0. DOCID:3959 SCORE: 0.00684652195261322
DOCNO: 325740
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Kidney Transplantation
QUALIFIER: etiology
AUTHOR: A G Sheil AG
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Transplantation proceedings.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Cancer in renal allograft recipients in Australia and New Zealand.
PUBDATE: 19770301
Total incidence and outcome of cancer in all renal allograft recipients in one geographic area are known: 126 (7%) of 1884 patients developed cancer during an 11-year period. Proportions with cancer 1 and 5 years following successful transplantation were 11% and 24%, respectively. Numbers, proportion of malignancies, and average time of diagnosis post transplantation were as follows: reticulum cell sarcoma (RCS) 15 (11%), 18 months; adenocarcinoma 8 (6%), 21/2 years; cancer of cervix 6 (5%), 41/2 years; leukemia 2 (2%), 5 years. All were highly malignant except cancer of the cervix, 2 localized forms of RCS, and 4 cases of cerebral RCS that responded to radiotherapy. Skin malignancy (SM) occurred in 97 patients (77% of cancers). The frequency increased with time, and after 4 years 18% of survivors had this cancer. In patients with SM 17% had multiple lesions when first diagnosed; further cancers or recurrences of the same type developed in 23%; another form of SM developed in 15%; metastases occurred 9 times (9%), 4 fatally. Six (6%) patients with SM developed other forms of malignancy, as compared to 33 (2%) of 1786 patients without SM. Ooulook for patients with SM with regard to survival and graft function was greatly improved at 5 years, as compared to that for patients without SM. Thereafter the outlook for patients with SM worsened rapidly because of additional effects of malignancy.


1. DOCID:3853 SCORE: 0.00547414046922971
DOCNO: 1277111
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: therapy
AUTHOR: F N Rutledge FN
AUTHOR: J T Wharton JT
AUTHOR: G H Fletcher GH
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Clinical studies with adjunctive surgery and irradiation therapy in the treatment of carcinoma of the cervix.
PUBDATE: 19760701
The majority of patients with cancer of the cervix are treated adequately by irradiation alone, and surgery is not necessary. A role for operation developsin certain patients with Stage I-II cancer of the cervix, who are prone to develop central recurrence if treated by irradiation alone. In these patients the primary lesion is massive. The vasculature to the center of these bulky or barrel-shaped cancer is insufficient, and a population of the cancer cells, perhaps related to anoxia, is more resistant to irradiation. The postirradiation conservative hysterectomy was incorporated into the treatment plan for 212 selected patients and the number of local recurrences was reduced. Incomplete cure of the peripheral component of the disease is another mechanism of treatment failure. This may occur, even though the primary lesion is cured. Patients with cervical cancers greater than 5 cm diameter have a high incidence of node metastasis, regardless of clinical stage. In those patients with positive nodes, the standard portals for external irradiation were expanded to include nodes at higher levels. The site of metastases was established by pretreatment laparotomy and the irradiation portals were then extended to include the involved nodes. Survival rates were not improved, because recurrences were not prevented, and death from treatment complications were high.


2. DOCID:2859 SCORE: 0.00515730530677073
DOCNO: 922746
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: blood
QUALIFIER: blood
AUTHOR: W B Malarkey WB
AUTHOR: L L Schroeder LL
AUTHOR: V C Stevens VC
AUTHOR: A G James AG
AUTHOR: R R Lanese RR
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer research.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Twenty-four-hour preoperative endocrine profiles in women with benign and malignant breast disease.
PUBDATE: 19771201
Mean 24-hr growth hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, estradiol, and progesterone concentrations determined preoperatively in 16 women with benign breast masses and 17 patients with breast cancer were similar to those levels found in 25 age- and weight-matched control subjects. Mean 24-hr testosterone levels, however, were significantly elevated in women with breast cancer evaluated in the luteal phase of their cycles and were normal in postmenopausal breast cancer women. In addition, serum thyroid-stimulating hormone, thyroxine, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels were normal in these subjects. Plasma cortisols and urinary 17-hydroxysteroid excretion tended to be higher in both the benign and malignant breast disease group and probably reflected preoperative anxiety. Hence, we have found normal concentrations of a variety of endocrine and other biochemical agents that can stimulate breast tissue growth and/or have been previously reported to be disordered in women with breast cancer.


