0. DOCID:23746 SCORE: 0.00276680153712798
DOCNO: 8623719
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Postmenopause
DESCRIPTOR: Vagina
QUALIFIER: ultrasonography
AUTHOR: A M Weissman AM
AUTHOR: T J Barloon TJ
AFFILIATION: Department of Family Practice, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City 52242, USA.
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
PUBTYPE: Review
JOURNALTITLE: American family physician.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Transvaginal ultrasonography in nonpregnant and postmenopausal women.
PUBDATE: 19960501
Compared with transabdominal pelvic ultrasonography, transvaginal ultrasonography provides improved resolution for visualization of female pelvic organs, with less artifact. Transvaginal ultrasonography has superseded the transabdominal approach in many situations. Identification of uterine and adnexal masses can be facilitated with use of transvaginal ultrasonography. Transvaginal ultrasonography is also useful in the evaluation of pelvic pain and suspected pelvic inflammatory disease. Postmenopausal patients with vaginal bleeding or a palpable ovary can be triaged on the basis of transvaginal ultrasonographic findings, avoiding invasive diagnostic procedures in selected patients. Screening average-risk patients for ovarian cancer is not an accepted indication for transvaginal ultrasonography at this time.

1. DOCID:23856 SCORE: 0.00275134020908748
DOCNO: 7602777
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: analysis
QUALIFIER: analysis
AUTHOR: T Hayakawa T
AUTHOR: S Naruse S
AUTHOR: M Kitagawa M
AUTHOR: T Kondo T
AFFILIATION: 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Nagoya University School of Medicine.
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
PUBTYPE: Review
JOURNALTITLE: Nippon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine.
COUNTRY: JAPAN
TITLE: [Elastase]
PUBDATE: 19950501
Elastases are unique among the proteases in that they are capable of hydrolyzing the scleroprotein elastin. The enzymes include pancreatic elastases 1 (Protease E) and 2, and neutrophil elastase. These three elastases also have esterase and amidase activity toward synthetic substrates such as succinyl-trialanine-p-nitroanilide. Although the three enzymes are similar to each other in enzyme activity, they are quite different in immunoactivity. Therefore, each elastase has its own specific immunoassay either by RIA or EIA. Serum immunoreactive pancreatic elastases reflect disease conditions of pancreatic diseases, especially acute pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. On the other hand, serum neutrophil elastase increases in various inflammatory diseases or conditions.

2. DOCID:21384 SCORE: 0.0026727349084393
DOCNO: 8741467
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Stents
QUALIFIER: complications
QUALIFIER: therapy
AUTHOR: T Ojika T
AUTHOR: N Mukouyama N
AUTHOR: T Murata T
AUTHOR: H Hasegawa H
AFFILIATION: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nagoya Daini Red Cross Hospital, Japan.
PUBTYPE: Case Reports
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Kyobu geka. The Japanese journal of thoracic surgery.
COUNTRY: JAPAN
TITLE: [A case report of relapsed esophageal cancer with tracheal stenosis treated with expandable metallic stent placement]
PUBDATE: 19960801
A 63-year-old male who suffered from relapsed esophageal cancer in the thoracic lymphonode causing severe tracheal stenosis, was treated by expandable metallic stent (EMS) placement. Dyspnea has disappeared immediately after EMS placement and the patient has been free from dyspnea until his death. EMS has been very effective for the therapy of tracheal stenosis by esophageal cancer.

3. DOCID:21412 SCORE: 0.00267273309165572
DOCNO: 8858767
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Gene Therapy
DESCRIPTOR: Pediatrics
DESCRIPTOR: Surgery
AUTHOR: M L Brandt ML
AFFILIATION: Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
PUBTYPE: Review
JOURNALTITLE: Seminars in pediatric surgery.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Gene therapy in pediatric surgery.
PUBDATE: 19960801
Gene transfer has become a reality during the last decade. The basic principles of molecular biology, gene transfer, and the problems associated with this new technology have direct implications for the treatment of pediatric surgical patients. Research into applications of gene transfer in the treatment of disorders of the bone marrow, cancer, hemophilia, hepatic and metabolic disease, cystic fibrosis, and vascular disease is rapidly progressing. These areas of research may dramatically affect the care of pediatric surgical patients in the future.

4. DOCID:22604 SCORE: 0.00257768386546615
DOCNO: 9639728
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: drug therapy
QUALIFIER: therapeutic use
QUALIFIER: drug therapy
QUALIFIER: therapeutic use
AUTHOR: C Chen C
AUTHOR: Z Hua Z
AUTHOR: X Jin X
AFFILIATION: Shanghai Ruijin Hospital.
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Zhonghua fu chan ke za zhi.
COUNTRY: CHINA
TITLE: [The mechanisms of progesterone treatment on endometrial carcinoma]
PUBDATE: 19970701
OBJECTIVE: To study the mechanisms of the exogenic progestrerone treatment on endometrial carcinoma. METHODS: We observed the morphologic changes of the endometrial cancer cells treated by exogenic progesterone with light and electronic microscopy. RESULTS: The main changes of the tumor cell treated were well differentiation, increase in secretory activity and apoptosis of tumor cells. CONCLUSIONS: Progesterone may directly affect tumor cells, inhibit the growth of tumor cells and lead to well differentiation. Clinically with preoperative and postoperative progesterone therapy, it can decrease the peritoneum implantation and metastasis, and also decrease the recurrence after operation.

