0. DOCID:7193 SCORE: 0.00143461071480198
DOCNO: 203902
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: pathology
AUTHOR: E P Fazzini EP
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Postgraduate medicine.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Lung cancer: the pathologist's role in management.
PUBDATE: 19780201
The prognosis of lung cancer is poor, although there is hope for improvement based on early detection through cytologic screening and the use of newer treatment protocols. Although there are difficulties inherent in classifying tumors by type on the basis of very small samples of lesions that are not necessarily homogeneous, the pathologist should use a standard classification that sets forth definite criteria for the differentiated types. Among the common tumors, a small, well-differentiated epidermoid carcinoma with no evidence of lymph node involvement has the most favorable prognosis, and a small-cell anaplastic or oat cell carcinoma the worst. Results of therapy for tumors of other types show much variation. Future studies of lung cancer should include careful clinical staging and, when resection is done, pathologic staging. More study of the immunomorphology of lymph nodes is needed, as this may provide highly useful prognostic information.

1. DOCID:7772 SCORE: 0.00136147878087502
DOCNO: 534827
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: surgery
QUALIFIER: etiology
QUALIFIER: adverse effects
AUTHOR: H M Spence HM
AUTHOR: W W Hoffman WW
AUTHOR: G P Fosmire GP
PUBTYPE: Case Reports
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: British journal of urology.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: Tumour of the colon as a late complication of ureterosigmoidostomy for exstrophy of the bladder.
PUBDATE: 19791201
Two cases of cancer of the colon have occurred recently in our series of 38 patients with exstrophy of the bladder treated by ureterosigmoidostomy. Twenty-six and 14 years elapsed between the original operation and the diagnosis of malignancy. Since 1929 the literature contains reports of 55 patients who have developed bowel neoplasms as a late complication of this form of diversion. The operation was performed for exstrophy in 35 of these, in whom the resulting tumour at the anastomotic site was malignant in 28 and benign in 7 patients. The shortest interval between ureterosigmoidostomy and recognition of the growth was 10 years with a mean latent period of 25 years. The aetiology remains uncertain but it is clear that long-term survivors after ureterosigmoidostomy should have diagnostic large bowel studies included in the follow-up.

2. DOCID:7698 SCORE: 0.00136112455365395
DOCNO: 6173052
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Hypophysectomy
DESCRIPTOR: Hypophysectomy, Chemical
DESCRIPTOR: Palliative Care
QUALIFIER: secondary
QUALIFIER: therapy
AUTHOR: J W Lloyd JW
AUTHOR: W A Rawlinson WA
AUTHOR: P J Evans PJ
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: British journal of anaesthesia.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: Selective hypophysectomy for metastatic pain. A review of ethyl alcohol ablation of the anterior pituitary in a Regional Pain Relief Unit.
PUBDATE: 19811101
Selective adenohypophysectomy, by the injection of up to 1 ml of absolute alcohol to the pituitary gland, was used to produce pain relief in 25 patients suffering from metastatic cancer. Thirty-five treatments were given and good analgesia was obtained in 74%. The median duration of pain relief was 6-7 weeks, although some treatments produced relief for up to 20 months. The procedure was most successful in relieving bone pain in patients with advanced carcinoma of the breast or prostate. The use of a fine-gauge needle for the intranasal trans-sphenoidal approach to the gland and the injection of alcohol to the anterior part (pars distalis) of the gland reduced the frequency of the major complications diabetes insipidus (17%) and prolonged visual disturbance (3%).

3. DOCID:4834 SCORE: 0.00134107210320401
DOCNO: 7356527
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: mortality
QUALIFIER: mortality
QUALIFIER: mortality
AUTHOR: M R Greenberg MR
AUTHOR: J Caruana J
AUTHOR: B Holcomb B
AUTHOR: G Greenberg G
AUTHOR: R Parker R
AUTHOR: J Louis J
AUTHOR: P White P
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer research.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: High cancer mortality rates from childhood leukemia and young adult Hodgkin's disease and lymphoma in the New Jersey-New York-Philadelphia Metropolitan Corridor, 1950 to 1969.
PUBDATE: 19800201
In comparison to the United States as a whole and to their total population age-adjusted rates, the New Jersey-New York-Philadelphia Metropolitan Region was found to have excessively high childhood leukemia and high young adult Hodgkin's disease and lymphoma cancer mortality rates in the period from 1950 to 1969.

