0. DOCID:7889 SCORE: 0.00383330784435466
DOCNO: 6112486
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Enzyme Tests
QUALIFIER: enzymology
QUALIFIER: analysis
QUALIFIER: analysis
QUALIFIER: diagnosis
AUTHOR: K Rogers K
AUTHOR: G M Roberts GM
AUTHOR: G T Williams GT
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Lancet.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: Gastric-juice enzymes--an aid in the diagnosis of gastric cancer?
PUBDATE: 19810501
Lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and beta-glucuronidase concentrations were measured in the resting gastric juice of 113 patients presenting with dyspepsia. All patients were investigated by double-contrast barium meal, endoscopy with biopsy, and, when appropriate, by laparotomy. In all patients tested there was a positive correlation between LDH and beta-glucuronidase concentrations. An index derived from the two enzyme activities correctly predicted the presence of gastric carcinoma in 41 out of 42 cases, and identified the only 2 cases of early gastric cancer in the series. There were 13 (11.5%) false-positive results, all in cases with extensive intestinal metaplasia, a change which may be associated with an increased risk of gastric malignancy. The measurement of gastric-juice enzymes is useful in the diagnosis of gastric cancer and may be of value in the identification of high-risk groups. The test is easily performed, inexpensive, and reproducible.

1. DOCID:3082 SCORE: 0.0037320523775277
DOCNO: 588853
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: epidemiology
AUTHOR: M L Newhouse ML
AUTHOR: R M Pearson RM
AUTHOR: J M Fullerton JM
AUTHOR: E A Boesen EA
AUTHOR: H S Shannon HS
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: British journal of preventive & social medicine.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: A case control study of carcinoma of the ovary.
PUBDATE: 19770901
There is increased concern over the apparent rise in incidence of patients with carcinoma of the ovary, particularly in older women. In an attempt to identify aetiological factors 300 women with cancer of the ovary diagnosed at laparatomy were studied. A questionnaire was administered to these women (Group A) and to two control groups matched by age. The first control group (Group B) comprised patients in a gynaecological ward and the second (Group C) comprised were shown in the obstetric history of the three groups. Fewer of the women in Group A had married and fewer had ever been pregnant and the family size was smaller. Significantly fewer of them recollected an attack of mumps, measles, or rubella. In all, only 81 of the whole series of 900 had used oral contraceptives, 19 of Group A and 31 in each of the control groups, a statistically significant deficiency. These findings support those of other investigations and suggest lines of further inquiry.

2. DOCID:2813 SCORE: 0.003548268767077
DOCNO: 195503
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: surgery
QUALIFIER: surgery
QUALIFIER: surgery
AUTHOR: J L Sawyers JL
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: The American surgeon.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Current management of carcinoma of the anus and perianus.
PUBDATE: 19770701
Malignant lesions of the anus and perianus account for 2.4% of malignant cancers of the colon, rectum, and anus. Based on our experience with 56 patients as well as a review of the recent literature, the following recommendations are made: Bowen's disease, Paget's extramammary disease, basal cell, and perianal epidermoid carcinomas arise in the perianus, rarely metastasize, and may be managed by wide local excision. Cloacogenic transitional cell (basaloid squamous carcinoma) and the more common epidermoid anal canal tumors require abdominoperineal resection with wide perineal excision. Therapeutic groin dissection is indicated if the inguinal nodes are or become the site of metastases, but prophylactic groin dissection is not indicated. The five-year survival for epidermoid carcinoma of anus treated by abdominoperineal resection ranges from 40 to 58%. Improvement in survival rate will require early recognition by the patient and early diagnosis and treatment by the physician. Delay in diagnosis occurs because cancer is not considered frequently enough as a possible cause for the patient's symptoms.

