0. DOCID:7451 SCORE: 0.00178281072684107
DOCNO: 6970730
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: analysis
QUALIFIER: drug therapy
AUTHOR: E Wold E
AUTHOR: O Kaalhus O
AUTHOR: E S Johansen ES
AUTHOR: A T Ekse AT
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: The electron affinity of some radiotherapeutic agents used in cancer therapy.
PUBDATE: 19801201
In order to evaluate whether chemotherapeutic compounds applied in cancer treatment might interact with radiation as anoxic cell sensitizers, the electron-affinic properties of DTIC, AIC, hydroxyurea, busulfan and cyclophosphamide were studied by pulse radiolysis. Reaction rates with hydrated electrons were determined for all these compounds. With the exception of DTIC, they all reacted much more slowly with electrons than do most electron-affinic sensitizers. One-electron reduction potentials were determined for DTIC, AIC and hydroxyurea. The values were all in the region for the onset of sensitization, with hydroxyurea as the most promising (E71 =- 0.0552V). For busulfan and cyclophosphamide no value could be determined, but these compounds are probably less electron-affinic than hydroxyurea. A possible application of chemotherapeutic agents as radiosensitizers is discussed.


1. DOCID:6277 SCORE: 0.00160220770969651
DOCNO: 7239711
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: administration & dosage
QUALIFIER: chemically induced
QUALIFIER: administration & dosage
AUTHOR: M Habs M
AUTHOR: H Habs H
AUTHOR: D Schmähi D
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer.
COUNTRY: DENMARK
TITLE: Effect of the intermittent administration of N-nitrosopyrrolidine (NPYR) on the tumor incidence in Sprague-Dawley rats.
PUBDATE: 19800701
N-Nitrosopyrrolidine (NPYR) was administered orally to 320 Sprague-Dawley rats. An additional group of 80 rats served as an untreated control. There were four experimental groups in which the effects of different periods of dosing and varied intervals without treatment were compared. The total dose for all the groups was constant and was 792 mg/kg body weight. The schedules of carcinogen application had a significant effect on the observed cancer risk. The different tumor indicences in the individual groups could not be attributed to differences in the survival pattern, but were related to the changes in the different treatment schedules.


2. DOCID:6924 SCORE: 0.00116800622631823
DOCNO: 7023659
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: epidemiology
AUTHOR: J W Berg JW
AUTHOR: J G Lampe JG
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
PUBTYPE: Review
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: High-risk factors in gynecologic cancer.
PUBDATE: 19810701
Cervical cancer retains its character as a venereal disease associated with infections and multiple sexual partners, but poverty also is important. Precise incidence figures for cervical and endometrial cancer are almost nonexistent because in areas with precise case counts there is rarely accurate knowledge of hysterectomy prevalence. For endometrial cancer little recent attention has been paid to any risk factor except exogenous estrogen. It is now suggested that a low pregnancy rate is a cause, not a consequence, of ovarian pathology leading to cancer. Some progress has been made in separating the epidemiologies of various kinds of ovarian and uterine cancer. A few clues are available regarding the epidemiology of fallopian tube cancers and vaginal cancers other than those produced by maternal stilbestrol. Vulvar cancer becomes common only after the age of 75 and so has been neglected epidemiologically.


3. DOCID:6187 SCORE: 0.00116800261733092
DOCNO: 7221028
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Mammography
QUALIFIER: radiography
QUALIFIER: radiography
AUTHOR: G Viganotti G
AUTHOR: S Bergonzi S
AUTHOR: A Guzzon A
AUTHOR: G Coopmans De Yoldi G
AUTHOR: R Zucali R
AUTHOR: M De Lena M
AUTHOR: A M Bellomo AM
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: La Radiologia medica.
COUNTRY: ITALY
TITLE: [X-ray diagnosis of neoplastic breast calcifications after radio- and chemo-therapy (author's transl)]
PUBDATE: 19801001
The morphological aspects of calcifications in inoperable breast cancers were investigated through repeated mammographic examinations before and after radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. Aim of the study was to find out the modifications induced by therapy. Different radiological patterns observed during treatment and follow up are described in details. Some findings concerning calcifications, such as modifications of number, distribution, size and shape or new evidence of micro- and macro-deposits are analyzed and discussed. A correlation between radiological findings and clinical response to radio- and chemo-therapy is attempted, but wider experience and information are needed.


