0. DOCID:3191 SCORE: 0.0061678835705766
DOCNO: 169989
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: complications
QUALIFIER: complications
QUALIFIER: complications
AUTHOR: T Nakashima T
AUTHOR: K Okuda K
AUTHOR: M Kojiro M
AUTHOR: K Sakamoto K
AUTHOR: Y Kubo Y
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Primary liver cancer coincident with Schistosomiasis japonica. A study of 24 necropsies.
PUBDATE: 19751001
The etiologic relationship of parasitic liver disease to primary liver cancer has long been debated. For this reason, a review of 4611 necropsies was carried out to determine the frequency with which hepatocellular carcinoma occurred in association with schistosomiasis. Of 227 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, 24 (10.6%) were associated with schistosomiasis japonica. This was significantly higher than the incidence of this carcinoma without schistosomiasis (2.78%). The majority of the 24 cases exhibited the features of a mixed macronodular and micronodular cirrhosis (Gall's posthepatitic cirrhosis); this was super-imposed upon and caused a masking of schistosomiasis fibrosis. By radioimmunoassay hepatitis B antigen was positive in 27% of these cases. A review of the literature indicated that chronic schistosomiasis, on its own, is unlikely to be the cause of primary liver cell carcinoma. Histologic features resembling post-hepatitic cirrhosis combined with a high frequency of hepatitis B antigen suggest that viral hepatitis rather than S. japonicum is the more likely etiologic factor involved, or has a synergistic effect on carcinogenesis.

1. DOCID:3868 SCORE: 0.00554960590539212
DOCNO: 877854
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Pancreatic Ducts
QUALIFIER: secretion
QUALIFIER: secretion
QUALIFIER: physiopathology
AUTHOR: H A Reber HA
AUTHOR: F E Johnson FE
AUTHOR: C Montgomery C
AUTHOR: W R Carl WR
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Surgery.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Pancreatic secretion in hamsters with pancreatic cancer.
PUBDATE: 19770701
Pancreatic secretory abnormalities develop in most persons with pancreatic cancer and have been attributed to ductal obstruction. These experiments investigated whether abnormal secretion results instead from carcinogen-induced changes in the secreting cells. Fifty male Syrian Golden hamsters (40 to 100 grams) received weekly injections of di-isopropyl-nitrosamine (250 mg/kg, subcutaneously), and survivors and age-matched controls were studied after 3.5 to 6.5 months of treatment. Pancreatic secretion was stimulated by secretin or cholecystokinin (2 units/kg, intravenously, as a bolus). After each stimulus four 15-minute collections of pancreatic juice were analyzed for HCO3- and Cl- or total protein, amylase, trypsin, and chymotrypsin. The organs were examined histologically. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma developed in 30% of the animals at 5 months, 56% at 5.5 months, and 100% at 6.5 months. The animals without cancer either had hyperplasia of the duct epithelium or were histologically normal. The histologic appearance of acinar tissue and protein secretion were normal in all groups. The tumors did not obstruct the major ducts. In all treated animals the pancreatic secretory response to secretin was of low volume, low maximal [HCO3-] and HCO3- output, and low [Cl- + HCO3-]; these changes progressed with time. The secretory abnormalities antedated the appearance of the neoplasms and were not caused by obstruction.

2. DOCID:2926 SCORE: 0.00483874837723853
DOCNO: 1228259
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Lymph Node Excision
DESCRIPTOR: Mastectomy
QUALIFIER: surgery
AUTHOR: K Esato K
AUTHOR: R Kaku R
AUTHOR: R Yamaki R
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: The Japanese journal of surgery.
COUNTRY: JAPAN
TITLE: Reevaluation of parasternal lymph node dissection in the treatment of mammary cancer.
PUBDATE: 19750901
One hundred and forty one patients with mammary cancer underwent the extended radical mastectomy with parasternal lymph nodes dissection between January, 1966 and December, 1974. From the basis of the present report involvement of parasternaly lymph node chain was evaluated retrospectively with respect to the stage, location, size, histological type of cancer, metastasis to axillary and subclavicular lymph nodes, and the five-year survival rate. The parasternal as well as subclavicular and axillary lymph node involvements were not found in non-infiltrating cancer. The more the stage of cancer advanced, the more frequently the parasternal lymph nodes were involved regardless of the location of cancer in the breast. The parasternal lymph node chain alone was rarely involved, but frequently affected along with the axillary lymph nodes. When the parasternal lymph nodes were involved, the five-year survival rate was extremely poor, even after their surgical removal. Subsequently, addition of parasternal lymph node dissection does not seem to be beneficial.