5. DOCID:22072 SCORE: 0.00211142196525549
DOCNO: 7587658
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Fishes
DESCRIPTOR: Food Preservation
QUALIFIER: analysis
QUALIFIER: toxicity
AUTHOR: C Sun C
AUTHOR: B Chen B
AUTHOR: S Wang S
AFFILIATION: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Harbin Medical University.
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine].
COUNTRY: CHINA
TITLE: [Mutagenicity of tyramine extracted from salted dried fish in high-risk area of gastric cancer in Zhuanghe county]
PUBDATE: 19950701
Content of tyramine was determined in salted and dried small fish collected from high-risk area of gastric cancer in Zhuanghe County, Liaoning Province with high pressure liquid chromatography, and its mutagenicity after nitrosification was assayed. Results showed content of tyramine in the fish correlated significantly with its mutagenicity (r = 0.993, and P < 0.01). And, tyramine extracted from the fish was verified by thin layer chromatography.

6. DOCID:22881 SCORE: 0.0019431519521063
DOCNO: 9159788
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: African Americans
QUALIFIER: ethnology
AUTHOR: I J Powell IJ
AFFILIATION: Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
PUBTYPE: Review
JOURNALTITLE: Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.)
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Prostate cancer and African-American men.
PUBDATE: 19970501
Mortality from prostate cancer is two to three times greater among African-American men between the ages of 50 and 70 than among American Caucasian men of similar ages. Also, African-Americans tend to present with more advanced tumors than their American Caucasian counterparts. This article explores differences between the two races that may account for the disproportionately high mortality among African-Americans and their more advanced disease stage at presentation. These include epidemiologic and histologic features of prostate cancer; clinical, biologic, and environmental factors; and barriers to health care. Various important issues that warrant further investigation are also highlighted.

7. DOCID:21866 SCORE: 0.0018792962537038
DOCNO: 8686072
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: adverse effects
QUALIFIER: injuries
QUALIFIER: surgery
AUTHOR: M Rolff M
AUTHOR: T Bang T
AUTHOR: E Bostofte E
AUTHOR: J T Andersen JT
AFFILIATION: Gynaekologisk-obstetrisk afdeling, Hvidovre Hospital.
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Ugeskrift for laeger.
COUNTRY: DENMARK
TITLE: [Lesions of the ureter in radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer]
PUBDATE: 19960601
Eight ureter lesions of the ureter occurred among 100 consecutive patients undergoing radical hysterectomy for cancer of the uterine cervix. The management of this problem is discussed, and treatment guidelines for the most commonly seen lesions are proposed. It is concluded that a more liberal use of ureteric stents or catheters should be considered so as to reduce the number of ureteric lesions occurring in connection with radical hysterectomy. Urological assistance should be sought for urological lesions recognized during or after such operations.

8. DOCID:22966 SCORE: 0.00179521868568131
DOCNO: 9170666
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Family Practice
DESCRIPTOR: Mass Screening
QUALIFIER: prevention & control
AUTHOR: D Weller D
AFFILIATION: Epidemiology Unit, Flinders University of South Australia.
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Australian family physician.
COUNTRY: AUSTRALIA
TITLE: Cancer screening in general practice.
PUBDATE: 19970501
Screening for cancer is the focus of increasing interest and activity in general practice. Where clear evidence and guidelines are available, the GP has a key role in the promotion of screening. Where the evidence is inconclusive, GPs are faced with the more difficult task of negotiating screening decisions with their patients which reflect this uncertainty and incorporate patients' preferences. GPs play a central role in cancer screening in Australia, whether or not they actually provide the tests. Critical activities include the provision of information and coordination of the screening process. On-going education and skill development in this area is, therefore, a high priority for Australian GPs.

9. DOCID:23648 SCORE: 0.00179378575100827
DOCNO: 8706561
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: blood
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: metabolism
AUTHOR: W Pei W
AUTHOR: R Jing R
AUTHOR: Z Lixia Z
AFFILIATION: Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu.
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Zhonghua wai ke za zhi [Chinese journal of surgery].
COUNTRY: CHINA
TITLE: [Clinical studies on changes in sexual hormones and estrogen receptor in patients with gynecomastia]
PUBDATE: 19950801
Levels of serum testosterone (T), estradiol (E2), and estrogen receptor (ER) in the tissue were detected by radioimmunoassay and immunohistochemical method (ABC technique) in 46 patients with gynecomastia. The results showed that rise of E2 and E2/T is a whole-body etiologic factor of hypertrophy of male breast, and the positive rate of ER is an important local etiologic factor of gynecomastia. E2 and ER have aosynergism effect on onset and development of gynecomastia and cause the ductal cell hyperplasia of male breast. It should be alerted whether it can cause male breast cancer.

