0. DOCID:2953 SCORE: 0.00507118445103282
DOCNO: 875870
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: diagnosis
QUALIFIER: diagnosis
AUTHOR: H Langhammer H
AUTHOR: R Sintermann R
AUTHOR: K Kempken K
AUTHOR: G Hör G
AUTHOR: H W Pabst HW
AUTHOR: M Fendl M
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Medizinische Klinik (1947)
COUNTRY: GERMANY, WEST
TITLE: [Diagnosis of skeletal metastases in prostatic cancer using gamma camera (author's transl)]
PUBDATE: 19770501
On 170 patients with histologically proven carcinoma of the prostate scintigraphic studies of the skeleton using gamma camera and follow-up examinations were performed and compared with x-ray as well as serum alkaline and acid phosphatase. Osseous metastases in 47% had no radiological evidence and were only scintigraphically detectable. Positive scans were registered in 48% of the patients with prostatic cancer, 20% of them were positive due to metastases and 28% were false positive caused by osteoarthrotic and arthritic changes, sporadically by post-traumatic lesions and in 3 cases by Paget's disease. At the time of the initial diagnosis of prostatic cancer 21% of 159 patients studied scintigraphically had radiological or scan evidence of osseous metastases. Analyses corresponding stages of tumor revealed an unequivocal dependance of the frequency of metastases upon the extent of the primary tumor. The successful treatment is characterized by the decreased uptake of radioactivity primarily accumulated in skeletal metastases.

1. DOCID:3507 SCORE: 0.0043648026370809
DOCNO: 884670
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Receptors, Estrogen
DESCRIPTOR: Receptors, Progesterone
QUALIFIER: metabolism
AUTHOR: S Hirohashi S
AUTHOR: Y Shimosato Y
AUTHOR: T Kameya T
AUTHOR: K Nagai K
AUTHOR: R Tsunematsu R
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer research.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Hormone dependency of a serially transplantable human breast cancer (Br-10) in nude mice.
PUBDATE: 19770901
The human breast cancer (Br-10) serially transplanted to nude mice (BALB/c-nu/nu) grew well in female mice but very slowly or not at all in untreated male mice and female mice treated with 1 mg of testosterone i.m. twice a week. The growth in female mice was arrested by ovariectomy, and that in male mice was accelerated by 0.1 mg of estradiol i.m. once a week. Tumors in female and estrogenized male mice retained the original histology of duct carcinoma. Tumors in ovariectomized female, androgenized female, and male mice consisted of cells with smaller and more uniform nuclei, forming markedly dilated lumina in the first group and arranged in lobular patterns in the latter two groups. High-affinity 8 S and 4 S estrogen receptors were present in tumors transplanted to female nude mice, but no progesterone receptors were detected. These results provide experimental evidence for the hormone dependency of a human breast cancer in vivo and strongly suggest the important role of estrogen and androgen in the growth regulation of some estrogen receptor-positive human breast cancers.

2. DOCID:3727 SCORE: 0.00435646683357351
DOCNO: 975061
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: enzymology
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: enzymology
AUTHOR: K Miki K
AUTHOR: T Oda T
AUTHOR: H Suzuki H
AUTHOR: S Iino S
AUTHOR: H Niwa H
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer research.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes in intestinal metaplasia and carcinoma of the stomach.
PUBDATE: 19761101
The enzymological and immunological properties of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) isoenzymes in intestinal metaplasia and gastric carcinoma tissues were compared with those of purified human intestinal, placental, and hepatic ALP's to speculate the gene expression of gastric cancer cells. The results were as follows: Intestinal metaplasia was found in 21 of 23 cases (91%) of gastric cancer, whereas normal gastric mucosa had no ALP activity. ALP extracted from the mucosa of intestinal metaplasia was identical with intestinal ALP as to enzymological and immunological properties. ALP obtained from gastric carcinoma tissues of 23 patients was separated into 3 bands (ALPa, ALPb, and ALPc) by polyacrylamide-gel disc electrophoresis. Ten cases showed ALPa only, 4 cases showed ALPa and ALPb, 5 cases showed ALPa and ALPc, and the other 4 cases showed ALPa, ALPb, ALPc, respectively. It was concluded that ALPa was similar in its enzymological and immunological properties to hepatic-type ALP, ALPb was similar to placental-type ALP, and ALPc was similar to intestinal-type ALP, ALPb probably originates from the cancer cell itself. As for the other enzymes, ALPa and ALPc, further investigation should be made to determine whether they come from the cancer cell itself or not.

