0. DOCID:3943 SCORE: 0.00681080088941946
DOCNO: 1070982
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Smoking
QUALIFIER: analysis
QUALIFIER: epidemiology
AUTHOR: K J Cullen KJ
AUTHOR: D P Stevens DP
AUTHOR: M A Frost MA
AUTHOR: I R Mackay IR
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Australian and New Zealand journal of medicine.
COUNTRY: AUSTRALIA
TITLE: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), smoking, and cancer in a longitudinal population study.
PUBDATE: 19760801
In 1969, the prevalence of raised levels (5 ng/ml of serum) of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was estimated in 2372 persons aged 40 years and over in Busselton, Western Australia. There were raised levels of CEA in 73 subjects (3%). The prevalence increased progressively with age in both non-smokers and smokers with a higher rate of prevalence at all ages in smokers, and a peak of 11% in smokers aged 65--74 years. Among non-smokers, the prevalence was similar in both men and women (1%), in smokers there was a stepwise rise in prevalence with increasing tobacco consumption. Subsequently, levels of CEA of 5 ng/ml or over tended to disappear from the sera in a greater proportion of the non/exsmokers than of smokers. In the following five years, "CEA-associated" cancer occurred in nine of 73 subjects (13%) with raised levels of CEA compared with 25 in 2299 (1%) in those with normal CEA levels. This association was independent of the confounding effects of age, sex, and smoking habit. The five year data on 2372 subjects have confirmed that CEA screening of healthy Busselton subjects has identified a group at future risk of developing "CEA-associated" cancers, in addition to drawing attention to the presence of existing cancers.

1. DOCID:26215 SCORE: 0.00514991682752684
DOCNO: 11057313
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: administration & dosage
QUALIFIER: administration & dosage
QUALIFIER: administration & dosage
QUALIFIER: drug therapy
AUTHOR: N Horikoshi N
AUTHOR: T Saotome T
AUTHOR: N Yoshida N
AUTHOR: K Aiba K
AFFILIATION: Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan.
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
PUBTYPE: Review
JOURNALTITLE: Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy.
COUNTRY: JAPAN
TITLE: [Oral cancer chemotherapy in the clinic]
PUBDATE: 20001001
The present status of oral chemotherapeutic agents and the treatment of cancer were reviewed. Twenty anticancer agents are commercially available in Japan excluding hormonal and BRM agents. Cancers for the outpatient chemotherapy are limited because useful drugs are few for such circumstances. Now new potent agents such as S-1, capecitabine and molecular targeting are available. This kind of chemotherapy is needed for growing number of elderly patients for QOL and medical cost.

2. DOCID:23258 SCORE: 0.00489581994529001
DOCNO: 7497468
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: isolation & purification
QUALIFIER: analogs & derivatives
QUALIFIER: chemistry
AUTHOR: D Nakae D
AUTHOR: Y Mizumoto Y
AUTHOR: E Kobayashi E
AUTHOR: O Noguchi O
AUTHOR: Y Konishi Y
AFFILIATION: Department of Oncological Pathology, Nara Medical University, Japan.
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer letters.
COUNTRY: IRELAND
TITLE: Improved genomic/nuclear DNA extraction for 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine analysis of small amounts of rat liver tissue.
PUBDATE: 19951101
Using two different commercially available extraction kits, genomic/nuclear DNA could be recovered from rat liver samples as small as 10 mg. Background 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine levels in such DNA were low and stable at 0.26-0.30 +/- 0.01-0.03/10(5) guanine residues. The minimum tissue wet weight required for the accurate 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine analysis was 25 mg. The present results indicate that routine and reliable assessment of the involvement of oxidative DNA damage in the development of various diseases, including cancer, is feasible using a variety of tissue sources.

