0. DOCID:7343 SCORE: 0.00726736526493298
DOCNO: 7289916
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Models, Genetic
QUALIFIER: genetics
AUTHOR: P R Fain PR
AUTHOR: H T Lynch HT
AUTHOR: W A Albano WA
AUTHOR: T A Ruma TA
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Medical hypotheses.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: Sex differences in lung cancer incidence: a genetic model.
PUBDATE: 19810801
Family histories pertaining to cancer of all anatomic sites were ascertained on 88 Caucasian patients (61 males, 27 females) with histologically verified lung cancer. Lifetable analysis revealed that relatives of female probands had a significantly higher risk for cancer (all sites) at younger age (p less than .04) compared to relatives of male probands. This trend was peculiar to nonsmoking-associated cancer sites, and was not apparent for smoking-associated cancer sites. We hypothesize that certain components of genetic liability to lung cancer are common to nonsmoking-associated malignant neoplasms, and that females who develop lung cancer are more extreme with respect to genotype than are males who develop lung cancer. Our hypothesis accounts for the lower incidence of lung cancer among females, as well as the apparent increased susceptibility to cancer among their relatives.


1. DOCID:3191 SCORE: 0.0061678835705766
DOCNO: 169989
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: complications
QUALIFIER: complications
QUALIFIER: complications
AUTHOR: T Nakashima T
AUTHOR: K Okuda K
AUTHOR: M Kojiro M
AUTHOR: K Sakamoto K
AUTHOR: Y Kubo Y
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Primary liver cancer coincident with Schistosomiasis japonica. A study of 24 necropsies.
PUBDATE: 19751001
The etiologic relationship of parasitic liver disease to primary liver cancer has long been debated. For this reason, a review of 4611 necropsies was carried out to determine the frequency with which hepatocellular carcinoma occurred in association with schistosomiasis. Of 227 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, 24 (10.6%) were associated with schistosomiasis japonica. This was significantly higher than the incidence of this carcinoma without schistosomiasis (2.78%). The majority of the 24 cases exhibited the features of a mixed macronodular and micronodular cirrhosis (Gall's posthepatitic cirrhosis); this was super-imposed upon and caused a masking of schistosomiasis fibrosis. By radioimmunoassay hepatitis B antigen was positive in 27% of these cases. A review of the literature indicated that chronic schistosomiasis, on its own, is unlikely to be the cause of primary liver cell carcinoma. Histologic features resembling post-hepatitic cirrhosis combined with a high frequency of hepatitis B antigen suggest that viral hepatitis rather than S. japonicum is the more likely etiologic factor involved, or has a synergistic effect on carcinogenesis.


2. DOCID:10517 SCORE: 0.00600749954935269
DOCNO: 6806472
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Neutrons
QUALIFIER: radiotherapy
QUALIFIER: methods
AUTHOR: L Cohen L
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: Expanding options in radiation oncology: neutron beam therapy.
PUBDATE: 19820601
Twelve years' experience with neutron beam therapy in Britain, the USA, Europe and Japan shows that local control is achievable in late-stage epidermoid cancer somewhat more frequently than with conventional radiotherapy. Tumours reputed to be radioresistant (salivary gland, bladder, rectosigmoid, melanoma, bone and soft-tissue sarcomas) have proved to be particularly responsive to neutrons. Pilot studies in brain and pancreatic tumours suggest promising new approaches to management of cancer in these sites. The availability of neutron therapy in the clinical environment opens new prospects for irradiation of 'radioresistant' tumours, permits more conservative cancer surgery, expands the use of elective chemotherapy and provides a wider range of options for cancer patients.


3. DOCID:7404 SCORE: 0.0055685549083676
DOCNO: 7245351
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: diagnosis
AUTHOR: G Cardona G
AUTHOR: S Ciatto S
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Tumori.
COUNTRY: ITALY
TITLE: Criteria of clinical and radiological diagnosis in nonpuerperal acute phlogistic-like processes of the breast: considerations on 97 consecutive cases.
PUBDATE: 19810201
The authors report a series of 97 cases of phlogistic-like process of the breast. Clinical and radiological signs and criteria of differential diagnosis between benign phlogosis and cancer are investigated. The location in the areolar/periareolar region, the presence of fever, and the radiological evidence of limited skin thickening were the features more significantly correlated with benign phlogosis, while cancer should be suspected in the case of lesions located in the upper-outer quadrant and in presence of a diffuse skin thickening at radiological examination. These diagnostic criteria seem particularly useful since the typical clinical or radiological signs of cancer are present only in 50% of cancer cases. The cytological examination of nipple discharge or needle aspiration fluid is of particular help: no false positive or negative cases were observed in a series of 42 examined patients.