4. DOCID:6480 SCORE: 0.00113806841139841
DOCNO: 6269241
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: analysis
QUALIFIER: analysis
QUALIFIER: analysis
AUTHOR: J P Minton JP
AUTHOR: H Abou-Issa H
AUTHOR: J B Elliot JB
AUTHOR: M K Foecking MK
AUTHOR: J M Roseman JM
AUTHOR: R H Matthews RH
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Surgery.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Biochemical subgrouping of benign breast disease to define premalignant potential.
PUBDATE: 19811001
To determine which subgroups of benign breast disease are likely to progress to malignant degeneration, a biochemical analysis of 3'5' cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) was run on several samples of breast tissue. cAMP is elevated in a progressive fashion from normal breast tissue to fibrosis, cystic mastitis, ductular hyperplasias, and finally to carcinoma. Correlation of cAMP levels in breast lesions with histopathologic grading of increasing epithelial proliferation confirmed the concept that there are subgroups within those lesions that have greater malignant potential. Benign breast lesions with significantly higher cAMP levels, although still lower than those of cancer, must be considered at higher risk for eventual malignant change.

5. DOCID:6991 SCORE: 0.00107787322117924
DOCNO: 6453784
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: diagnosis
QUALIFIER: radiography
QUALIFIER: diagnosis
QUALIFIER: diagnosis
AUTHOR: W N Sinner WN
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: RöFo : Fortschritte auf dem Gebiete der Röntgenstrahlen und der Nuklearmedizin.
COUNTRY: GERMANY, WEST
TITLE: Pleuroma--a cancer-mimicking atelectatic pseudotumor of the lung. 55 consecutive cases studied by high KV radiography, bronchography, selective pulmonary angiography and needle biopsy (author's transl)]
PUBDATE: 19801201
A form of cancer--mimicking atelectatic pseudotumor of the lung called "pleuroma" is described. Since 1961 55 cases were studied by needle aspiration biopsy. Due to the usual "negative" results ("no cancer cells") of the needle biopsy, a radiographic pattern was recognized, of the basis of which the benignity of the lesion was correctly diagnosed in most cases. The radiographic appearance of these lesions was not only established with PA, lateral and oblique high KV radiographs, fluoroscopy with overpenetrated spot films, but also by bronchography, and selective pulmonary angiography. Needle biopsy was helpful in conforming a diagnosis in typical cases. However it was of paramount importance in atypical cases to recognize the lesion.

6. DOCID:5597 SCORE: 0.00107750243418406
DOCNO: 761213
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: etiology
QUALIFIER: adverse effects
QUALIFIER: etiology
QUALIFIER: adverse effects
AUTHOR: J H Epstein JH
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer research.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Stimulation of ultraviolet-induced carcinogenesis by 1,3-Bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea.
PUBDATE: 19790201
The influence of 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) on ultraviolet-induced carcinogenesis was examined in hairless mouse skin in vivo. Noncarcinogenic amounts of topically applied BCNU and carcinogenic levels of UVB energy were utilized in the study. The applications of BCNU significantly accelerated the appearance and growth of the cutaneous tumors in this study. Thus, the BCNU acted as either a promoting or a cocarcinogenic agent for ultraviolet-induced cancer formation. Although the mechanism of this effect has not been established, avoidance of extensive sun exposure would probably be prudent when topical BCNU is being utilized therapeutically.