3. DOCID:1975 SCORE: 0.00474393050926048
DOCNO: 1181077
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Skin Tests
QUALIFIER: drug effects
QUALIFIER: pharmacology
QUALIFIER: immunology
AUTHOR: T J Cunningham TJ
AUTHOR: P B Weber PB
AUTHOR: H D Teitelbaum HD
AUTHOR: F A Blumenstock FA
AUTHOR: C Charniga C
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Clinical and experimental immunology.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: Delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions to concanavalin A-binding tumour membrane components.
PUBDATE: 19750701
The use of affinity chromatography has permitted the isolation of those tumour membrane fractions possessing affinity for the lectin concanavalin A. That these fractions are rich in tumour-associated antigens is supported by their ability to induce delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions. The tumour extracts possessing concanavalin affinity resulted in skin test reactivity of considerably greater frequency and magnitude than normal tissue fractions, disrupted unfractionated tumour membrane extracts, or tumour membrane fractions not possessing concanavalin A affinity. Although the present data does not permit the correlation of skin reactivity with patient or disease parameters, the isolation of augmented concentrations of tumour-associated antigens may lead to improved diagnostic and prognostic tests and vaccines for patients with cancer.


4. DOCID:3865 SCORE: 0.00457935432771904
DOCNO: 303543
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: therapeutic use
QUALIFIER: drug therapy
AUTHOR: W Mattsson W
AUTHOR: A Arwidi A
AUTHOR: F von Eyben F
AUTHOR: C E Lindholm CE
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer treatment reports.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Phase II study of combined vincristine, adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, and methotrexate with citrovorum factor factor rescue in metastatic breast cancer.
PUBDATE: 19771101
Fifty patients with metastatic breast cancer were treated with 8-day courses of vincristine (1 mg iv, Day 1), adriamycin (50 mg/m2 iv, Day 1), cyclophosphamide (100 mg/m2 orally, Days 1-8), methotrexate (200 mg iv by 3-hour infusion, Day 8), and citrovorum factor rescue (15 mg in 12, 18, and 24 hours after methotrexate, Day 8) at 3-4-week intervals. Forty-two patients had previously received treatment with hormones and 17 patients had received chemotherapy. Fifteen patients achieved a complete remission (CR) and 24 patients a partial remission (PR). There was a significant correlation between the response and the number of metastatic organs (0.01 less than P less than 0.02). The response rate was roughly uniform irrespective of the organ predominantly involved (0.2 less than P less than 0.3). The remission duration was significantly longer for the patients with CR compared with that for the patients with PR (0.001 less than P less than 0.01). The patients who achieved CRs and PRs survived significantly longer than the patients with no change and progressive disease (P less than 0.001). The toxic effects of the treatment were acceptable and no drug-related deaths occurred.


5. DOCID:3201 SCORE: 0.00436770021038621
DOCNO: 196583
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: mortality
AUTHOR: J R Farwell JR
AUTHOR: G W Farwell GW
AUTHOR: G J Dohrmann GJ
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Archives of neurology.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: A method for characterizing subgroups and related survivals in cancer patients. Application to brain tumors.
PUBDATE: 19770901
It has long been known that if the probability of dying of a given cancer remains constant over time, the logarithmic plot of survival of a group of patients with that cancer will be a straight line. More frequently, however, the probability of dying varies with time and the logarithmic survival plot is a curve. We believe that in some cases a population of patients with one type of neoplasm may be composed of several subgroups, each of which has a simple predictable course with a rectilinear survival plot. This article describes a method for partitioning such survival plots and identifying and characterizing the subgroups and applies the method to a group of patients with brain tumors. The value of being able to identify these subgroups and their relative proportions, the observations that can be made with this analysis regarding the nature of the various subgroups of brain tumors, and the implications of changes in the half-lives as well as the proportions of the subgroups with time are discussed.