4. DOCID:7619 SCORE: 0.00116799029970299
DOCNO: 7392004
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: radiography
QUALIFIER: radiation effects
QUALIFIER: radiography
QUALIFIER: radiotherapy
AUTHOR: J C Zenny JC
AUTHOR: C Bergiron C
AUTHOR: D Chassagne D
AUTHOR: D Couanet D
AUTHOR: E Ibrahim E
AUTHOR: J Masselot J
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Journal de radiologie.
COUNTRY: FRANCE
TITLE: [Radiographic signs of radiolesions of the pelvis (excluding the femur) after irradiation for epithelioma of the cervix uteri (author's transl)]
PUBDATE: 19800401
Radiolesions of the pelvic bones (excluding the femur) were observed in 29 patients after irradiation therapy for cervix uteri cancer. Three regions can be affected corresponding to the areas irradiated: the sacrum and internal part of the iliac wings, the pubis, and the cotyles. In most cases the lesions appeared after 1 to 4 years. Their radiological appearances are characteristic, the principal sign being irregular bone condensation in a demineralized bone, without true cavitation. The only lytic lesions observed were in the pubis. Calcification of soft tissues may occur and fractures are frequent. There is a slow progression of the lesions over long periods. Clinical, radiological, and progression signs differentiate radiolesions from other affections: metastases, invasion by contiguity, infections, and radio-induced sarcoma.


5. DOCID:5080 SCORE: 0.00115212244010499
DOCNO: 392380
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Social Class
QUALIFIER: epidemiology
AUTHOR: C Vutuc C
AUTHOR: D Herberg D
AUTHOR: B Gredler B
AUTHOR: M Kunze M
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Onkologie.
COUNTRY: SWITZERLAND
TITLE: [Social class and bronchial cancer: the social structure in comparison to the total population]
PUBDATE: 19790801
400 male lung cancer patients were analysed according to their social class distribution and compared with the relevant age group of the Austrian population. There are significantly more lower class people among lung cancer patients than in the general population. The higher lung cancer risk in lower social classes, therefore, may be associated with social factors. These may influence smoking habits, the main cause of lung cancer: lower class people are more often cigarette smokers, less exsmokers and prefere high tar cigarettes.


6. DOCID:5756 SCORE: 0.0010742707375818
DOCNO: 7001014
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: pharmacology
QUALIFIER: diagnosis
QUALIFIER: methods
AUTHOR: D O Hammond DO
AUTHOR: D Seckinger D
AUTHOR: C Keefe C
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: The Journal of reproductive medicine.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Effects of dilute acetic acid on cancer cytology. I. Effects on normal tissue.
PUBDATE: 19800901
The simultaneous use of exfoliative cytology and colposcopy is occasionally indicated in the detection of cervical cancer. When there is a fragile epithelium in the perimenopausal or postmenopausal woman, the taking of a cytology preparation may cause sufficient vascular injury so that subsequent colposcopy is not possible. A series of patients was subjected to primary colposcopy followed by cytologic testing in order to evaluate the effect of dilute acetic acid on the Papanicolaou preparation. The minimal alterations caused by dilute acetic acid are easily recognized and do not impair the validity of the cytologic technique for cancer detection.


7. DOCID:6830 SCORE: 0.000860652461154091
DOCNO: 7005782
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: diagnosis
AUTHOR: H Rübben H
AUTHOR: H H Dahm HH
AUTHOR: W Lutzeyer W
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Onkologie.
COUNTRY: SWITZERLAND
TITLE: [Clinical diagnosis of bladder cancer]
PUBDATE: 19801001
The minimum requirements of the International Union against Cancer (UICC) to assess the TNM-classification of urothelial bladder cancer include since 1978 the clinical examination, urography, cystoscopy, bimanual palpation under anesthesia and biopsy or transurethral resection of the tumor. The single biopsy of the tumor should be supplemented by multiple biopsies of all bladder walls in combination with the resection of the tumor to diagnose multifocal tumor growth. The exfoliative urinary cytology should be included in the routine diagnostic regimen: cytology is helpful in detection of severe dysplasia and controls the histologically determined grade of the tumor. In selected cases computer tomography improves the accuracy of clinical evaluation of the depth of tumor infiltration. In our hands the lymphangiography can not assess the regional lymph node metastases: therefore, the staging operation is recommended before radical cystectomy is performed.