7. DOCID:7415 SCORE: 0.00107748981123709
DOCNO: 537626
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: etiology
QUALIFIER: physiology
QUALIFIER: etiology
AUTHOR: M C Pike MC
AUTHOR: V R Gerkins VR
AUTHOR: J T Casagrande JT
AUTHOR: G E Gray GE
AUTHOR: J Brown J
AUTHOR: B E Henderson BE
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: National Cancer Institute monograph.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: The hormonal basis of breast cancer.
PUBDATE: 19791101
Both animal experiments and certain well-established breast cancer risk factors suggest that risk to the disease is fundamentally determined by the hormones of the pituitary-gonadal axis. Although international comparisons of urinary estrogens have given support to this ypothesis, case-control studies and international comparisons of plasma estrogens and prolactin have not. Methodological problems and sampling biases probably account for the inconsistency of these investigations. Taking advantage of the known familial increased risk to breast cancer, we conducted comparative studies of teenage daughters of patients with breast cancer, including a group of girls whose mothers had bilateral breast cancer when they were less than 50 years old. The results of these studies revealed that these high-risk girls appear to have elevated levels of estrogens, prolactin, and progesterone.

8. DOCID:6823 SCORE: 0.00107748248004884
DOCNO: 7272957
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: surgery
QUALIFIER: rehabilitation
AUTHOR: S H Sachs SH
AUTHOR: J M Davis JM
AUTHOR: S A Reynolds SA
AUTHOR: M Spagnola M
AUTHOR: P Hall P
AUTHOR: A Bloch A
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Comparative results of postmastectomy rehabilitation in a specialized and a community hospital.
PUBDATE: 19810901
This article describes results of postmastectomy rehabilitation program as operating at Mt. Sinai Hospital of Cleveland, a general community facility. Common physical and emotional problems following mastectomy are documented, as well as barriers to effective rehabilitation--particularly the fact that such programs are usually associated with specialized oncology settings and not seen as feasible in the community hospital. An analysis of outcomes of a program operated at both Mt. Sinai and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center demonstrates that comparable and positive patient outcomes can be achieved in terms of range of motion, resumption of prior activities, and emotional stress. Recommendations are made regarding ways to overcome common problems in implementing such programs in an inexpensive and effective manner.

9. DOCID:7326 SCORE: 0.00107746430075945
DOCNO: 476590
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: therapy
AUTHOR: R T Eagan RT
AUTHOR: T R Fleming TR
AUTHOR: V Schoonover V
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Evaluation of response criteria in advanced lung cancer.
PUBDATE: 19790901
Because we found it illogical to attempt measurement of nonmeasurable but visible tumors in patients with advanced lung cancer, we devised and used a separate set of response criteria for patients with evaluable, nonmeasurable tumors. Patients with evaluable disease who had obtained a tumor regression after therapy were compared to patients with measurable disease who had obtained a tumor regression according to standard criteria. Among 191 cases evaluated (54% with measurable and 46% with evaluable disease), 59 tumor regressions were found (35 in patients with measurable disease and 24 in patients with evaluable disease). Evaluating regressions in patients with both types of disease, we could not detect statistical differences in regression rates, times to regression, durations of regression or survival. We believe the response criteria used for patients with evaluable, nonmeasurable lung cancer to be valid in assessing response to therapy.

10. DOCID:7710 SCORE: 0.00107745916969043
DOCNO: 7438019
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Mammography
QUALIFIER: genetics
AUTHOR: J N Wolfe JN
AUTHOR: S Albert S
AUTHOR: S Belle S
AUTHOR: M Salane M
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Familial influences on breast parenchymal patterns.
PUBDATE: 19801201
Some studies accomplished thus far have indicated that mammographic patterns may serve as risk indices for breast cancer. The present investigation was undertaken to determine whether patterns are familial. Mammograms from 110 mothers and their daughters and 122 sister pairs and a like number of unrelated controls matched for patient age, reproductive history, and personal and family history of breast cancer and drawn from the files of the Radiology Department of Hutzel Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, were compared. A familial influence was indicated by the finding that pattern similarities were significantly stronger in test cases than in unrelated controls. This influence appeared to be manifested by premature age changes in daughters and younger sisters and consisted, primarily, of a decrease in DY and an increase in P2 patterns. The data suggest that performing mammography on first degree relatives of women with high risk P2 and DY patterns should be considered.

