0. DOCID:3562 SCORE: 0.0087787700234855
DOCNO: 558345
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: analysis
QUALIFIER: diagnosis
AUTHOR: M Fleisher M
AUTHOR: H Grabstald H
AUTHOR: W F Whitmore WF
AUTHOR: C M Pinsky CM
AUTHOR: H F Oettgen HF
AUTHOR: M K Schwartz MK
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: The Journal of urology.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: The clinical utility of plasma and urinary carcinoembryonic antigen in patients with genitourinary disease.
PUBDATE: 19770501
Carcinoembryonic antigen was measured in the urine and plasma of 108 patients with several types and various stages of genitourinary cancer. The value of the carcinoembryonic antigen assay as an early indicator of neoplastic disease was evaluated and a correlation was made between the extent of disease and the concentration of urinary and plasma carcinoembryonic antigen. Patients were classified according to stage of tumor involvement as follows: no evidence of disease, non-malignant disease, non-invasive disease, no known metastasis, regional metastasis and disseminated metastasis. The urinary carcinoembryonic antigen levels more closely paralleled the extent of disease than did the plasma carcinoembryonic antigen levels in patients with bladder cancer. Neither urinary nor plasma carcinoembryonic antigen levels were useful in assessing the extent of disease in patients with prostatic or testicular cancer. Studies related to microbiological interference in the carcinoembryonic antigen assay indicated that bacterial counts up to 10(5) organisms per ml. did not interfere. Cytological studies indicated that the presence of white blood cells, atypical cells and malignant cells could result in elevated urinary carcinoembryonic antigen levels.

1. DOCID:3903 SCORE: 0.00699495568658177
DOCNO: 12259609
OWNER: PIP
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Age Factors
DESCRIPTOR: Androgens
DESCRIPTOR: Estrogens
DESCRIPTOR: Men
DESCRIPTOR: Menopause
DESCRIPTOR: Psychology
DESCRIPTOR: Sexual Behavior
DESCRIPTOR: Women
AUTHOR: R B Greenblatt RB
AUTHOR: R Witherington R
AUTHOR: I B Sipahioglu IB
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Drug therapy.
COUNTRY: United States
TITLE: Hormones for improved sexuality in the male and female climacteric.
PUBDATE: 19760901
In the perimenopausal period, estrogen falls to 1/3 or 1/2 of the levels found in premenopausal women, serum and urinary gonadotropins rise 6- to 10-fold, and the vaginal mucosa undergoes regressive changes; this state is referred to as the menopausal syndrome. Similarly, aging men often experience psychosexual and physical problems. Testosterone levels fall while estrogen rises. Gonadotropin levels do not rise if any spermatogenic function remains. Estrogen replacement therapy for women may simulate proliferation of the endometrium which might evolve into neoplasia. Estrogen-androgen (EA) preparations have been most acceptable and effective. Hormones implanted sc at 6-month intervals have been effective, particularly in women who have undergone hysterectomy. A potent oral progestogen should be given for 5-7 days at monthly intervals to induce orderly withddrawal symptoms. For men, androgens may exacerbate the growth of a cancer already present. Androgens for the male climacteric have given beneficial results when taken in adequate dosage; but in younger men who complain of impotence favorable results have not often been obtained. While other factors play important roles, testosterone is a true aphrodisiac for both men and women. For frigidity in women psycchogenic factors are often more important. For men under age 50 psychogenic block may also be a most important factor.

2. DOCID:2615 SCORE: 0.00469343739131181
DOCNO: 1173080
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: therapy
AUTHOR: A F Hoge AF
AUTHOR: M T Shaw MT
AUTHOR: R H Bottomley RH
AUTHOR: J M Hartsuck JM
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Therapeutic regimens in advanced breast cancer.
PUBDATE: 19750301
A retrospective study of the methods of treatment in 98 patients with advanced breast cancer over the past five years showed striking differences in remission rates, duration of remissions, and overall survival according to the method of treatment. Adrenalectomy and oophorectomy produced remissions in 58% of patients, with a median duration of 22 months. Survival curves were impressive and favored the surgically ablated group, who had a median survival of 32 months. Sixty-seven percent of responders continue to survive at four years. Chemotherapy with single agents produced remissions in 30% of patients, having a median duration of nine months. Additive endocrine therapy produced 33% to 36% remission rates, with median durations of 12 to 16 months. Responses were more frequent and longer lasting in older patients. Radiotherapy, when used without supplemental therapy, resulted in good local control, but a short median survival of 7.5 months.

