0. DOCID:3688 SCORE: 0.0069794025482156
DOCNO: 1223358
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: etiology
QUALIFIER: etiology
QUALIFIER: etiology
QUALIFIER: complications
AUTHOR: V S Zhdanov VS
AUTHOR: A M Vikhert AM
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Kardiologiia.
COUNTRY: USSR
TITLE: [Characteristics of the development of arteriosclerosis of the aorta and coronary arteries in patients with cancer of different organs]
PUBDATE: 19751201
A morphometric study of atherosclerotic lesions of the vessels was conducted in males dying of cancer of the stomach and lungs, and in females dying of cancer of the stomach, lungs, uterus, breast and ovaries. In total, 918 observations were studied, the age of the deceased ranging from 30 to 79 years. The severity of the atherosclerotic lesions in the vessels of those who died of malignant tumors was compared to that in normal individuals. The material was compiled and examined in accordance with the program and method developed by WHO expertpathologists (Uemura et al.). In those who died of cancer of the stomach, uterus and breast the severity of coronary atherosclerosis was much milder than in the normals; however, no important differences were revealed between these groups as to the severity of atherosclerosis of the aorta. In lung cancer in males and in ovarian cancer in females under 50 years of age a distinct enhancement of the atherosclerotic process in the aorta was observed, and less-in the coronaries. In females dying of lung cancer the severity of atherosclerosis of the aorta was the same as in the normals, and in the coronaries - even milder.


1. DOCID:3922 SCORE: 0.0057633375490437
DOCNO: 1209474
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Surgical Procedures, Operative
QUALIFIER: isolation & purification
QUALIFIER: microbiology
QUALIFIER: microbiology
AUTHOR: N B Ackerman NB
AUTHOR: J Kronmueller J
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Surgery, gynecology & obstetrics.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: The importance of candida as an infectious agent.
PUBDATE: 19750101
During the two and a half year period from January 1971 through Jyly 1973, 23 patients had cultures positive for candida from intra-abdominal isolates. Most of these patients had intestinal or biliary fistulas or abscesses and were seriously ill. Major contributing factors to the development of candidal infections included the extensive use of multiple antibiotics, multiple operations, advanced age, and debility. Thirty additional patients had cultures positive for candida from skin and subcutaneous isolates. Candida appeared to contribute to the poor healing of wounds in some of these patients, particularly those with peripheral vascular ischemic lesions and decubitus ulcers. Antibiotics and concurrent diseases, such as diabetes, cancer, renal failure, and cardiovascular disease, were common factors relating to the development and growth of candida in these patients. There is often considerable difficulty in determing whether or not candida is only a contaminant or is an infectious agent contributing to the illness of the patient. This must be determined in each individual instance. In spite of the fact that candida appeared to be a significant infectious agent in many of these patients, specific antifungal therapy was used sparsely. It is suggested that appropriate antifungal drugs be used in patients with significant disease and that there should be greater awareness of the factors leading to the development of these extremely serious candidal infections.


2. DOCID:3920 SCORE: 0.00576333721812118
DOCNO: 764989
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: etiology
AUTHOR: R Nery R
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
PUBTYPE: Review
JOURNALTITLE: Chemico-biological interactions.
COUNTRY: NETHERLANDS
TITLE: Carcinogenic mechanisms: a critical review and a suggestion that oncogenesis may be adaptive ontogenesis.
PUBDATE: 19760201
The precise mechanism(s) whereby normal cells become malignant are not known with any degree of certainty. However, many mechanisms have been proposed on the basis of available experimental evidence as interpreted by the proposer. These fall into two main groups and are based upon changes in genetic structure (somatic mutation hypotheses) or in genetic expression (epigenetic hypotheses). Yet a third group embodies elements of the first two. The more important of all these proposals are critically reviewed and yet another hypothesis is ventured. In this hypothesis, the induction of neoplasia is envisaged as embodying (a) initiation of preferentially partly-differentiated and resting stem cells and (b) promotion of the initiated cells, through mitosis and further differentiation and by adaptations of normal ontogenic mechanisms, into a variety of novel phenotypes which are malignant or potentially so. Cancer-specifying genes, altered chromosomes, de-differentiations and interrupted re-differentiations are not considered to be causally involved, although the last three of these can be present as epiphenomena. Evidence cited in support of this proposal appears to show a general absence from cancer cells of any single property, including an abnormality in genetic constitution or in cellular expression, which is specific to malignancy. Malignancy is thus envisaged as abnormal expressions of the genetic potential of the zygote. Some practical and theoretical implications of this concept are discussed.