3. DOCID:3232 SCORE: 0.00419450257097492
DOCNO: 200572
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: immunology
QUALIFIER: immunology
AUTHOR: J P Lamelin JP
AUTHOR: R Ellouz R
AUTHOR: G De Thé G
AUTHOR: J P Revillard JP
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer.
COUNTRY: DENMARK
TITLE: Lymphocyte subpopulations and mitogenic responses in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, prior to and after radiotherapy.
PUBDATE: 19771101
Eighteen patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) were compared to matched controls, before or after cobalt therapy, for the ability of their peripheral blood lymphocytes to: (1) form E and EAC rosettes and (2) mount a proliferative response with PHA, Con A and ALG. A slight decrease in the percentage of E rosettes and a moderate hyporesponsiveness to PHA and Con A were observed before treatment. The statistical significance of these alterations was borderline. Within the group of treated patients a much greater depression, including the response to ALG, was found, although a few long-term survivors responded to mitogens as well as the controls. These findings stress the difficulty of interpreting the results of a longitudinal study of cell-mediated immunity, specific or non-specific, in cancer patients. Finally, by comparing the proliferative response to the three mitogens before and after radiotherapy, it is suggested that their differential effect on these responses might be used in man, as it was in mice, to delineate lymphocyte subpopulations.

4. DOCID:3181 SCORE: 0.00410375782431947
DOCNO: 833858
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Beauty Culture
QUALIFIER: chemically induced
QUALIFIER: chemically induced
AUTHOR: J Garfinkel J
AUTHOR: S Selvin S
AUTHOR: S M Brown SM
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Brief communication: Possible increased risk of lung cancer among beauticians.
PUBDATE: 19770101
Death certificates of residents of Alameda County, California (1958-1962) with any mention of cancer were examined to determine the risk of cancer among beauticians. Twenty-four female beauticians were found among 3,460 adult females who died with cancer; four female beauticians were found in a sample of 1,000 females who died from causes other than cancer. The case and control certificates were matched for age and race. The resulting odds ratio (i.e., approximate relative risk of a cancer death) was slightly elevated (1.73) but was not statistically significant. Although a possible increase in the risk of cancer was found for several organ sites, the increase in risk for lung cancer was most striking. Analysis of pairs of death certificates, in which female controls dying of causes other than cancer were matched to female lung cancer cases for age, race, and date of death, yielded an odds ratio of 6.0. This finding suggested that the risk of lung cancer may be substantially increased among female beauticians.

5. DOCID:2355 SCORE: 0.00394009244668009
DOCNO: 140095
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Laparotomy
AUTHOR: V Jalůvka V
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde.
COUNTRY: GERMANY, WEST
TITLE: [Exploratory laparotomies in geriatric-gynaecological patients (author's transl)]
PUBDATE: 19770401
In 17 gynaecological departments of West-Berlin hospitals, 2940 laparotomies were done between 1960 and 1969 in women of at least 60 years of age, of which 331 (10,9%) were exploratory. Of these the postoperative mortality was 39,2% (130 cases). The fatal cases could be divided into 120 women suffering from inoperable malignant tumors, 7 from sigmoid diverticulitis and 3 from chromical gynaecological inflammatory tumors. The frequency of such critical exploratory laparotomies could be lowered partly by intensifying cancer routine check-up by specialists by more complex diagnostic measures before the operations and by fewer adhesiotomies in cases of chronical inflammatory complaints. Most important, however, seems to be the well indicated application of laparoscopy under conditions that allow consecutive laparotomy if necessary. It is thought that to an experienced surgeon the diagnostic value of laparoscopy is almost equal to that of laparotomy. It therefore can be considered a true alternative.