3. DOCID:23870 SCORE: 0.00449690246118673
DOCNO: 7816410
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Breast Self-Examination
QUALIFIER: diagnosis
AUTHOR: W H Hindle WH
AFFILIATION: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles.
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
PUBTYPE: Review
JOURNALTITLE: Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: The diagnostic evaluation.
PUBDATE: 19940901
Breast symptoms are appropriately evaluated by a breast-oriented history and by the diagnostic triad of clinical breast examination, FNA, and mammography. In the case of a palpable dominant mass, concordance of the diagnostic triad yields a reliable clinical diagnosis. If there is not concordance, or if there is any doubt about the diagnosis either on the part of the physician or the patient, open surgical biopsy provides the definitive histologic diagnosis. The goal in clinical practice is to detect nonpalpable cancers by ordering screening mammography for all patients eligible by age, history, or both. The long-term cancer-free survival of women treated for nonpalpable breast cancer is excellent.

4. DOCID:19930 SCORE: 0.00442590954186466
DOCNO: 2305043
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Models, Statistical
QUALIFIER: epidemiology
QUALIFIER: adverse effects
QUALIFIER: epidemiology
AUTHOR: S A Feig SA
AUTHOR: S M Ehrlich SM
AFFILIATION: Department of Radiology, Jefferson Medical College and Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA 19107.
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Radiology.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Estimation of radiation risk from screening mammography: recent trends and comparison with expected benefits.
PUBDATE: 19900301
On the basis of recent epidemiologic studies, the National Institutes of Health in 1985 provided a new estimate for radiation risk to the breast that employed a relative risk model and acknowledged greater dependence on age at exposure. Lifetime risks from a single mammogram may be calculated from this estimate and are lower than those based on the previous 1977 National Cancer Institute estimate. Possible years of life expectancy lost from annual mammography beginning at age 40 years may also be calculated and are negligible compared with estimates for years of life expectancy gained from such screening.

5. DOCID:18521 SCORE: 0.00441562281213178
DOCNO: 2084339
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: chemically induced
QUALIFIER: therapeutic use
QUALIFIER: adverse effects
QUALIFIER: chemically induced
QUALIFIER: drug therapy
AUTHOR: E V Gembitskiĭ EV
AUTHOR: A S Portnoĭ AS
AUTHOR: A V Begunov AV
PUBTYPE: Case Reports
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Klinicheskaia meditsina.
COUNTRY: USSR
TITLE: [Diagnosis and therapeutic correction of changes in the cardiovascular system of patients with prostatic cancer treated with estrogens]
PUBDATE: 19901201
Estrogen-related cardiovascular dysfunction was noted in 23 out of 30 patients with prostatic cancer (PC). Coronary subjects with PC suffered from cardiac pain evident on ECG necessitating correction by effective doses of coronary active drugs. PC patients with essential hypertension exhibited frequent headache, progressive edema of the legs, drastic hypertensive reactions. It is held that estrogen therapy for prostatic cancer should be preceded and monitored by therapeutic evaluation responsible for optimal conditions to prevent and early diagnose cardiovascular complications.

6. DOCID:10778 SCORE: 0.00439433607982996
DOCNO: 7201343
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: drug therapy
QUALIFIER: administration & dosage
AUTHOR: M S Blumenreich MS
AUTHOR: B Needles B
AUTHOR: A Yagoda A
AUTHOR: P Sogani P
AUTHOR: H Grabstald H
AUTHOR: W F Whitmore WF
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Intravesical cisplatin for superficial bladder tumors.
PUBDATE: 19820901
Cisplatin, 50-150 mg in a maximum concentration of 1 mg/ml, was administered intravesically each week to 24 patients with multiple, recurrent carcinoma in situ and/or bladder tumors confined to the mucosa and lamina propria. All patients had a history of multiple transurethral resections and four had received prior chemotherapy. Response was evaluated by urinary cytology, cystoscopy, and biopsy. In a total of 237 weekly doses, toxicities included mild dysuria, pruritus, rash and in one patient, acute anaphylaxis. Only three (13%) patients were classified as achieving complete remission. Cisplatin, in the dose and schedule employed, is ineffective in controlling superficial bladder cancer.