3. DOCID:7572 SCORE: 0.0035272259323798
DOCNO: 7004629
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: therapeutic use
QUALIFIER: drug therapy
QUALIFIER: metabolism
AUTHOR: B A Samal BA
AUTHOR: S C Brooks SC
AUTHOR: G Cummings G
AUTHOR: L Franco L
AUTHOR: E A Hire EA
AUTHOR: S Martino S
AUTHOR: A Singhakowinta A
AUTHOR: V K Vaitkevicius VK
PUBTYPE: Clinical Trial
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Estrogen receptors and responsiveness of advanced breast cancer to chemotherapy.
PUBDATE: 19801201
We reviewed 89 patients with disseminated breast cancer who had at least one valid estrogen receptor (ER) assay and who underwent one or several trials of chemotherapy. The responses were assessed by two independent extramural reviewers. Of the 89 patients, 81 were evaluable; 28 of 36 (77.8) ER-positive (ER+) and 28 of 45 (60.7%) ER-negative (ER-) tumors reached at least one remission. Of patients who had received Adriamycin-containing therapy, 13/20 (65%) ER+ and 12/34 (35.3%) ER-tumors experienced a remission . ER+ breast cancer tends to respond better to Adriamycin-containing combinations than ER-negative tumors. This study does not support the thesis that lack of estrogen receptor in breast cancer predicts favorable for response to chemotherapy.

4. DOCID:3847 SCORE: 0.00351100137556236
DOCNO: 870998
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: therapy
AUTHOR: J C Weed JC
AUTHOR: J B Holland JB
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Surgery, gynecology & obstetrics.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Combined irradiation and extensive operations in the treatment of stages I and II carcinoma of the cervix uteri.
PUBDATE: 19770601
Since 1947, carcinoma of the cervix uteri, Stage I, has been treated at the Ochsner Clinic with intracavitary irradiation and a radical hysterectomy--Wertheim type--and pelvic node dissection. If metastasis to the lymph node is demonstrated, external irradiation is administered postoperatively. Carcinoma of the cervix uteri, Stage II, has been treated with intracavitary radium and external radiation, followed by the same surgical procedure. All patients were treated surgically, except those with medical conditions precluding extensive operation. Five and ten year survival rates for Stage I cancer were 81.5 and 68.7 per cent, respectively; for Stage II, these rates were 64.5 per cent and 54.0 per cent, respectively. There were moderate complications from the combined therapy, with a ureteral fistula rate of 1.9 per cent. Although the combined use of irradiation and operation for carcinoma of the cervix uteri has been looked upon in this country with disfavor because of poor healing and complications, we have not found this to be so. With improvement of both radiation therapy and surgical management, these patients can be offered treatment based upon sound physiologic principles and can live in freedom from fear of recurrence in later years. The outlook is good for continued improvement in the complication rate, surgical technique and possibly, chemotherapy.

5. DOCID:3877 SCORE: 0.00337170579316868
DOCNO: 1001864
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: analysis
QUALIFIER: blood
AUTHOR: S Onizawa S
AUTHOR: S Watanabe S
AUTHOR: T Yagura T
AUTHOR: M Yasutomi M
AUTHOR: Y Yamamura Y
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Gann = Gan.
COUNTRY: JAPAN
TITLE: Radioimmunoassay of carcinoembryonic antigen and clinical significance of its level in plasma.
PUBDATE: 19760601
The level of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in the plasma was measured in 258 patients, consisting of 198 patients with various cancers and 60 with various non-malignant diseases. As the normal control, the plasma CEA level was examined in 330 apparently healthy individuals and the value was 3.1 +/- 1.1 ng/ml on the average. If the level higher than 4.2 ng/ml could be assumed to be above the normal, 109 out of 198 (55%) patients with malignant diseases were considered to show abnormally elevated CEA values. Based on the above criterion, the CEA titer was abnormally elevated only in 11 out of 60 cases (18%) without cancers. Among cancerous patients, the ones with carcinomas of the digestive tract and the lung exhibited a positive titer of CEA higher than 10.1 ng/ml. When the relationship between the plasma CEA level and histological findings in patients with lung cancer was examined, cases with the adenocarcinoma had more elevated titers than those with any other types of lung cancer. It was also found, by the serial estimation of plasma CEA, that the titer dropped after a successful therapy but elevated again with the recurrence of cancer. Repeated estimation of Cea is thought to be valuable as an indicator for clinical phases of cancer patients.