4. DOCID:3868 SCORE: 0.00554960590539212
DOCNO: 877854
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Pancreatic Ducts
QUALIFIER: secretion
QUALIFIER: secretion
QUALIFIER: physiopathology
AUTHOR: H A Reber HA
AUTHOR: F E Johnson FE
AUTHOR: C Montgomery C
AUTHOR: W R Carl WR
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Surgery.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Pancreatic secretion in hamsters with pancreatic cancer.
PUBDATE: 19770701
Pancreatic secretory abnormalities develop in most persons with pancreatic cancer and have been attributed to ductal obstruction. These experiments investigated whether abnormal secretion results instead from carcinogen-induced changes in the secreting cells. Fifty male Syrian Golden hamsters (40 to 100 grams) received weekly injections of di-isopropyl-nitrosamine (250 mg/kg, subcutaneously), and survivors and age-matched controls were studied after 3.5 to 6.5 months of treatment. Pancreatic secretion was stimulated by secretin or cholecystokinin (2 units/kg, intravenously, as a bolus). After each stimulus four 15-minute collections of pancreatic juice were analyzed for HCO3- and Cl- or total protein, amylase, trypsin, and chymotrypsin. The organs were examined histologically. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma developed in 30% of the animals at 5 months, 56% at 5.5 months, and 100% at 6.5 months. The animals without cancer either had hyperplasia of the duct epithelium or were histologically normal. The histologic appearance of acinar tissue and protein secretion were normal in all groups. The tumors did not obstruct the major ducts. In all treated animals the pancreatic secretory response to secretin was of low volume, low maximal [HCO3-] and HCO3- output, and low [Cl- + HCO3-]; these changes progressed with time. The secretory abnormalities antedated the appearance of the neoplasms and were not caused by obstruction.


5. DOCID:17933 SCORE: 0.00544580033304978
DOCNO: 1372399
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: complications
QUALIFIER: complications
QUALIFIER: etiology
QUALIFIER: etiology
AUTHOR: J B Epstein JB
AUTHOR: S Silverman S
AFFILIATION: Division of Dentistry, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada.
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
PUBTYPE: Review
JOURNALTITLE: Oral surgery, oral medicine, and oral pathology.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Head and neck malignancies associated with HIV infection.
PUBDATE: 19920201
Immunosuppressed persons are at greater risk of developing malignancies. In human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) immunosuppression the most common oral cancers are Kaposi's sarcoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Squamous cell carcinoma has also been reported to be associated with HIV disease. Kaposi's sarcoma is the most frequent neoplastic disease in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and is by far the most common in the head and neck area. This article reviews the prevalence, clinical features, and management of these diseases in HIV infection.


6. DOCID:25897 SCORE: 0.00515750118238086
DOCNO: 10783788
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Models, Statistical
AUTHOR: S W Thurston SW
AUTHOR: M P Wand MP
AUTHOR: J K Wiencke JK
AFFILIATION: Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. sthursto@hsph.harvard.edu
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Biometrics.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Negative binomial additive models.
PUBDATE: 20000301
The generalized additive model is extended to handle negative binomial responses. The extension is complicated by the fact that the negative binomial distribution has two parameters and is not in the exponential family. The methodology is applied to data involving DNA adduct counts and smoking variables among ex-smokers with lung cancer. A more detailed investigation is made of the parametric relationship between the number of adducts and years since quitting while retaining a smooth relationship between adducts and the other covariates.