3. DOCID:1844 SCORE: 0.0041180778778512
DOCNO: 203233
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: pathology
QUALIFIER: pathology
QUALIFIER: pathology
AUTHOR: T G Peters TG
AUTHOR: W L Donegan WL
AUTHOR: E A Burg EA
PUBTYPE: Case Reports
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Annals of surgery.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Minimal breast cancer: a clinical appraisal.
PUBDATE: 19771201
Eighty-five patients with a diagnosis of minimal breast cancer were evaluated. The predominant lesion was intraductal carcinoma, and axillary metastases occurred in association with minimal breast cancer in seven of 96 cases. One death occurred due to minimal breast cancer. Bilateral mammary carcinoma was evident in 24% and bilateral minimal breast cancer in 13% of the patients. The component lesions of minimal breast cancer have varied biologic activity, but prognosis is good with a variety of operations. The multifocal nature of minimal breast cancer and the potential for metastases should be recognized. Therapy should include removal of the entire mammary parenchyma and low axillary nodes. The high incidence of bilateral malignancy supports elective contralateral biopsy at the time of therapy for minimal breast cancer.

4. DOCID:1757 SCORE: 0.00403011127389933
DOCNO: 836761
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: epidemiology
AUTHOR: R R West RR
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: British journal of cancer.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: Cervical cancer: Age at registration and age at death.
PUBDATE: 19770201
The 5-year survival of women with localized (early-stage) cervical cancer is much higher than for women with non-localized (late-stage) cancer, but women with localized cancer tend also to be younger than those with advanced cancer. A new method of presenting the long-term survival is suggested, and the registrations of cervical cancers in South Wales are analysed in terms of average age at registration and average age at death. The observed average age at death was very close to 59 years regardless of stage (and age) at diagnosis, and calculations of expected ages at death of the whole populations suggest that more than half the advantage in survival shown by early stage cancers over late stage cancers is due to diagnosis of the former in younger women.

5. DOCID:3767 SCORE: 0.00401712305314626
DOCNO: 990696
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Adrenalectomy
QUALIFIER: therapy
AUTHOR: D J Leaper DJ
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: The British journal of surgery.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: A clinical index for selection of breast cancer patients for adrenalectomy.
PUBDATE: 19761001
Selection of patients with disseminated breast cancer for endocrine surgery has not been facilitated by sophisticated biochemical techniques. The present study was designed to produce a method of prognosis based exclusively on clinical data. Eighteen features were studied in 95 patients who underwent adrenalectomy and oophorectomy, and correlated with their degree of response to produce predictive variables. In a further group of 90 patients a prognostic score (the sum of the predictive variables) was calculated. There were 17 patients who scored less than 0 and in no case was a good response to endocrine surgery achieved. There were 40 who scored over 10, 29 of whom had a good response. The remaining 33 scored between 0 and 10 and there was no correlation between score and response. This predictive system offers significant advantages over accepted methods of clinical assessment (chi2 = 6-61, P less than 0-02). When patients with a score between 0 and 10 are excluded, its advantages are even more obvious (chi2 = 11-26, P less than 0-001). Patients who are likely to respond to endocrine surgery can be selected by clinical parameters alone, and total failure to respond can be forecast with complete accuracy. Between these two there is a third group whose response is unpredictable.