6. DOCID:3356 SCORE: 0.00405351468750198
DOCNO: 1256510
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: etiology
QUALIFIER: adverse effects
QUALIFIER: etiology
AUTHOR: M J Favus MJ
AUTHOR: A B Schneider AB
AUTHOR: M E Stachura ME
AUTHOR: J E Arnold JE
AUTHOR: U Y Ryo UY
AUTHOR: S M Pinsky SM
AUTHOR: M Colman M
AUTHOR: M J Arnold MJ
AUTHOR: L A Frohman LA
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: The New England journal of medicine.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Thyroid cancer occurring as a late consequence of head-and-neck irradiation. Evaluation of 1056 patients.
PUBDATE: 19760501
From January 1 to September 30, 1974, we examined 1056 of 5266 subjects (20.1%) who had received therapeutic irradiation primarily for infections and inflammatory disease of the upper respiratory tract at our institution during the 1940's and 1950's. The tonsillar and nasopharyngeal region was the treatment site in 85% of those examined. Palpable nodular thyroid disease was found in 16.5%, and nonpalpable lesions were detected by 99m Tc pertechnetate thyroid imaging in an additional 10.7%, for a prevalence of nodular disease of 27.2%. Operation on 71% with nodular disease revealed thyroid cancer in 33% (60 of 182). Preliminary analysis for potential risk factors suggests a correlation between radiation exposure and the presence of thyroid nodules (P less than 0.001). These findings indicate that nodular thyroid disease, both benign and malignant, continues as a major health problem for at least 35 years in exposed subjects.


7. DOCID:3312 SCORE: 0.00398645314610207
DOCNO: 813826
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: diagnosis
AUTHOR: D G Miller DG
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: What is early diagnosis doing?
PUBDATE: 19760101
Programs for the early detection of cancer in the past have been beset with problems of low yield, inability to recruit high risk populations, poor utilization of physicians, and inadequate end results evaluation. Nevertheless, for twelve forms of cancer representing 80% of all cancers and 70% of all cancer mortality there is a useful form of early detection or prevention. Furthermore, the ultimate benefit of early diagnosis to patients is supported by long-term relative survival rate studies, and for certain forms of cancer by reduction in mortality rates as well. Efforts are now underway to develop risk factor detection programs which will overcome some of the aforementioned problems. One such program is the risk factor analysis project, operating in the CANSCREEN clinics, which was designed to detect high risk indicators for cancer which are amenable to intervention by primary prevention or diagnosis and treatment. A triage system with linkages to comprehensive cancer centers has been established and a medical information system prepared for centralized statistical and epidemiological studies. The clinics are operated entirely by nurse examiners and health educators. Results of pilot studies are encouraging with regard to the feasibility of implementing such programs.


8. DOCID:3410 SCORE: 0.00396147627534816
DOCNO: 577128
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Mass Screening
QUALIFIER: diagnosis
QUALIFIER: diagnosis
AUTHOR: H K Pauli HK
AUTHOR: S Trotnow S
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Archiv für Gynäkologie.
COUNTRY: GERMANY, WEST
TITLE: [Can the search for early stages of cancer of the cervix uteri be improved? An empirical and theoretical study from sociology in medicine (author's transl)]
PUBDATE: 19770301
Using a standardised questionnaire, 7356 women, patients at the Erlanger Universitäts-Frauenklinik, were interviewed. Women with cervical cancer or carcinoma in situ of the cervix were compared with the remaining patients. Social factors are described which are more frequent with women with cervical cancer than with other women. The more such individual factors are added together, the greater the risk of developing a cervical cancer. Further, social factors are investigated which prevent women from going to prophylactic examinations. The more such factors are encountered, the greater the probability that a woman will not go to prophylactic examinations. Both results were to be expected from common-sense, but until now confirmation by empirical investigation was lacking. The greater the risk of getting cervical cancer, the greater the probability that screening will be avoided. This result show that cervical cancer is to be expected in the greater proportion of about 70% of women over the age of 30 who do not go for prophylactic examination, compared with the 30% who undergo prophylactic examination anually.