6. DOCID:7869 SCORE: 0.00317947720334924
DOCNO: 689839
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Aminobiphenyl Compounds
QUALIFIER: chemically induced
QUALIFIER: chemically induced
QUALIFIER: chemically induced
AUTHOR: N L Block NL
AUTHOR: M M Sigel MM
AUTHOR: C M Lynne CM
AUTHOR: A B Ng AB
AUTHOR: R A Grosberg RA
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Investigative urology.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: The initiation, progress, and diagnosis of dog bladder cancer induced by 4-aminobiphenyl.
PUBDATE: 19780701
Twenty-four beagles received 4-aminobiphenyl orally 5 days a week for 3 years. The dogs were examined cytoscopically at frequent intervals. Biopsy and surgery were performed according to predetermined criteria. Three basic patterns of carcinogen responses were seen. Negative or minimal disease was seen in four dogs. Of these, two remained completely free of neoplasia. Eleven dogs progressed slowly in their development of neoplasia with minor fluctuations in development. A rapidly progressive pattern was observed in the remaining nine dogs. A large variance in the time of onset of the first positive diagnosis of neoplasia was seen. Eleven dogs underwent surgery ranging from tumor sampling to cystectomy plus ureterosigmoidostomy. Histologic types and grades and patterns of metastasis as well as several other characteristics seemed to parallel closely human bladder cancer.

7. DOCID:5572 SCORE: 0.00268422723944653
DOCNO: 7281100
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: diagnosis
QUALIFIER: cytology
AUTHOR: F Hartveit F
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Thorax.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: Time and place for sputum cytology in the diagnosis of lung cancer.
PUBDATE: 19810401
Despite ready access to medical care 91% of patients dying of lung cancer derived from a population of just under 400 000 are shown to have presented too late for other than palliative treatment. As the incidence and death rates from lung cancer in the district were very similar, few survivors can be expected. Morphological confirmation of the diagnosis was available in 96% of cases. The first positive morphological diagnosis was obtained from sputum cytology taken on admission in 69% of all cases and in 77% of those in whom there had been delay in diagnosis. More extensive use of this investigation on an outpatient basis is urged.

8. DOCID:7562 SCORE: 0.00263984903420587
DOCNO: 6115157
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: adverse effects
QUALIFIER: epidemiology
AUTHOR: L J Vernick LJ
AUTHOR: L H Kuller LH
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Lancet.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: Cholecystectomy and right-sided colon cancer: an epidemiological study.
PUBDATE: 19810801
The relation between prior cholecystectomy and right-sided colon cancer was investigated in a case-control study of 150 patients with histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the caecum or ascending colon and of two comparison groups. One comparison group consisted of 150 patients, matched for age, sex, and race, who had histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the descending or sigmoid colon and the other of 123 neighbourhood controls. Compared with left-sided cancer controls, the right-sided colon cancer cases had a relative risk of 1.87 for colon cancer after cholecystectomy. The relative risk was 1.86 when they were compared with the neighbourhood controls. When compared with both control groups relative risk was 1.77, with 95% confidence limits of 0.95 and 3.3 (p = 0.07). The increased risk of right-sided colon cancer after cholecystectomy may be associated with changes in biliary metabolism occurring after removal of a gall bladder.