8. DOCID:7888 SCORE: 0.00086061506374773
DOCNO: 7231310
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Transients and Migrants
QUALIFIER: epidemiology
AUTHOR: A J McMichael AJ
AUTHOR: A Bonett A
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: The Medical journal of Australia.
COUNTRY: AUSTRALIA
TITLE: Cancer profiles of British and southern-European Migrants. Exploring South Australia's cancer registry data.
PUBDATE: 19810301
Studies of cancer mortality in migrants, in Australia and elsewhere, gave rise to aetiological hypotheses about various environmental factors. The advent of population-based cancer registration in Australia allows comparison of cancer incidence by country of birth, thereby eliminating any biases that might occur in mortality comparisons due to differences in cancer survival rates between population subgroups. Examination of cancer incidence in British, Irish and southern-European migrants in South Australia during 1977-1978, relative to the non-migrant population, shows a high risk of stomach cancer in all these migrants and a low risk of colon cancer in southern-European migrants. Variations in malignant melanoma and in cancers of the oesophagus, lung, pancreas, breast and endometrium are also discussed, in relation to eating, drinking and smoking habits, and host characteristics. The potential uses of cancer registration data for population monitoring, and for research, are noted.


9. DOCID:7506 SCORE: 0.000860611275654275
DOCNO: 6166981
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: surgery
QUALIFIER: surgery
AUTHOR: R Joss R
AUTHOR: F Nöthiger F
AUTHOR: R Greiner R
AUTHOR: A Goldhirsch A
AUTHOR: K W Brunner KW
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift.
COUNTRY: SWITZERLAND
TITLE: [Colorectal cancer. Progress and unsolved problems]
PUBDATE: 19810501
This review deals with colorectal carcinoma, the most frequent malignant tumor in western countries aside from skin cancer. Epidemiologic data confirm the crucial role of nutrition in the pathogenesis of these tumors. The pathology and natural history of colorectal cancers are reviewed. Screening programs have yielded encouraging first results. In recent years surgery of rectal cancer has been improved by the introduction of a new stapling device permitting more sphincter-saving operations. Pre- and postoperative radiotherapy as an adjuvant to surgery are important elements in the primary management of rectal carcinoma. Radiotherapy is often effective in palliating pain, bleeding, and mucous discharge. Chemotherapy of colorectal cancer is still unsatisfactory. The prospects for adjuvant chemotherapy are discussed. The often dismal outlook for patients with colorectal cancer will be more promising if etiological factors can be eliminated, early diagnosis improved and chemotherapy ameliorated.


10. DOCID:7632 SCORE: 0.000860589166173152
DOCNO: 434331
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: therapy
AUTHOR: D J Arnold DJ
AUTHOR: G J Lesnick GJ
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: American journal of surgery.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Survival following mastectomy for stage III breast cancer.
PUBDATE: 19790301
Patients with locally advanced breast cancer have been considered unsuitable for curative surgical therapy and are usually approached with other treatment modalities. Review of the results of radical mastectomy in 228 patients with stage III breast cancer demonstrates actuarial survival of 33 per cent at five years and 22 per cent at ten years. Treatment with preoperative or postoperative radiotherapy as employed did not lead to survival superior to that of mastectomy alone. Evidence of local or regional recurrence developed in 27 per cent of patients. In 73 per cent the first recurrence was systemic. This retrospective study suggests that the prognosis for locally advanced breast cancer is not as dismal as has been previously reported. The importance of nodal involvement is again emphasized. A randomized trial of mastectomy with adjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced breast cancer is warranted. Such a study is in progress at our institution.