7. DOCID:22554 SCORE: 0.0049090874355458
DOCNO: 8984148
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: chemistry
QUALIFIER: isolation & purification
QUALIFIER: pharmacology
QUALIFIER: isolation & purification
QUALIFIER: pharmacology
AUTHOR: J H Sheu JH
AUTHOR: S Y Huang SY
AUTHOR: C Y Duh CY
AFFILIATION: Department of Marine Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Taiwan, Republic of China.
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Journal of natural products.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Cytotoxic oxygenated desmosterols of the red alga Galaxaura marginata.
PUBDATE: 19960101
Desmosterol (1), 24,25-epoxycholesterol (2), 24-hydroperoxycholesta-5,25-dien-3 beta-ol (3), 25-hydroperoxycholesta-5,23(E)-dien-3 beta-ol (4), cholesta-5,25-diene-3 beta,24-diol (5), and 24,25-epoxy-6 beta-hydroxycholest-4-en-3-one (7) were isolated from the marine red alga Galaxaura marginata; sterols 3, 4, and 7 were isolated for the first time from a natural source. Sterols 3-7 exhibited significant cytotoxicity toward several cancer cell lines.


8. DOCID:22600 SCORE: 0.00490908556665496
DOCNO: 9157516
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Gene Therapy
AUTHOR: P Moullier P
AUTHOR: N Ferry N
AUTHOR: J M Heard JM
AFFILIATION: Laboratoire de thérapie génique, CHU Hötel-Dieu, Nantes.
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: La Revue du praticien.
COUNTRY: FRANCE
TITLE: [Principles and stakes of gene therapy]
PUBDATE: 19970101
As the human genome sequencing expands and the molecular bases of diseases are better understood, the tools that allow gene packaging and transfer are available. Transferring a therapeutical gene becomes a reality and indeed more than 100 clinical protocols are currently exploring a variety of applications, from the inherited genetic diseases such as cystic fibrosis to the acquired ones such as cancer. Herein, we describe the different gene transfer strategies applied to animals and humans and we present the advantages and limitations of the currently available vectors which, today, represent the limiting factor for efficient gene therapy.


9. DOCID:2926 SCORE: 0.00483874837723853
DOCNO: 1228259
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Lymph Node Excision
DESCRIPTOR: Mastectomy
QUALIFIER: surgery
AUTHOR: K Esato K
AUTHOR: R Kaku R
AUTHOR: R Yamaki R
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: The Japanese journal of surgery.
COUNTRY: JAPAN
TITLE: Reevaluation of parasternal lymph node dissection in the treatment of mammary cancer.
PUBDATE: 19750901
One hundred and forty one patients with mammary cancer underwent the extended radical mastectomy with parasternal lymph nodes dissection between January, 1966 and December, 1974. From the basis of the present report involvement of parasternaly lymph node chain was evaluated retrospectively with respect to the stage, location, size, histological type of cancer, metastasis to axillary and subclavicular lymph nodes, and the five-year survival rate. The parasternal as well as subclavicular and axillary lymph node involvements were not found in non-infiltrating cancer. The more the stage of cancer advanced, the more frequently the parasternal lymph nodes were involved regardless of the location of cancer in the breast. The parasternal lymph node chain alone was rarely involved, but frequently affected along with the axillary lymph nodes. When the parasternal lymph nodes were involved, the five-year survival rate was extremely poor, even after their surgical removal. Subsequently, addition of parasternal lymph node dissection does not seem to be beneficial.


10. DOCID:19757 SCORE: 0.00482007106694167
DOCNO: 8371372
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Bladder
QUALIFIER: surgery
QUALIFIER: surgery
QUALIFIER: surgery
QUALIFIER: surgery
AUTHOR: R J Hedden RJ
AUTHOR: N Husseinzadeh N
AUTHOR: R B Bracken RB
AFFILIATION: Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Ohio.
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: The Journal of urology.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Bladder sparing surgery for locally advanced female urethral cancer.
PUBDATE: 19931001
Cystectomy remains one of the standard treatments for women with locally advanced (stage C) urethral cancer, or stage A or B lesions that have failed radiation therapy. Often, the urethral neoplasm does not invade the bladder. We treated 5 women with stage C urethral cancer by wide local excision with or without concomitant radiation therapy, while preserving the bladder. Local control was achieved in all patients with followup ranging from 4 to 75 months (median 42). We believe that bladder sparing treatment strategies should be considered for selected stage C tumors when the bladder is not invaded by the neoplasm.