3. DOCID:3973 SCORE: 0.00392537187126665
DOCNO: 558818
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Counseling
DESCRIPTOR: Family Planning Services
AUTHOR: A G Dawrant AG
PUBTYPE: Letter
JOURNALTITLE: Canadian Medical Association journal.
COUNTRY: CANADA
TITLE: Family planning and birth control counseling.
PUBDATE: 19770601
The following item appeared recently in our local newspaper: "The Federal Government plans to press the provinces to establish special abortion clinics that would also provide family planning services, Health Minister Marc Lalonde announced. The proposed clinics would combine abortion services with family planning and birth control counseling, cancer screening and other services related to the health of mothers, he said." It seems that the federal government is attempting to cover the bitter pill of a therapeutic abortion clinic with the sugar coating of family planning and contraceptive counseling. Family planning and contraceptive counseling is an important part of the day-to-day work of the great majority of family physicians and gynecologists, and I urge all physicians who are opposed to Mr. Lalonde's proposal to contact their Members of Parliament and their representatives in the provincial legislatures. Let us urge the Canadian Medical Association to make it clear that the appropriate setting for contraceptive counseling and related services should be the office of the family physician or gynecologist. The time has come for the association to take a more aggressive approach in the field of family planning and birth control counseling and, at the same time, actively discourage government involvement in this important area of preventive medicine. Further, let us make it clear that the whole question of therapeutic abortions and abortion clinics is to be regarded as distinct from family planning and contraceptive counseling.

4. DOCID:1708 SCORE: 0.00376029501706354
DOCNO: 1048489
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Colostomy
DESCRIPTOR: Ileostomy
DESCRIPTOR: Information Services
DESCRIPTOR: Patient Education
DESCRIPTOR: Urinary Diversion
AUTHOR: M E Yahle ME
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: The Nursing clinics of North America.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: An ostomy information clinic. A community resource.
PUBDATE: 19760901
This article has included some facets of discussions that take place at the Ostomy Information Clinic in Milwaukee. All types of ostomates attend one or more clinics to obtain information and help with management of their ostomies. Topics explored are management of drainage, odor control, use of the cone irrigation, digestion, nutrition and diet, and travel tips. In addition to ostomates, nurses often attend the clinics with or without their patients. Consultation is also provided to the Visiting Nurses' Association and local hospital nursing staffs. I would like to encourage other nurses to consider conducting ostomy information clinics in conjunction with the American Cancer Society. Not only is there a great need, but it is a personally rewarding and satisfactory experience.

5. DOCID:2412 SCORE: 0.00367060436407311
DOCNO: 819136
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: etiology
QUALIFIER: complications
AUTHOR: A W Cheever AW
AUTHOR: R E Kuntz RE
AUTHOR: J A Moore JA
AUTHOR: T C Huang TC
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer research.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Proliferative epithelial lesions of the urinary bladder in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) infected with Schistosoma intercalatum.
PUBDATE: 19760801
Five cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) were infected with Schistosoma intercalatum, a helminth that is morphologically similar to Schistosoma haematobium. Infections were readily established and remained active until the monkeys were sacrificed 21 to 84 weeks after exposure. Although the schistosomes were located predominantly in mesenteric and hepatic portal venules, schistosome eggs were found in the bladders of 3 monkeys. Nodules of atypical epithelial cells interpreted as superficially infiltrating undifferentiated bladder carcinomas were found in one monkey 23 weeks after infection. These sessile tumors differ strikingly from the well-differentiated, papillary transitional cell tumors previously reported from several species of experimental animals infected with S. haematobium. The tumors are also dissimilar to the squamous cell bladder tumors associated with S. haematobium infection in man but may nonetheless be useful for investigations of schistosomal bladder cancer.

6. DOCID:1506 SCORE: 0.00366654026854905
DOCNO: 195711
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: etiology
QUALIFIER: adverse effects
QUALIFIER: etiology
AUTHOR: P Cole P
AUTHOR: D Cramer D
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Diet and cancer of endocrine target organs.
PUBDATE: 19770701
The role of diet in the etiology of cancer of the breast and endometrium is considered. Geographic variation in rates, effects of migration, consequences of exogenous hormone use, and other epidemiologic factors are reviewed. Cancer of the endometrium is related to diet probably through simple caloric excess. The excess is reflected in obesity and the consequent overproduction of estrone, a natural but carcinogenic human estrogen. Diet may also influence breast cancer risk somewhat through the same mechanism. But this mechanism probably would not explain a large proportion of the disease. It is possible that, in addition, some specific dietary factor, for example, saturated fat, is causally related to breast cancer. Such a relationship would probably be mediated through an endocrine mechanism.