7. DOCID:19291 SCORE: 0.00436241714472716
DOCNO: 8393415
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Virus Cultivation
QUALIFIER: growth & development
AUTHOR: O Faff O
AUTHOR: B A Murray BA
AUTHOR: V Erfle V
AUTHOR: R Hehlmann R
AFFILIATION: Medizinische Poliklinik, Universität München, FRG.
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: FEMS microbiology letters.
COUNTRY: NETHERLANDS
TITLE: Large scale production and purification of human retrovirus-like particles related to the mouse mammary tumor virus.
PUBDATE: 19930501
Human retrovirus-like particles related to mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) are secreted in a steroid-dependent manner by the breast cancer cell line T47D. We report the successful large scale production and purification of these particles from culture supernatants of T47D cells and describe the experimental conditions established for this purpose. Thus, mg amounts of particles were produced by large scale culturing of T47D cells in an autoharvesting roller bottle system and purified by differential centrifugation and continuous flow ultracentrifugation on density gradients with a 50% recovery and a 350-fold enrichment.

8. DOCID:7732 SCORE: 0.00435635730905432
DOCNO: 366189
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: diagnosis
QUALIFIER: instrumentation
QUALIFIER: diagnosis
AUTHOR: J M Miller JM
AUTHOR: J I Hamburger JI
AUTHOR: S Kini S
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Diagnosis of thyroid nodules. Use of fine-needle aspiration and needle biopsy.
PUBDATE: 19790201
The accuracy of diagnosis of 455 thyroid nodules evaluated by cytological and histological specimens obtained by fine- and large-needle biopsy, respectively, was compared with that for 1,094 nodules previously evaluated by clinical methods. The use of cytohistological data halved the number of patients with suspected cancer and doubled the number of patients to be observed. Cancers identified at operation for high and intermediate cancer-risk patients increased 75%, and operation for diagnosis of benign disease decreased 70%. Forty-two of 47 excised cancers were included in the cytohistological probable cancer group. Only 29 of these cancers were so classified clinically. Two cancers not diagnosed cytologically were suspected histologically and vice versa for one cancer. All 51 excised cytohistologically benign nodules were benign. There were more false-positive findings with cytological than with histological specimens.

9. DOCID:22294 SCORE: 0.00422503384471498
DOCNO: 8546457
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: economics
QUALIFIER: economics
QUALIFIER: therapy
AUTHOR: N Koinuma N
AFFILIATION: Dept. of Hospital and Health Care Administration, Tohoku University School of Medicine.
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
PUBTYPE: Review
JOURNALTITLE: Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy.
COUNTRY: JAPAN
TITLE: [Cancer and health economics]
PUBDATE: 19960101
Health economics on cancer medicine is a supportive tool of cancer care and is becoming one of the essential weapons against cancer. Its principal roles are to enhance the quality and efficacy and to secure the finance necessary to the cancer care. The economic aspects of cancer medicine and the methods of economic evaluation are overviewed with emphasis on cost-benefit, cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analysis. The operational and interpretational checkpoints are introduced, and the problems and prospects of the practical use of the methods on clinical settings such as cancer chemotherapy are discussed.

10. DOCID:25393 SCORE: 0.00414605111602467
DOCNO: 11253600
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: therapy
QUALIFIER: pathology
QUALIFIER: therapy
AUTHOR: O Choy O
AUTHOR: T Jahan T
AUTHOR: M Roach M
AUTHOR: L You L
AUTHOR: D Jablons D
AFFILIATION: Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
PUBTYPE: Review
JOURNALTITLE: Chest surgery clinics of North America.
COUNTRY: United States
TITLE: Stage II (N1) lung cancer.
PUBDATE: 20010201
As therapies evolve and mature, the authors predict that the next 20 years will see significant advances in the understanding of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), in molecular stratification of NSCLC, and significant improvement in survival and cure rates. This survival will be achieved through early detection and combined treatments using effective surgical interventions, improved radiotherapeutics, and especially significantly enhanced, rationally designed systemic therapies.