10. DOCID:23851 SCORE: 0.00179308871404525
DOCNO: 8532969
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: veterinary
QUALIFIER: veterinary
AUTHOR: D E Thrall DE
AUTHOR: G S Ibbott GS
AFFILIATION: Department of Anatomy, Physiological Sciences and Radiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, USA.
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
PUBTYPE: Review
JOURNALTITLE: Seminars in veterinary medicine and surgery (small animal).
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Physics and treatment planning.
PUBDATE: 19950801
Small changes in delivered radiation dose may have a dramatic effect on the probability of treatment success or complications. Also, radiation therapy is stressful for animal patients, and the treatment procedure results in the consumption of many resources making it expensive for the pet owner. Thus, it is critical that individuals administering radiation therapy to pets with cancer have a sound understanding of the basic physical principles of matter and ionizing radiation, as well as an appreciation for the nuances of treatment planning. In this article, these topics are reviewed and illustrations are provided to aid in the understanding of important principles.

11. DOCID:23895 SCORE: 0.00179308871358551
DOCNO: 9270441
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: anatomy & histology
QUALIFIER: anatomy & histology
AUTHOR: A Ferlito A
AUTHOR: J Olofsson J
AUTHOR: A Rinaldo A
AFFILIATION: Department of Otolaryngology, University of Padua, Italy.
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Barrier between the supraglottis and the glottis: myth or reality?
PUBDATE: 19970801
Controversial opinions on the existence of a "barrier" between the supraglottic and glottic regions of the larynx are reported. Even if the two areas have different embryological derivations, there is no anatomic evidence of a "barrier" that could prevent supraglottic cancer from extending downward to the glottis. Numerous adequate pathologic studies, including whole organ sections, confirm that for advanced cancers, anatomic compartments delimiting the spread of the neoplastic process from the supraglottis to the glottis do not exist. Therefore, supraglottic laryngectomy should be performed not on the basis of embryological considerations, but on the basis of the actual extension of the neoplastic lesion.

12. DOCID:23412 SCORE: 0.00179057821507021
DOCNO: 8958679
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: enzymology
QUALIFIER: biosynthesis
QUALIFIER: biosynthesis
QUALIFIER: enzymology
AUTHOR: M Nakao M
AUTHOR: T Kodama T
AUTHOR: M Sasaki M
AUTHOR: K Kuroda K
AFFILIATION: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hirakata City Hospital, Osaka, Japan.
PUBTYPE: Case Reports
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Kyobu geka. The Japanese journal of thoracic surgery.
COUNTRY: JAPAN
TITLE: [A case of ectopic amylase-producing lung cancer]
PUBDATE: 19961201
A case of amylase-producing lung cancer is reported. A 58-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of abnormal shadow on chest X-rays. Transbronchial lung biopsy showed adenocarcinoma at the right upper lobe. Amylase levels were elevated to 915 IU/l in the serum and 960 IU/l in urine. Amylase isozyme pattern identified "salivary-type" amylase. Right upper lobectomy was performed. Both serum and urine, amylase levels were decreased within normal limits after operation. Enzyme labeled immunoperoxidase method on this specimen proved that tumor cells were producing amylase ectopically.

13. DOCID:23488 SCORE: 0.00179057801430363
DOCNO: 8801697
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: chemically induced
QUALIFIER: adverse effects
AUTHOR: K Bennicke K
AUTHOR: C G Conrad CG
AUTHOR: S Sabroe S
AUTHOR: H T Sørensen HT
AFFILIATION: Hjørring Sygehus, røntgenafdelingen.
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Ugeskrift for laeger.
COUNTRY: DENMARK
TITLE: [Smoking and breast cancer]
PUBDATE: 19960801
Two hypotheses have been suggested concerning the relationship between smoking and breast cancer: 1) smoking has a protective effect on the development of breast cancer because of an anti-oestrogenic effect; 2) smoking increases the risk of breast cancer because of a direct carcinogenic effect. The present study examined the relationship between smoking and breast cancer in 3240 women who were referred for mammography. There was no support for the first hypothesis. In contrast, women had an increased risk of developing breast cancer after 30 years of smoking with a relative risk of 1.6, and smokers with breast cancer were eight years younger than non-smokers with breast cancer.

14. DOCID:20966 SCORE: 0.00177128146658573
DOCNO: 7666477
AUTHOR: M S Rhyu MS
AFFILIATION: National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
PUBTYPE: Review
JOURNALTITLE: Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Telomeres, telomerase, and immortality.
PUBDATE: 19950601
A current hypothesis gaining prominence proposes that activation of the enzyme telomerase is necessary for cells to become immortal, or capable of proliferating indefinitely. The theory suggests that almost all cancer cells must attain immortality for progression to malignant states and, hence, require activation of telomerase. This article reviews the function and formation of telomeres as background to evaluating the "telomere hypothesis." Experiments in support of and experiments that challenge the hypothesis are examined. Possible approaches to telomerase inhibition are discussed.