7. DOCID:2754 SCORE: 0.00330541258601727
DOCNO: 1157047
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Blood
DESCRIPTOR: Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic
QUALIFIER: immunology
QUALIFIER: blood
AUTHOR: G E Pierce GE
AUTHOR: B L DeVald BL
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer research.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Effects of human sera on reactivity of lymphocytes in microcytotoxicity assays.
PUBDATE: 19751001
The effects of cancer patient and normal donor serum samples on the reactivity of patient and normal lymphocytes against both normal and malignant target cells were studied in microcytotoxicity assays. There were 17 of 140 cancer patient serum samples and 7 of 116 normal donor lymphocyte samples that selectively increased the growth of target cells in the presence of lymphocytes. This effect was most often noted with cancer patient serum against cultured tumor cells, but the effect was also noted against fibroblasts and with normal serum against both fibroblasts and tumor cells. Of 140 cancer-patient serum samples, 11 selectively decreased target cell survival in the presence of lymphocytes compared to medium and compared to other serum samples. In the absence of lymphocytes these serum samples were nontoxic. The effect was not observed with any of the normal serum samples studied. The lymphocyte-dependent serum toxicity appeared to be selectively directed against tumor target cells.

8. DOCID:872 SCORE: 0.00312608162360262
DOCNO: 1101723
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: radiotherapy
QUALIFIER: radiotherapy
QUALIFIER: adverse effects
AUTHOR: A J Ballantyne AJ
PUBTYPE: Case Reports
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
PUBTYPE: Review
JOURNALTITLE: American journal of surgery.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Late sequelae of radiation therapy in cancer of the head and neck with particular reference to the nasopharynx.
PUBDATE: 19751001
Sequlae of radiation therapy may be late in occurring and varied in their manifestations. Although some are untreatable and progressive, the risk of development of some other sequelae can be minimized by careful application of radiotherapy or by ancillary measures, such as dental decay prophylaxis. Some of the serious sequelae secondary to radiation therapy of the nasopharynx have been summarized. These include radiation myelitis, paralysis of the cranial nerves, stricture of the pharynx, radiation-induced cancer, and necrosis with fatal hemorrhage.

9. DOCID:3450 SCORE: 0.00307237014075936
DOCNO: 1157030
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: radiotherapy
AUTHOR: J Papillon J
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Intracavitary irradiation of early rectal cancer for cure. A series of 186 cases.
PUBDATE: 19750801
If radical surgery is the only rational policy for most cases of rectal cancer, the problem of local treatment in poor surgical risk patients should be discussed in selected cases. Only limited, fairly-well-differentiated tumors, still confined to the rectal wall may have a sufficiently low probability of lymphatic spread to be amenable to local treatment. Rectal cancer, usually regarded as being slightly radiosensitive when treated by external irradiation, proves to be highly radiosensitive in the case of early cancer treated by intracavitary irradiation. This method is able to control a large amount of limited polypoid and ulcerative adenocarcinomas. In a series of 133 cases followed more than 5 years, the rate of death from cancer is only 9%, and the 5-year survival rate is 78%. As compared with local exision or electrocoagulation, intracavitary irradiation has several advantages. It does not require colostomy nor anesthesia. Contact x-ray therapy is an ambulatory treatment applicable even to elderly and fragile patients. There is no danger of fistula in the case of tumor of the anterior wall in female patients. It preserves all the chances of cure by subsequent surgery in case of failure.

10. DOCID:2519 SCORE: 0.00298573329423841
DOCNO: 1234624
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: surgery
AUTHOR: C T Griffiths CT
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: National Cancer Institute monograph.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Surgical resection of tumor bulk in the primary treatment of ovarian carcinoma.
PUBDATE: 19751001
The effect of tumor bulk resection on survival was studied in 102 patients with stages II and III ovarian cancer. A multiple linear regression equation provuded both simultenaous control of multiple confounding variables and an assessment of these variables as independent predictors of survival. The most important factors were the histologic grade of the tumor and the size of the largest residual tumor mass after operation. Survival time was uniformly poor if the diameter of the largest residual tumor mass exceeded 1.5 cm irrespective of total tumor volume (mean=12.7 months, SE=1.6 mo). Survival time was inversely proportional to residual mass size under 1.6 cm, and surgery improved survival relative to reduction in mass size below this limit. Extensive resections of tumor bulk with failure to remove all masses greater than 1.5 cm in diameter did not influence survival. Surgery provides optimum benefit when all gross tumor can be excised safely.