11. DOCID:7420 SCORE: 0.00107530467354835
DOCNO: 470044
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: isolation & purification
QUALIFIER: microbiology
AUTHOR: D Kiani D
AUTHOR: E L Quinn EL
AUTHOR: K H Burch KH
AUTHOR: T Madhavan T
AUTHOR: L D Saravolatz LD
AUTHOR: T R Neblett TR
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: The increasing importance of polymicrobial bacteremia.
PUBDATE: 19790901
Polymicrobial bacteremia increased from 6% in 1970 to 13% in 1975 in patients with bloodstream infections. This type of serious infection most commonly complicated genitourinary (27%) and gastrointestinal (26%) conditions, frequently followed invasive procedures (68%), was more common in hospitalized patients (73%), and was often associated with malignancies (25%) or immunosuppressive or cancer chemotherapy (34%). Although polymicrobial endocarditis was more commonly encountered in recent years, this infection accounted for only 4.5% of patients with multiple organism bacteremias. Gram-negative aerobic bacteria were isolated from 62% and anaerobic bacteria in 39% of patients with polymicrobial bacteremia compared with 37% and 14%, respectively, in patients with monomicrobial bacteremia. In the 88 patients with polymicrobial bacteremia, the mortality was 44.5%, compared with 18.0% in patients with monomicrobial bacteremia.

12. DOCID:6752 SCORE: 0.000813836263716987
DOCNO: 7302219
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: diagnosis
QUALIFIER: diagnosis
AUTHOR: L Tabár L
AUTHOR: Z Péntek Z
AUTHOR: P B Dean PB
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Radiology.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: The diagnostic and therapeutic value of breast cyst puncture and pneumocystography.
PUBDATE: 19811201
Out of 53,459 women undergoing mammography, 434 pneumocystographic examinations were performed in 338 patients. Thirteen benign and 13 malignant intracystic tumors were detected, for a frequency of 6.0%. Intracystic cancers comprised 1.3% of all malignant tumors. Neither visual nor cytological examination of cyst fluid was sufficient to detect or rule out cancer, and the authors feel that pneumocystography is the only reliable method. Excision is the preferred therapy, and histological examination is the definitive method of differentiating benign from malignant tumors. In more than 97% of cases, pneumocystography of simple cysts is therapeutic. Without evidence of intracystic tumor on pneumocystography, cyst removal is unnecessary. The patient can be followed up with mammography, and any recurrent or new cysts can be diagnosed and treated by pneumocystography alone.

13. DOCID:6155 SCORE: 0.000802686765719245
DOCNO: 466937
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Research Design
QUALIFIER: therapy
AUTHOR: R F Mould RF
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Clinical radiology.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: Clinical trial design in cancer.
PUBDATE: 19790701
The design of clinical trials in cancer is a subject which features reasonably often among FRCR (Part 1) examination questions, and as such should be of more than passing interest to oncologists. It is also a subject which is gaining in relevance since the number of trials is increasing annually due in part to the many chemotherapeutic regimes which are being proposed. This paper which is based on a lecture given in Cambridge at the Hospital Physicists' Association Annual Conference in September 1978, is intended to act as an introduction to clinical trial design. References for further reading are given and, in particular, the extensive report on randomised clinical trials to the Medical Research Council's Leukaemia Steering Committee (Peto et al., 1977, 1978) is recommended.

14. DOCID:5766 SCORE: 0.000799294206304347
DOCNO: 92421
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: prevention & control
QUALIFIER: drug therapy
QUALIFIER: therapeutic use
QUALIFIER: therapeutic use
QUALIFIER: antagonists & inhibitors
QUALIFIER: antagonists & inhibitors
AUTHOR: L M Greenbaum LM
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Federation proceedings.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Pepstatin, an inhibitor of acid kininogenases and ascites retardant in neoplastic disease.
PUBDATE: 19791201
Evidence is reviewed that pepstatin, an inhibitor of acid kininogenases such as cathepsin D, may be an effective therapeutic agent in retarding ascites accumulation in certain cancers. The evidence for this conclusion is based on the actions of pepstatin in retarding ascites in six different tumor strains inoculated into various species of mice, as well as the demonstration that cathepsin D activity is reduced in vivo in several organs following pepstatin administration. The latter is significant since we have postulated that ascites formation, in good part, is due to leukokinin formation, which is catalyzed by cellular-released cathepsin D.