9. DOCID:3016 SCORE: 0.00373139299580693
DOCNO: 1246114
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Neoplasms, Multiple Primary
QUALIFIER: surgery
QUALIFIER: surgery
QUALIFIER: pathology
QUALIFIER: pathology
AUTHOR: P F Schellhammer PF
AUTHOR: W F Whitmore WF
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: The Journal of urology.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Transitional cell carcinoma of the urethra in men having cystectomy for bladder cancer.
PUBDATE: 19760101
Charcteristics of urethral transitional cell carcinoma in patients who have undergone cystectomy for bladder cancer have been reviewed. The retained urethra was the site of urothelial malignancy in 7 per cent of 348 patients who underwent cystectomy alone. Urethras removed during prophylactic cystourethrectomy in 110 patients showed unsuspected carcinoma in situ and marked atypic in 12.5 per cent. Patients with urethral cancer were at greater risk for meatal and upper tract tumors, a reflection of multicentric tumor neogenesis, and at greater risk for perineal tumors and inguinal metastases, a reflection of direct invasion. Cytology is advocated for examining the retained urethra. However, urethrectomy to include a fossa navicularis and glandular meatus at the time of cystectomy seems justified as a definitive means of guarding against the often asymptomatic and potentially lethal urethral occurrences of transitional cell carcinoma. Furthermore, incontinuity removal of the bladder and urethra more nearly satisfies the requirements for cancer surgery by avoiding transection of a tumor containing viscus.


10. DOCID:3952 SCORE: 0.00366826568831547
DOCNO: 920894
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: surgery
QUALIFIER: surgery
QUALIFIER: surgery
QUALIFIER: mortality
AUTHOR: R J Fitzgibbons RJ
AUTHOR: W W Harkrider WW
AUTHOR: I Cohn I
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: American journal of surgery.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Review of abdominoperineal resections for cancer.
PUBDATE: 19771101
One hundred eighty-six consecutive abdominoperineal resections for primary carcinoma of the anus, rectum, or sigmoid colon performed at Charity Hospital of Louisiana at New Orleans between January 1, 1963 and December 31, 1974 were reviewed. The operative mortality was 16 per cent. Complications during the same hospitalization occurred in 70 percent of the patients. Although most of the complications were minor, 22 percent did require some form of surgical intervention. Twenty-nine percent of the patients who were discharged developed late mechanical or cancer-caused complications which required surgical correction. A history of congestive heart failure or a significant weight loss were the most consistent preoperative findings in the operative mortality group. The overall five year survival rate was 25 percent. White females with no history of weight loss had the best long-term prognosis. Better survival in white patients can be accounted for by the less advanced lesions in these patients. No such difference between male and female patients could be demonstrated. Better selection of surgical candidates with alternate forms of therapy for poor risk patients have probably been the most significant factors in decreasing the operative mortality from 21 percent in the first six years of the study to 9 percent in the last six years. Primary closure of the perineal wound would appear to be of value in decreasing operative morbidity.