9. DOCID:2891 SCORE: 0.00262508759865255
DOCNO: 870301
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: drug therapy
QUALIFIER: therapeutic use
QUALIFIER: therapeutic use
AUTHOR: B Henningsen B
AUTHOR: H Amberger H
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)
COUNTRY: GERMANY, WEST
TITLE: [Anti-oestrogen treatment of metastasising carcinoma of the breast (author's transl)]
PUBDATE: 19770501
Within a period of four years 35 patients with metastatic breast cancer were treated with tamoxifen. One third had objective remissions, average duration of complete remission being 30.6 months and of partial remission 13.7 months. Mean survival time from start of tamoxifen treatment in five patients with complete remission was 30.6 months while in seven with partial remission it was 20.4 months. Nine patients with unresponsive metastases had a mean survival time of 24.3 months, the remaining 14 patients who deteriorated surviving for 11.7 months. Ten of the 12 patients who responded well were over 60 years old. Lymph-node and lung or pleural metastases were significantly reduced by treatment in four of eight and six of 15 cases, respectively. Satisfactory regression of bony metastases was never seen. Because of this, combined tamoxifen (10 mg twice daily) and methandrostenolone (1 mg twice daily) was given to an additional five patients, with one of them responding. Side effects included thrombocytopenia and hypercalcaemia.

10. DOCID:7826 SCORE: 0.00250536086587062
DOCNO: 737187
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: DNA Repair
DESCRIPTOR: Ultraviolet Rays
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: radiation effects
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: metabolism
AUTHOR: F E Ahmed FE
AUTHOR: R B Setlow RB
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Biochimica et biophysica acta.
COUNTRY: NETHERLANDS
TITLE: Excision repair in ataxia telangiectasia, Fanconi's anemia, Cockayne syndrome, and Bloom's syndrome after treatment with ultraviolet radiation and N-acetoxy-2-acetylaminofluorene.
PUBDATE: 19781201
Excision repair of damage due to ultraviolet radiation, N-acetoxy-2-acetyl-aminofluorene and a combination of both agents was studied in normal human fibroblasts and various cells from cancer prone patients (ataxia telangiectasia, Fanconi's anemia, Cockayne syndrome and Bloom's syndrome). Three methods giving similar results were used: unscheduled DNA synthesis by radioautography, photolysis of bromodeoxyuridine incorporated into parental DNA during repari, and loss of sites sensitive to an ultraviolet endonuclease. All cell lines were proficient in repair of ultraviolet and acetoxy acetylaminofluorene damage and at saturation doses of both agents repair was additive. We interpret these data as indicating that the rate limiting step in excision repair of ultraviolet and acetoxy acetylaminofluorene is different and that there are different enzyme(s) working on incision of both types of damages.

11. DOCID:3769 SCORE: 0.0024718551987636
DOCNO: 955744
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: therapy
AUTHOR: A S Morrison AS
AUTHOR: C R Lowe CR
AUTHOR: B MacMahon B
AUTHOR: B Ravnihar B
AUTHOR: S Yuasa S
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer.
COUNTRY: DENMARK
TITLE: Some international differences in treatment and survival in breast cancer.
PUBDATE: 19760901
In a recent study, 5-year survival rates for breast cancer patients in Boston (Massachusetts), Glamorgan (Wales), Slovenia (Yugoslavia) and Tokyo (Japan) were 57.3%, 49.5%, 41.9% and 74.9%, respectively. In this report, data are presented on the types of treatment used in the four areas and on the relationship of differences in treatment practices to the differences in survival rates. Generally, surgically treated patients who also had radiotherapy had lower survival rates than patients in the same area who had similar operations without radiotherapy. In each area, the survival rate was higher for patients who had radical mastectomy than for those who had simple mastectomy. The Japanese patients had the highest survival rate within nearly every treatment and extent-treatment category. Thus, the high survival rate of these patients was not explained by the variables considered. Survival differences between Boston, Glamorgan and Slovenia were largely explained by differences in extent of disease and type of treatment. As the nature of the treatment--survival trends was consistent with the interpretation that treatment tended to be selected according to apparent prognosis, the degree to which treatment customs were determinants of the differences in survival rate among the three areas is uncertain.