11. DOCID:22903 SCORE: 0.00412596398184603
DOCNO: 8655866
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Eating
DESCRIPTOR: Nutrition
QUALIFIER: complications
QUALIFIER: complications
AUTHOR: K J Joshipura KJ
AUTHOR: W C Willett WC
AUTHOR: C W Douglass CW
AFFILIATION: Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Mass. 02115, USA.
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: The impact of edentulousness on food and nutrient intake.
PUBDATE: 19960401
The authors collected dietary intake data about the food and nutrient intake of 49,501 male health professionals. Edentulous participants consumed fewer vegetables, less fiber and carotene, and more cholesterol, saturated fat and calories than participants with 25 or more teeth. These factors could increase the risks of cancer and cardiovascular disease. Mean differences in intake ranged from 2 to 13 percent, independent of age, smoking, exercise and profession. Longitudinal analyses suggest that tooth loss may lead to detrimental changes in diet.

12. DOCID:3938 SCORE: 0.00402318302512753
DOCNO: 171104
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Receptors, Cell Surface
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: metabolism
AUTHOR: R A Hawkins RA
AUTHOR: A Hill A
AUTHOR: B Freedman B
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry.
COUNTRY: NETHERLANDS
TITLE: A simple method for the determination of oestrogen receptor concentrations in breast tumours and other tissues.
PUBDATE: 19751001
A simple method for the determination of oestrogen receptor activity in breast tumours and other tissues is described. By competition between radioactive and non-radioactive oestradiol-17beta for binding to a tissue extract prepared with centrifugation at low speed, the presence or absence of receptors is decided from the unmanipulated data. The concentration of receptors (P0) and dissociation constant of binding (Kd) are calculated by Scatchard analysis. In two relatively homogeneous tissues, assay precision was of the order of 16% for receptor concentration and 21-33% for the dissociation constant of binding: in heterogeneous breast tumors, much poorer precision can be expected. Sensitivity determined empirically is approximately 0.1 fmol/mg tissue. The method has been applied to the determination of receptor concentrations in human breast cancers, benign breast tumours, non-malignant breast, gynaecomastic breast, and in various tissues of the rat. Receptor activity was detected in 70% of the human breast cancers examined, and in lower amounts, in 21% of the benign human breast tissues. Activity was also detected in rat uterus and mammary gland, and in low amounts in 82% of the rat mammary tumours analysed. Dissociation constant of binding was generally of the order of 0.5 x 10(-10) M. The advantages of the method are discussed.

13. DOCID:26211 SCORE: 0.00401377504492008
DOCNO: 11189691
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Mass Screening
DESCRIPTOR: Randomized Controlled Trials
DESCRIPTOR: Survival Analysis
QUALIFIER: diagnosis
QUALIFIER: diagnosis
QUALIFIER: diagnosis
QUALIFIER: diagnosis
AUTHOR: A B Miller AB
AUTHOR: S Yurgalevitch S
AUTHOR: J L Weissfeld JL
AFFILIATION: Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, Germany.
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Controlled clinical trials.
COUNTRY: United States
TITLE: Death review process in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial.
PUBDATE: 20001201
The procedures that have been adopted in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial are described. These procedures have been designed to ensure unbiased decisions on the underlying cause of death for all confirmed or suspected PLCO cancers. A death review committee with a nonvoting chair and three experienced reviewers as members has been appointed. After an initial pilot study, the procedures have been instituted and are working well.

14. DOCID:7997 SCORE: 0.00396615813637199
DOCNO: 78006
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: complications
QUALIFIER: epidemiology
QUALIFIER: complications
AUTHOR: A J McMichael AJ
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Lancet.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: Increases in laryngeal cancer in Britain and Australia in relation to alcohol and tobacco consumption trends.
PUBDATE: 19780601
The incidence of laryngeal and oesophageal cancers has recently risen in Britain and Australia, particularly in younger people, after many decades of steady decline. In view of accruing evidence that head-and-neck cancers are causally related to alcohol and tobacco consumption, particularly in combination, it seems that the upsurge in consumption of alcohol and cigarettes after the 1939-45 war is now reflected in the increases in these two cancers, particularly in young women. The time-trends in sex-specific mortality from cancers of the larynx and oesophagus throughout this century, in both Britain and Australia, show strong correlations with alcohol consumption. By reference to inter-country differences in consumption trends, to differences in consumption of alcohol and cigarettes, to sex differences in cigarette consumption, to trends in types of alcoholic drink consumed, and to the mortality experienced of successive generations, the evidence that alcohol is causally related to laryngeal cancer is strengthened.