11. DOCID:10243 SCORE: 0.00472975743587724
DOCNO: 6821874
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: radiotherapy
QUALIFIER: radiotherapy
QUALIFIER: radiotherapy
AUTHOR: D C Chacko DC
AUTHOR: F R Hendrickson FR
AUTHOR: A Fisher A
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Definitive irradiation of T1-T4N0 larynx cancer.
PUBDATE: 19830301
The use of definitive irradiation in T1-T4N0 larynx cancer was reviewed in 236 patients at Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center in Chicago. Recurrence-free survival for all stages was 86% at five years. Ultimate recurrence-free survival, including successful surgical salvage, was 91% at five years. The data described herein and the literature reviewed support the recommendation for definitive radiation therapy for T1 and T2N0 larynx cancer of any site. T3 lesions may also be reasonably treated with radiation therapy initially, reserving surgery for salvage. However, more data are needed to accurately identify the T3 larynx cancer patients most suited for radiation therapy.


12. DOCID:31170 SCORE: 0.00459085286649682
DOCNO: 15766656
AUTHOR: Pablo Rodriguez-Viciana P
AUTHOR: Frank McCormick F
AFFILIATION: University of California, San Francisco, Cancer Research Institute, 2340 Sutter Street, San Francisco, California, 94115, USA.
PUBTYPE: Comment
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer cell.
COUNTRY: United States
TITLE: RalGDS comes of age.
PUBDATE: 20050301
Ras proteins send signals through multiple effector pathways. The Raf/MEK/MAPK and PI 3' kinase pathways are well-validated Ras effectors in human cancers, but many other candidate pathways could be equally important. RalGDS is such a candidate: in a new paper from Chris Marshall's group, an important role for RalGDS in Ras transformation in vivo has been established for the first time. Mice lacking RalGDS are defective in tumor formation, possibly because of increased apoptosis in Ras-driven tumors. The hunt for a clear role for RalGDS activation in human cancer is on.


13. DOCID:15864 SCORE: 0.004586783146417
DOCNO: 2687307
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: history
AUTHOR: O Vesterberg O
AFFILIATION: Division of Medical Chemistry, National Institute of Occupational Health, Solna, Sweden.
PUBTYPE: Historical Article
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Journal of chromatography.
COUNTRY: NETHERLANDS
TITLE: History of electrophoretic methods.
PUBDATE: 19891001
Electrophoresis is the migration of electrically charged particles or ions in solutions due to an applied electric field. The ability to separate very similar substances including different proteins for analytical and preparative purposes has increased, especially since 1950, owing to the introduction of zone electrophoresis in paper and later in gels of polyacrylamide or agarose. After 1960, disc and displacement electrophoresis (isotachophoresis) and isoelectric focusing offered much increased resolution. Electrophoretic methods nowadays promote advances in biochemistry and molecular biology and will continue to be very important in science and for numerous applications in genetics, gene technology, sequencing of nucleic acids and proteins, studies of diseases and malfunctions including cancer, and in the identification of species and individuals, e.g., in forensic medicine.


14. DOCID:19482 SCORE: 0.00438316270256066
DOCNO: 1526520
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
QUALIFIER: secondary
QUALIFIER: secondary
QUALIFIER: secondary
AUTHOR: L Kumar L
AUTHOR: R K Tanwar RK
AUTHOR: S P Singh SP
AFFILIATION: Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi.
PUBTYPE: Case Reports
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
PUBTYPE: Review
JOURNALTITLE: Gynecologic oncology.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Intracranial metastases from carcinoma cervix and review of literature.
PUBDATE: 19920901
Brain metastases from primary cervical carcinoma are uncommon. Only 41 cases have been reported so far in the English literature. We have seen 2 cases over the last 2 years among 481 patients with cervical cancer. Brain metastases developed 7 and 35 months after the primary diagnosis. One patient with solitary metastasis had no evidence of disease elsewhere and is free of disease after surgery and radiation therapy 7 months after the brain metastasis. Another patient with multiple brain metastases and cervical disease is alive 2 months after palliative radiation therapy.