12. DOCID:2446 SCORE: 0.00244606086449927
DOCNO: 1101918
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: pathology
AUTHOR: J A Van Unnik JA
AUTHOR: K Breur K
AUTHOR: J M Burgers JM
AUTHOR: F Cleton F
AUTHOR: A A Hart AA
AUTHOR: W F Kroese WF
AUTHOR: R Somers R
AUTHOR: J M Van Turnhout JM
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: British journal of cancer.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: Non-Hodgkin's lymphomata: clinical features in relation to histology.
PUBDATE: 19750301
An analysis is given of the clinico-pathological correlations of non-Hodgkin's lymphomata in 332 patients referred to the Netherlands Cancer Institute in Amsterdam and the Rotterdam Radiotherapy Institute. Clinical staging proved to be an important prognostic index. In Stage I the 5 year survival was 55%, in Stage II 25% and in Stages III and IV less than 10%. The presence of follicular structures in non-Hodgkin's lymphomata has similarly an important prognostic significance especially in Stage I and II. In lymphocytic lymphomata a larger cell size is correlated with less favourable prognosis. The presence of macrophages in non-Hodgkin's lymphomata is found in patients with short survival. The histiocytic lymphomata have a different survival pattern from the lymphocytic lymphomata in Stages I and II.

13. DOCID:2132 SCORE: 0.00231148207705201
DOCNO: 588124
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: surgery
QUALIFIER: surgery
QUALIFIER: methods
AUTHOR: D E Feldman DE
AUTHOR: E L Applebaum EL
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Archives of otolaryngology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960)
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: The submandibular triangle in radical neck dissection.
PUBDATE: 19771201
Various modifications of the standard radical neck dissection operation have been advocated since its original description. An ideal operation would offer maximum cure rates with minimal cosmetic and functional disturbance. The validity of removing the submandibular triangle contents as part of radical neck dissection was studied by analyzing the involvement of this region by metastatic squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck. Only three of the 51 neck-dissection specimens that were examined contained metastases to submandibular triangle lymph nodes. The primary sites were nose, floor of mouth, and retromolar trigone. None of the 26 laryngeal tumors in this series had spread to the submandibular triangle. In the absence of palpable submandibular or upper, deep cervical lymph nodes, the contents of the submandibular triangle can probably be left undisturbed in radical neck dissections for laryngeal cancer.

14. DOCID:7986 SCORE: 0.00226666069947281
DOCNO: 6772295
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Parenteral Nutrition
DESCRIPTOR: Parenteral Nutrition, Total
QUALIFIER: therapy
QUALIFIER: administration & dosage
QUALIFIER: administration & dosage
AUTHOR: T Tominaga T
AUTHOR: T Onodera T
AUTHOR: M Kitamura M
AUTHOR: H Kaneko H
AUTHOR: K Hayashi K
AUTHOR: I Takahashi I
AUTHOR: I Itoh I
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Combined treatment by chemotherapy and intravenous hyperalimentation in Japanese patients with advanced breast cancer.
PUBDATE: 19800801
To treat advanced breast cancer that proved refractory to endocrine therapy or other forms of chemotherapy, we administered intravenous administration of adriamycin every 3--4 weeks, in principle, at a dose of 100 mg per 50 kg body weight (total dose, 300--400 mg). At the same time, 50 mg of cyclophosphamide was administered orally every day. In all cases, concomitant hyperalimentation treatment, which is considered an effective method for ameliorating the toxicity of the chemotherapeutic treatment, became necessary. Of 13 cases so treated, 10 showed significant improvement. It was almost impossible in general to administer such a dosage of adriamycin with cyclophosphamide to Japanese patients with advanced breast cancer, since the treatment brought on severe side effects such as depletion of oral intake and suppression of bone marrow function.