6. DOCID:2216 SCORE: 0.00389675972140805
DOCNO: 170787
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Methylcholanthrene
DESCRIPTOR: Neoplasm Metastasis
QUALIFIER: chemically induced
AUTHOR: Y Harada Y
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Acta pathologica japonica.
COUNTRY: JAPAN
TITLE: Induction of metastasizing carcinoma in rats and their biological characteristics.
PUBDATE: 19750701
Induction of a spontaneously metastasizing carcinoma in rats was attempted. Four-week-old Sprague-Dawley female rats were thymectomized or/and splenectomized and fed 200 mg (20 mg times 10) of 3-methylcholanthrene from 7 weeks of age. In addition to these treatments, the early-appearing tumors were excised in order to select by isoimmunity the late-appearing ones that were less antigenic. The latter were easily transplanted into normal syngeneic female rats with metastasis to remote organs. This metastasizing capacity of the tumor became an inherent character in syngeneic normal rats from generation to generation of transplantation. With one of these tumors (MRMT-1) many cancer cells were histologically detected in circulating blood 3 days after tumor transplantation and arrested in capillary beds of lungs. The spontaneous metastasis to lymph nodes and lungs was macroscopically found within several weeks after tumor transplantation.

7. DOCID:3910 SCORE: 0.00375522686966371
DOCNO: 1117767
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: epidemiology
QUALIFIER: epidemiology
AUTHOR: J F Beamis JF
AUTHOR: A Stein A
AUTHOR: J L Andrews JL
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: The Medical clinics of North America.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Changing epidemiology of lung cancer. Increasing incidence in women.
PUBDATE: 19750301
Recent worldwide reports show a large increase in the incidence of lung cancer in both men and women. To detail changes in the epidemiology of lung cancer relating to the incidence in men and women, we reviewed the patterns of diagnosis of 1145 patients with lung cancer seen at the Lahey Clinic between 1956 and 1972, during which time the proportion of all men and women seen was unchanged. The total number of women with lung cancer increased greatly and has almost doubled during this period. Lung cancer in women is now increasing at a faster rate than in men so that the male to female incidence has decreased from 6.8/1 (1957 to 1960) to 2.4/1 (1969 to 1972). We reviewed in detail the case histories and pathology of 231 women with lung cancer. No significant change was evident in cell type distribution during the study years. The most frequently seen tumors in women were adenocarcinoma (31 per cent), undifferentiated large cell cancer (22 per cent), epidermoid carcinoma (16 per cent), and undifferentiated small cell carcinoma (12 per cent). Among those women with known smoking histories, the group most responsible for the recent increase in women with lung cancer was comprised of smoking women in whom Kreyberg group 1 (smoking-related) tumors developed.

8. DOCID:3175 SCORE: 0.00365759474595192
DOCNO: 870187
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: biosynthesis
QUALIFIER: enzymology
AUTHOR: B Paigen B
AUTHOR: J Minowada J
AUTHOR: H L Gurtoo HL
AUTHOR: K Paigen K
AUTHOR: N B Parker NB
AUTHOR: E Ward E
AUTHOR: N T Hayner NT
AUTHOR: I D Bross ID
AUTHOR: F Bock F
AUTHOR: R Vincent R
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer research.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Distribution of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase inducibility in cultured human lymphocytes.
PUBDATE: 19770601
We measured aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) in cultured human lymphocytes. A striking seasonal variation in AHH activity was observed with induced AHH activity levels from January through May measuring approximately 20% of the values during the remainder of the year. AHH inducibility was determined by comparing lymphocytes from the same person cultured with and without the inducer 3-methylcholanthrene. If measurements are limited to the summer and fall seasons when AHH activity is high, AHH inducibility is reproducible for most persons with repeat determinations on the same person averaging 11% from the mean. The values of AHH inducibility in 53 persons ranged from 0.9 to 5.0, but the distribution of values did not fall into three distinct, nonoverlapping classes as reported by others. We were not able to determine the distribution of AHH inducibility in lung cancer patients since lymphocytes from less than half of the patients tested could be successfully cultured.