6. DOCID:3998 SCORE: 0.00371253895009152
DOCNO: 1184240
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Antibodies, Neoplasm
DESCRIPTOR: Antibody Formation
QUALIFIER: immunology
QUALIFIER: immunology
AUTHOR: S Canevari S
AUTHOR: G Fossati G
AUTHOR: G Della Porta G
AUTHOR: G P Balzarini GP
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer.
COUNTRY: DENMARK
TITLE: Humoral cytotoxicity in melanoma patients and its correlation with the extent and course of the disease.
PUBDATE: 19751101
Complement-dependent cytotoxicity against melanoma cells was demonstrated with a microassay in sera from melanoma patients. The response was tumor-specific and histologic type-specific since 16 out of 52 (30%) melanoma patient sera taken before surgery reacted against melanoma cells, whereas 3 out of 43 (7%) control sera, collected from patients with unrelated tumors and from cancer-free individuals, were positive. The serum activity correlated with the clinical stage of the disease since it was detected in 15 out of 40 patients with stage I and II tumors and in 1 of the 12 patients in stage III. Twelve melanoma patients, clinically tumor-free for to 4 years after surgery, showed no humoral cytotoxicity. A follow-up study of 13 melanoma patients revealed that the cytotoxicity appeared 7-10 days after radical removal of the tumor and that it disappeared if there was no recurrence. The histologic type-specificity was further tested by assaying sera from 16 melanoma and 10 breast-cancer patients simultaneously on both melanoma and breast-cancer cells; a positive reaction was observed in 6 cases of melanoma and in 5 of breast cancer on homologous cells only, in 1 case on the opposite type of cells, and in 3 cases on both types of tumor cells.

7. DOCID:3368 SCORE: 0.00327722944418089
DOCNO: 922658
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Mammography
QUALIFIER: radiography
AUTHOR: R L Egan RL
AUTHOR: R C Mosteller RC
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Breast cancer mammography patterns.
PUBDATE: 19771101
Mammography studies, from 1963 through 1972, on 5,918 women over age 30 years with 327 breast cancer on initial studies, were prospectively categorized on a scale of 1 to 4 of increasing amounts of fibroglandular tissue. Approximately 60% of the cancers occurred in classes 1 and 2 breasts, about one-third of the patients, while 40% of the cancer were in the remaining two-thirds, comprising classes 3 and 4. There were 54 cancers that developed in breast that previously were free of symptoms, clinical signs, and x-ray abnormality. Up to 36 months one cancer was found in class 1, while 26 cancers were detected in class 4 breasts; two cancers developed in class 2 and seven in class 3. Cancers developing 38 to 88 months after normal examination had an incidence of 0.23% in combined classes 1 and 2 and an incidence of 0.21% in classes 3 and 4. Dense fibroglandular tissue delays detection of breast cancer by mammography. Apparent increase in cancer risk in such breasts is due to this delay. More than a 3-year follow-up is required to assess the life history of breast cancer by mammography.

8. DOCID:3921 SCORE: 0.00325563135141698
DOCNO: 12334585
OWNER: PIP
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Androgens
DESCRIPTOR: Estradiol
DESCRIPTOR: Laboratory Techniques and Procedures
DESCRIPTOR: Menstrual Cycle
DESCRIPTOR: Progesterone
DESCRIPTOR: Uterus
AUTHOR: P Robel P
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Contraception, fertilité, sexualité.
COUNTRY: United States
TITLE: [Sex hormone receptors and fertility]
PUBDATE: 19761001
Receptors of estradiol and of progesterone can be measured in human endometrium for clinical research: the principles, method, and cyclic patterns in 80 endometrial biopsies are described. Highly specific soluble protein receptors occur in the cytoplasm of sex hormone target tissues. After binding their specific steroid the receptors undergo a conformational change and complex with DNA in the nucleus. To measure numbers of receptors, an endometrial biopsy must be taken under anesthesia, with the date of ovulation known precisely. Endogenous bound hormones are displaced by incubating subcellular fractions for 3 hours with labeled hormones. Binding by plasma sex hormone binding protein and androgen receptors is excluded by saturation with dihydrotestosterone, by transferrin with cortisol, and that of nonspecific binding by means of charcoal-dextran absorption. Endogenous progesterone levels must be determined because they may be high enough to dilute added labeled progesterone up to 50%. Results, expressed as numbers of receptor sites per cell, show that estradiol receptors increase in the nuclear fraction in the proliferative phase, then decrease rapidly in secretory phase. Progesterone receptors increase in the preovulatory period in the cytoplasmic fraction, then decrease in proliferative phase, while the nuclear progesterone receptors increase along with circulating progesterone levels. This information may have clinical applications in some types of sterility, in midcycle hormonal contraception, and in evaluating the hormone dependence of breast cancer.