11. DOCID:3956 SCORE: 0.00336117659158273
DOCNO: 1131634
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Attitude to Health
DESCRIPTOR: Castration
DESCRIPTOR: Coitus
DESCRIPTOR: Hysterectomy
AUTHOR: A G Amias AG
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: British medical journal.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: Sexual life after gynaecological operations-I.
PUBDATE: 19750601
In a reveiw of sexual problems after gynecological operations, social, cultural, and psychological overtones beyond the immediate physical effect were discussed. Sexual difficulty may occur unless sympathetic advice has been made available before and after a procedure. Hysterectomy, either abdominal or vaginal, results in only temporary restriction of 6 weeks, although 3-4 months may be necessary to return to normal. Difficulties may arise in postoperative recovery; however, coitus will help tissues to stretch. Continuing maladjustment may be due to psychological factors preceeding the operation or fears fostered by erroneous notions. Subtotal hysterectomy was considered an obsolete procedure and removal of the cervix as in total hysterectomy allows the full cycle of sexual response. Complete oophectomy results in a lack of estrogen and will reduce libido, lubrication and sensation in the lower genital tract. A daily oral estrogen supplement should be considered. The treatment of uterine cancer has profound effects on the sexual activity. Wertheim's hysterectomy necessitates a long recovery and entails removal of the upper 1/3 of the vagina. The resumption of coitus will gradually stretch the vagina. Anxiety, however, may produce a serious loss of libido in husband and wife. Radiotherapy seriously distorts the lower genital tract in 80% of cases. Knowledge of the results of treatment in this disease can help in choosing between alternatives. Explanation and sympathy can help reduce the fear, anxiety and guilt of treatment.


12. DOCID:1921 SCORE: 0.00331449237760865
DOCNO: 946676
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: epidemiology
QUALIFIER: complications
AUTHOR: N Maruchi N
AUTHOR: J F Annegers JF
AUTHOR: L T Kurland LT
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Mayo Clinic proceedings. Mayo Clinic.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Hashimoto's thyroiditis and breast cancer.
PUBDATE: 19760501
The question of a possible association between Hashimoto's thyroiditis and breast cancer was evaluated in (1) an autopsy series and (2) a follow-up of a cohort of patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis at the Mayo Clinic. In the autopsy study, 174 subjects with histologic diagnosis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis were matched with a control group. There was no significant difference in the frequency of a history of breast cancer in the two groups. In the cohort of Olmsted County residents with a clinical or histologic diagnosis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis for whom there was a substantial period of follow-up, no excess frequency of breast cancer was note. These results contrast with those of a recent study reporting that Japanese women with Hashimoto's thyroiditis were a high risk group for breast cancer.


13. DOCID:1171 SCORE: 0.00326039391135388
DOCNO: 1109772
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: genetics
QUALIFIER: genetics
QUALIFIER: genetics
QUALIFIER: genetics
QUALIFIER: genetics
AUTHOR: B Lindberg B
AUTHOR: N G Kock NG
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: A family with atypical colonic polyposis and gastric cancer: a three-decade followup.
PUBDATE: 19750101
A three-decade followup of a family in whom multiple colonic polyps were found in 5 out of 11 members of one generation is presented. In 3 of these members, cancer was present in the colorectum. The clinical picture as well as the pathologic findings differ from those seen in familial polyposis. In the previous generation two cases of gastric cancer were found, as well as one case of colonic cancer. The high incidence of colonic polyps and cancer suggests a hereditary disease, but the mode of transmission cannot be definitely determined without following this family for a longer period.


14. DOCID:2348 SCORE: 0.00307739203302479
DOCNO: 907989
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: genetics
QUALIFIER: genetics
AUTHOR: D E Anderson DE
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Breast cancer in families.
PUBDATE: 19771001
An analysis of 489 breast cancer pedigrees was conducted to determine the age at diagnosis and bilaterality rate in 887 patients with different familial patterns of the disease compared with 5,100 unselected patients, and to estimate the lifetime probabilities of breast cancer development in 983 daughters of familial patients. The familial patients had higher rates of bilaterality and were younger at diagnosis than patients in an unselected series. Bilaterality rates were highest in young patients. Familial bilateral patients developed their first primaries about 5 years earlier than unilateral patients. Daughters of patients with any type of family history of breast cancer exhibited a 23% lifetime probability for the disease. The highest probability (27%) pertained to daughters of patients whose mothers were also affected, and it was concluded that this group referred to a hereditary type of breast cancer distinct from types involving associated neoplasms. The occurrence of multiple neoplasms characterizes the hereditary types of breast cancer.