11. DOCID:5755 SCORE: 0.000838353487481026
DOCNO: 6969375
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Colonoscopy
QUALIFIER: diagnosis
QUALIFIER: utilization
AUTHOR: W H Isbister WH
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: The New Zealand medical journal.
COUNTRY: NEW ZEALAND
TITLE: Flexible fibreoptic sigmoidoscopy--an alternative to colonoscopy?
PUBDATE: 19801001
The results of 166 colonoscopic examinations are reported with particular reference to site and nature of the lesion identified. One hundred and fifty-five polyps and 13 colorectal cancers were found, 62 polyps and five cancers being beyond 50 cm from the anal verge. It is suggested that the number of lesions beyond the reach of a flexible fibreoptic sigmoidoscope would be unacceptably high and that there can be no justification for the purchase of such an instrument as an alternative to a full length colonoscope. Whilst the fibreoptic instrument does have advantages as a sigmoidoscope its cost will preclude its widespread use in New Zealand at the present time.


12. DOCID:7659 SCORE: 0.000736884846274649
DOCNO: 7464842
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Drug Resistance
DESCRIPTOR: Mutation
QUALIFIER: genetics
QUALIFIER: pharmacology
QUALIFIER: genetics
QUALIFIER: genetics
QUALIFIER: genetics
QUALIFIER: genetics
AUTHOR: R S Gupta RS
AUTHOR: S Goldstein S
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Mutation research.
COUNTRY: NETHERLANDS
TITLE: Diphtheria toxin resistance in human fibroblast cell strains from normal and cancer-prone individuals.
PUBDATE: 19801201
Mutants resistant to diphtheria toxin (Dipr) have been selected from a variety of human fibroblast cell strains derived from both normal subjects and individuals with known genetic predisposition to cancer such as xeroderma pigmentosum, Fanconi anemia and Bloom's syndrome. Treatment with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) led to a marked increase in the frequency of Dipr mutants in various cell strains. The increase in the frequency of Dipr mutants occurred in a linear dose-dependent manner in response to MNNG and ethyl methanesulfonate, in one of the cell strains examined. The rate of mutation to diphtheria toxin as determined by fluctuation analysis was very similar in various cell strains (1-3 x 10(-7) mutations/cell/generation), except for the strain GM1492 (8.8 x 10(-7) mutations/cell/generation) which is derived from a Bloom syndrome patient.


13. DOCID:4741 SCORE: 0.000553273274443677
DOCNO: 7461533
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: methods
QUALIFIER: pathology
QUALIFIER: pathology
AUTHOR: K Rothenberger K
AUTHOR: A Hofstetter A
AUTHOR: K J Pfeifer KJ
AUTHOR: C Voeth C
AUTHOR: J Pensel J
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Fortschritte der Medizin.
COUNTRY: GERMANY, WEST
TITLE: [Lymphatic metastasis in prostatic carcinoma. Diagnostic value of staging and transcutaneous needle biopsy]
PUBDATE: 19800901
Methods of diagnosis in metastatic disease of patients with prostatic cancer are reported. There is a high rate of inaccuracy in lymphography. In 23 patients the technique of transperitoneal fine needle aspiration biopsy of retroperitoneal lymph nodes after lymphography was used. In 8 patients malignant cells were found while lymphography showed metastases only in 4 cases. In these 8 cases a staging-operation was not indicated.


14. DOCID:5971 SCORE: 0.000553271955291716
DOCNO: 7381883
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Attitude
DESCRIPTOR: Neoplasms
QUALIFIER: psychology
AUTHOR: S Cooper S
AUTHOR: G Bean G
AUTHOR: R Alpert R
AUTHOR: J H Baum JH
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Journal of medical education.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Medical students' attitudes toward cancer.
PUBDATE: 19800501
The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not attitudes of medical students toward the cancer patient are as negative as their attitudes toward the chronically ill patient. A questionnaire designed to measure student attitudes toward cancer was administered to 122 medical students. Two versions of the questionnaire were developed. One version referred specifically to attitudes toward cancer patients while the second version assessed attitudes toward patients in general. Significant differences were found between student attitudes toward cancer patients and patients in general. Support was found for the existence of negative attitudes in the treatment of cancer patients. Implications of these findings and teaching modifications are discussed.