9. DOCID:3957 SCORE: 0.00361017803829058
DOCNO: 903186
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: adverse effects
QUALIFIER: adverse effects
QUALIFIER: adverse effects
QUALIFIER: epidemiology
QUALIFIER: complications
AUTHOR: R Saracci R
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer.
COUNTRY: DENMARK
TITLE: Asbestos and lung cancer: an analysis of the epidemiological evidence on the asbestos-smoking interaction.
PUBDATE: 19770901
Three simple models for the asbestos-smoking interaction on human lung cancer production are considered. In the first model the excess incidence of lung cancer independently due to asbestos and to smoking adds together when both agents are present (additive model). In the second the addition of each one of the two agents produces an effect (increase in lung cancer incidence) which is proportional to the effect of the other (multiplicative model). In the third, asbestos can only increase lung cancer incidence in the presence of smoking. As previously found by other investigators, the additive model appears the least plausible in the light of the data from two published epidemiological studies. A discrimination between the other two models is attempted through a detailed analysis of the five published epidemiological studies today available which provide information on occupational asbestos exposure, smoking habits and lung cancer risk. Although the data do not allow a definitive discrimination, the multiplicative model appears to be more plausible, being also consistent with a multi-stage carcinogenic mechanism and with evidence from animal (rat) experiments. It is relevant both for biology and for public health that in this model asbestos and smoking are regarded as independently capable of producing lung cancer in humans and that they act synergistically when exposure to both occurs.

10. DOCID:1101 SCORE: 0.00360674131850258
DOCNO: 797264
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Famous Persons
QUALIFIER: therapy
QUALIFIER: therapy
AUTHOR: R M Steckler RM
AUTHOR: D P Shedd DP
PUBTYPE: Biography
PUBTYPE: Historical Article
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: American journal of surgery.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: General Grant: his physicians and his cancer.
PUBDATE: 19761001
In early June 1884, seven years after leaving office as President of the United States, General Ulysses S. Grant was found to have carcinoma of the right tonsillar pillar. The General's physicians kept a detailed record of the course of their patient's disease. Speaking was quite painful for the patient, and his words and thoughts have been preserved on the scraps of paper on which he communicated to family, physicians, and friends. The diagnosis, symptomatic treatment, and inexorably progressive course of General Grant's mouth cancer taking place in an atmosphere of personal financial ruin are discussed in detail.

11. DOCID:3908 SCORE: 0.00358414111100889
DOCNO: 1149023
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: metabolism
AUTHOR: Y S Kim YS
AUTHOR: R Isaacs R
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer research.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Glycoprotein metabolism in inflammatory and neoplastic diseases of the human colon.
PUBDATE: 19750801
Carbohydrate compositions of the membrane and cytoplasmic fractions of human normal and cancerous colonic mucosa were compared in patients with blood groups O and B. The total sugar content in both fractions was reduced in the cancer tissues to about one-third of that in the normal colonic mucosa. The sugars that are associated with mucinous glycoproteins such as fucose and N-acetylgalactosamine were reduced significantly, while sugars that are primarily associated with "serum-type" glycoproteins were relatively unchanged or reduced to a lesser extent. The activities of glycoprotein:glycosyltransferases were variable, some showing so significant change, others beinb significnatly reduced in cancerous tissues. A polypeptidyl:N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of the first sugar to hydroxyamino acids of the protein core of mucinous glycoproteins), a sialyltransferase (involved in the addition of sialic acid to mucinous glycoproteins), and a galactoxyltransferase (thought to be responsible for blood group B antigenicity) were reduced in the cancerous colonic tissue. In contrast, the activities of these glycosyltransferases were unchanged in the colonic mucosa of patients with granulomatosis or ulcerative colitis. Glycosidase activities in the normal, cancerous, and inflammatory tissues were the same. These results suggest that in colonic cancer tissues the synthesis of one type of oligosaccharide chain may be greatly affected, while another family of oligosaccharides may remain relatively unaffected.