9. DOCID:3144 SCORE: 0.00325222779097841
DOCNO: 146405
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Lymphocyte Activation
QUALIFIER: immunology
AUTHOR: H Miwa H
AUTHOR: K Orita K
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Acta medica Okayama.
COUNTRY: JAPAN
TITLE: Correlation between postoperative prognosis in gastrointestinal cancer patients and blastformation rate of lymphocytes.
PUBDATE: 19771001
Gastrointestinal cancer patients were followed up for up to 30 months postoperatively and their clinical status related to a parameter of nonspecific immunity, the blastformation rate of peripheral blood lymphocytes against phytohemagglutinin. By the fourth postoperative week, the blastformation rate had recovered from the effect of the operation. In patients who had undergone curative resection, the postoperative level rose to exceed the preoperative level, whereas whereas in those in whom resection had not been possible, the blastformation rate failed to show this rise by the fourth week, and continued at the decreased immediate postoperative level. Results for long-term follow-up (30 months postoperatively) showed that the blastformation rate continued at high levels (almost all over 40%) in cases of curative resection without recurrence, but remained low (under 40%) in those in which the tumor could not be removed. The 40% level of the blastformation rate test thus correlated well with the prognosis. The blastformation rate, therefore, proved a very good parameter for following the pre-and post-operative clinical course of gastrointestinal cancer patients.

10. DOCID:2191 SCORE: 0.00314530800924318
DOCNO: 1257816
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: mortality
AUTHOR: J C Smith JC
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Southern medical journal.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: The breast cancer conundrum.
PUBDATE: 19760301
The rate of survival for patients with breast cancer is determined by the interaction of the tumor spread and the tissue ablated by the method. Clinical estimates of tumor spread are grossly inaccurate. Therefore the rate of survival is an unreliable index of the quality of the method, and a comparison of survival rates is not likely to reveal which method is superior. Nevertheless, the cancer arises in the breast, spreads away from the breast, cannot be accurately staged, and must be totally eradicated for the achievement of cure. The principle of treatment is therefore the ablation of the primary tumor and the largest amount of adjacent expendable tissue at the earliest time. Compliance of the method with this principle will produce the best possible result. Superior therapy is evidenced by compliance of the method with the principle of treatment rather than by a comparison of the rates of survival.

11. DOCID:2945 SCORE: 0.00313343802711616
DOCNO: 9598
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: enzymology
QUALIFIER: blood
AUTHOR: S Ragaini S
AUTHOR: A Peracino A
AUTHOR: S Marcovina S
AUTHOR: E Ronchi E
AUTHOR: A Ballini A
AUTHOR: M Mojoli M
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Minerva medica.
COUNTRY: ITALY
TITLE: [Critical observations on changes in gamma-glutamyl-transpepdidase in hepatopathies]
PUBDATE: 19760901
The behaviour of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase was compared with other serum enzyme activities and functional parameters in a carefully selected and relatively extensive series of patients with liver disease, including alcoholics, in an investigation of the underlying pathogenesis and its clinical expression. Reference. to the literature and to personal data showed that increased gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase levels could be attributed to enzyme induction (caused by drugs or alcohol), liver damage in the broad sense, and intra- or extrahepatic cholestasis. These causes were individually predominant, or nearly so, on occasions, though their concomitance was more common. High levels, however, were not pathognomonic for a given disease. In alcoholism, they were highly indicative, especially if accompanied by GLD changes. They were a virtually constant, early, and typical finding in intra- and extra-hepatic cholestasis, and tended to persist for a time after the resolution of icterus. Lastly, they were an aid in the early diagnosis of aggressive hepatitis and liver cancer.

