOCNO: 347640
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Antigens, Neoplasm
AUTHOR: I McConnell I
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
PUBTYPE: Review
JOURNALTITLE: Transactions of the ophthalmological societies of the United Kingdom.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: Immune response to tumour antigens.
PUBDATE: 19770901
In experimental tumour systems in a wide variety of species there is clear evidence for the existence of immunity mechanisms directed against the elimination of the tumour. This is particularly true when the tumours are those induced either by carcinogens or by viruses. With spontaneously arising tumours in animals, specific immune responses to tumour antigens have been more difficult to demonstrate. Nonetheless these experimental systems do show that tumour antigens exist and that tumour growth can be controlled by immune responses to them. Since the immune system is the natural mechanism of control, one hopes that, when more is understood about the nature of tumour antigens on human tumours, we shall be in a position to apply some of our basic experimental knowledge to the immunotherapy of cancer in man.