11. DOCID:2534 SCORE: 0.0029029074309025
DOCNO: 918691
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: radiotherapy
QUALIFIER: surgery
QUALIFIER: radiotherapy
QUALIFIER: radiotherapy
QUALIFIER: radiotherapy
AUTHOR: D E Johnson DE
AUTHOR: S Lamy S
AUTHOR: R B Bracken RB
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Southern medical journal.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Salvage cystectomy after radiation failure in patients with bladder carcinoma.
PUBDATE: 19771101
Thirty-two patients with cancer of the bladder definitively treated with irradiation had radical cystectomy without lymphadenectomy for treatment of recurrent or persistent tumor. Preoperative clinical staging was accurate in distinguishing between superficial and deeply invasive disease in 94% of patients, while in 44% and pathologic stage were identical. There were no postoperative deaths. Fourteen patients have no evidence of disease 11 to 75 months post-operatively, 14 developed recurrent disease two to 20 months after surgery, and four died of other causes after satisfactory recovery from surgery. Assessment of clinical stage offers the best prognostic indication of survival, as all patients whose tumor was 15 (carcinoma in situ) or T1 survived without developing recurrent whereas only six patients with stage T3 or greater are alive without recurrent disease. Cystectomy can thus be recommended for selected patients with bladder cancer who have failed definitive irradiation therapy.

12. DOCID:2997 SCORE: 0.00289526811127459
DOCNO: 809069
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: immunology
AUTHOR: B Serrou B
AUTHOR: J B Dubois JB
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Biomedicine / [publiée pour l'A.A.I.C.I.G.].
COUNTRY: FRANCE
TITLE: Immunological overshoot phenomenon following cancer chemotherapy: significance in prognosis evaluation of solid tumors.
PUBDATE: 19750201
Immunological function was studied in 48 patients before, during and after cancer treatment, using cutaneous tests, spontaneous rosettes test and the PHA and PWM lymphocyte stimulation tests. Chemotherapeutic drugs were used individually or in combination for 5 days a month and were preceeded by a cellular synchronization using Vincristine (1 mg/m2/day). When treatment was discontinued, we observed in 30 patients increased rates of spontaneous rosettes and of thymidine uptake. We noticed in several cases that the cutaneous tests became positive even if they were negative before and during treatment. The I.O.P. appeared 5 days after chemotherapy was discontinued and lasted 8 to 12 days. The topography of the neoplasm had no influence on the I.O.P. Failure to manifest I.O.P. is not indicative of a negative response of the tumor to chemotherapy (9 positive responses to chemotherapy out of 18 patients without I.O.P.) But the I.O.P. was a fairly constant feature in patients with positive response to chemotherapy and with favorable prognosis (28/30).

13. DOCID:2795 SCORE: 0.00276228119275499
DOCNO: 64445
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: diagnosis
AUTHOR: I Vogt-Moykopf I
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Fortschritte der Medizin.
COUNTRY: GERMANY, WEST
TITLE: [Clinical aspects of bronchial cancer]
PUBDATE: 19770101
The most frequent cause of death of the male is cancer of the lungs. The prognosis is still unfavourable. The cases of patients having survived for 5 years amount altogether to not more than 5%, as far as operated patients are concerned, the quota amounts to 20-25%; in cases of early detection of cancer, however, the rates are up to 40%. Precaution and preventive care (reduction of cigarette consumption) is at present not possible. Considerable time is being wasted because of the uncharacteristic and gradually proceeding symptoms and misinterpretations of the X-ray findings. The bronchial carcinoma can imitate any other disease of the lungs. Even a normal X-ray picture does not exclude carcinoma. The observation of acute symptoms appearing for the first time and of those already existing, but changing suddenly, is essential. Exclusive treatments are dangerous. Any X-ray finding of the lungs should be followed up to all bronchological details. A "normal" X-ray picture, accompanied by clinical symptoms, requires basic diagnostic measures including bronchoscopy.

14. DOCID:246 SCORE: 0.00261104037985937
DOCNO: 584306
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: etiology
AUTHOR: A W Safyer AW
AUTHOR: R W Miller RW
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: The Journal of school health.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Childhood cancer: etiologic clues from epidemiology.
PUBDATE: 19770301
Epidemiologic reseach has revealed a wide spectrum of etiologic information concerning childhood cancer. Often, important clues have come from observations made by alert practitioners. The school health professional can help further progress in cancer research by observing peculiarities of environmental exposures as well as the family's medical history when cancer affects a child. Any unusual findings should be referred to an appropriate research center for evaluation.