12. DOCID:824 SCORE: 0.00305182571467937
DOCNO: 1079352
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: therapy
QUALIFIER: complications
QUALIFIER: therapy
AUTHOR: H M Goldstein HM
AUTHOR: H Medellin H
AUTHOR: Y Ben-Menachem Y
AUTHOR: S Wallace S
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Radiology.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Transcatheter arterial embolization in the management of bleeding in the cancer patient.
PUBDATE: 19750601
Selective transcatheter arterial embolization was performed in 7 cancer patients with gastrointestinal or uterine bleeding. Most were bleeding from neoplastic tissue and were refractory to conservative management. Complete and permanent cessation of bleeding was obtained in 5 patients, including 3 with gastric bleeding, 1 with colonic bleeding, and in 1 with uterine bleeding. Successful arterial embolization allowed further treatment of the underlying disease which was particularly critical as these patients were poor surgical candidates. No significant or prolonged side effects were noted.

13. DOCID:3691 SCORE: 0.0029797606734768
DOCNO: 300814
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Blood Transfusion
DESCRIPTOR: Postoperative Complications
QUALIFIER: etiology
AUTHOR: K Kuramoto K
AUTHOR: S Matsushita S
AUTHOR: M Murakami M
PUBTYPE: Case Reports
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Japanese heart journal.
COUNTRY: JAPAN
TITLE: Acute reversible myocardial infarction after blood transfusion in the aged.
PUBDATE: 19770301
Seven elderly cases with reversible electrocardiographic changes simulating acute myocardial infarction in the absence of gross myocardial infarction on postmortem examination were observed following the blood transfusion. The underlying diseases were cancer of gastrointestinal tract or gall bladder in 4, gastric ulcer in 2, and 1 of pseudomembranous enterocolitis. The electrocardiogram revealed the abnormal Q waves with monophasic ST elevation and following coronary T inversion. These findings lasted only for 2 to 7 days and returned to the previous normal tracings. The hematocrit was elevated from 28.9 to 47.7 after the blood transfusion of 800 to 1,800 ml. The disseminated intravascular coagulation was shown in 5 cases. GOT levels were within normal ranges except 1 case. Pathological findings in cases with recent electrocardiographic changes were characterized by the mural thromboses, extending into the myocardium through the Thebesian vein. The focal small necroses of the adjacent myocardium or around the thrombosis of small vessels were also observed. In the later phase the fine interstitial fibrosis took place after the resorption of the thrombi and necrotic foci. From these clinical and pathological findings we proposed a new concept of reversible myocardial infarction induced from the hypercoagulability, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and elevated hematocrit.

14. DOCID:2866 SCORE: 0.00294081724063897
DOCNO: 856451
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: secretion
QUALIFIER: secretion
QUALIFIER: secretion
AUTHOR: N A Sheth NA
AUTHOR: J N Suraiya JN
AUTHOR: A R Sheth AR
AUTHOR: K J Ranadive KJ
AUTHOR: D J Jussawalla DJ
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Ectopic production of human placental lactogen by human breast tumors.
PUBDATE: 19770401
Serum samples from 72 patients with established carcinoma of the breast were investigated for ectopic presence of hPL. Further, the relationship of ectopically-secreted hPL and hCG-beta in breast cancer was investigated. Ten of 72 patients examined had detectable hPL and 12 had detectable hCG-beta, at 1-2 ng/ml serum sensitivity of the assay. The presence of hPL in serum of breast cancer patients was found to be independent of that of hCG-Beta. Sera of 13 patients with cystic mastitis, five with fibroadenoma, two with acute inflammation of breast, 20 normal women (non-pregnant) and 20 normal men did not show any detectable serum hPL or hCG-beta at the above mentioned sensitivity of the assay. Since these hormones were not detectable in normal men, normal non-pregnant women, and in patients having other pathological conditions of breast, the possible use of them as markers in cancer is expected