12. DOCID:1541 SCORE: 0.00358270499662666
DOCNO: 836528
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: etiology
AUTHOR: W Seitz W
AUTHOR: G Gamstätter G
AUTHOR: R Klöss R
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Medizinische Klinik.
COUNTRY: GERMANY, WEST
TITLE: [Instrumental esophageal perforations--diagnosis and treatment (author's transl)]
PUBDATE: 19770201
In the last 6 years 16 patients with an iatrogenic esophageal lesion have been treated. Most frequently this lesion results from esophagoscopies and bouginages. Laying of a gastric tube, extraction of a foreign body or dilatation of a cardiospasm are rare reasons for a lesion. Only three patients suffered from cancer. The early diagnosis and immediately operation is decisive for the therapy's success. The operation with primary closure of the defect and drainage should be aspired. After this the best results are levelled. If the surgical operation is carried on after the 24-hours limit, the operation itself is of minor importance as the lethality of these patients is very high and does not depend on the kind of therapy.

13. DOCID:2763 SCORE: 0.00351299046370272
DOCNO: 73115
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: therapeutic use
QUALIFIER: drug therapy
AUTHOR: V Diehl V
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Leber, Magen, Darm.
COUNTRY: GERMANY, WEST
TITLE: [Cytostatic therapy of gastro-intestinal carcinomas (author's transl)]
PUBDATE: 19771001
The incidence of gastro-intestinal carcinomas in man is rather high as compared to other organ systems; results of cytostatic or x-ray therapy of these tumors, however, on the other hand are rather poor. The majority of malignant tumors of the gastro-intestinal tract metastasizes within 3 years, with the exception of early cancer of the esophagus and stomach, which may be cured completely by surgery in 80-90% of cases if it is detected early enough. After dissemination has occurred, chemotherapy and x-ray therapy may only serve to improve subjective symptoms. 5-Fluorouracil and Methyl-CNU may be effective as palliative therapy in relieving symptoms--as monotherapy in 17-20%, in combination in 25% of all cases. Both substances are increasingly being used in recent times along with substances stimulating the immune system. Controlled prospective clinical studies are needed in the future in order to elucidate the role of additional cytostatic therapy in patients with malignant tumors of the gastro-intestinal tract.

14. DOCID:3542 SCORE: 0.00336574054786498
DOCNO: 165310
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Diethylnitrosamine
DESCRIPTOR: Immunosuppression
DESCRIPTOR: Nitrosamines
QUALIFIER: chemically induced
QUALIFIER: chemically induced
QUALIFIER: pharmacology
AUTHOR: J H Weisburger JH
AUTHOR: R M Madison RM
AUTHOR: J M Ward JM
AUTHOR: C Viguera C
AUTHOR: E K Weisburger EK
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Modification of diethylnitrosamine liver carcinogenesis with phenobarbital but not with immunosuppression.
PUBDATE: 19750501
Administration of 40 ppm diethylnitrosamine (DENA) in the drinking water for 10 weeks to male Fischer rats led to hepatocellular carcinoma in 100 percent with metastasis to the lung in 40 percent, of the animals living for the full experimental period of 20 weeks. Concurrent feeding of phenobarbital and DENA for 10 weeks produced cancer of the liver in 77 percent of the animals, but only 9 percent had metastases in the lung. A brief regimen of DENA for 4 weeks, followed by 16 weeks of observation, induced cancer of the liver in only 13 percent of the rats. Administration of phenobarbital, begun 1 week after cessation of DENA intake and terminated at week 20, led to liver cancer in 64 percent of the rodents. Hydroxyurea had no effect on this enhancement. Treatment with a purified gamma fraction of antilymphocytic serum after the DENA did not influence the outcome. Thus phenobarbital given together with DENA reduced the severity of the carcinogenic process, but when it was given after the hepatocarcinogen, it increased the effect.