3. DOCID:13194 SCORE: 0.0053600485393587
DOCNO: 3280113
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Brachytherapy
QUALIFIER: radiotherapy
QUALIFIER: therapeutic use
AUTHOR: P P Kumar PP
AUTHOR: R R Good RR
AUTHOR: L G Leibrock LG
AUTHOR: J R Mawk JR
AUTHOR: A J Yonkers AJ
AUTHOR: F P Ogren FP
AFFILIATION: Division of Radiation Oncology, University of Nebraska College of Medicine, Omaha.
PUBTYPE: Case Reports
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
PUBTYPE: Review
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: High activity iodine 125 endocurietherapy for recurrent skull base tumors.
PUBDATE: 19880401
Experience with endocurietherapy of skull base tumors is reviewed. We present our cases of recurrent pituitary hemangiopericytoma, radiation-induced recurrent meningioma, recurrent clival chordoma, recurrent nasopharyngeal cancer involving the cavernous sinus, and recurrent parotid carcinoma of the skull base which were all successfully retreated with high-activity 125iodine (I-125) permanent implantation.


4. DOCID:13599 SCORE: 0.00532552434240546
DOCNO: 2938159
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: methods
AUTHOR: B Champigneulle B
AUTHOR: M A Bigard MA
AUTHOR: P Gaucher P
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Presse médicale (Paris, France : 1983)
COUNTRY: FRANCE
TITLE: [Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy]
PUBDATE: 19860201
Gastrostomy by endoscopy is a simple and fast procedure which does not require general anaesthesia. Its morbidity and mortality rates are low. With the initial technique, the gastrostomy tube was pulled in by a thread introduced percutaneously into the stomach. In cases with oesophageal stenosis, using a Foley balloon catheter is useful. Gastrostomy can be transformed into jejunostomy by a similar method. The main indications of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy are cancer of the upper respiratory or digestive tract, notably those complicated by fistulae, and disorders of deglutition due to abnormal buccal and pharyngeal stages.


5. DOCID:3990 SCORE: 0.00524264333575838
DOCNO: 957533
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: chemically induced
QUALIFIER: adverse effects
AUTHOR: A M Lilienfeld AM
AUTHOR: L Chang L
AUTHOR: D B Thomas DB
AUTHOR: M L Levin ML
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: The Johns Hopkins medical journal.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Rauwolfia derivatives and breast cancer.
PUBDATE: 19760801
During the course of a collaborative study initiated in investigate the relationship of breast cancer and the use of hormones, it was possible to study the possible relationship of rauwolfia derivatives, mainly reserpine, to breast cancer. Interviews were administered to breast cancer patients admitted to five hospitals in the Baltimore metropolitan area. The study of reserpine use was conducted for a period of approximately one and a half years and information on reserpine use was obtained on 164 breast cancer cases. Each case was matched with a control with respect to age, color, hospital of admission, and admission date. An additional set of controls was drawn from women residing in the same neighborhood as the cases. Neither reserpine, methyldopa, nor thiazides were found to be significantly associated with breast cancer. The exclusion from the analysis of hospital controls with a diagnosis of hypertensive disease and their matched cases did not significantly alter the results. Those cases who used reserpine, used more for longer periods of time than did the controls, however this was judged inconclusive due to a considerable amount of missing data. After comparison of these results with previously reported studies, it did not appear that reserpine was strongly associated with breast cancer. However, because of methodological problems and differences between the studies, a possible small overall relationship could not be definitely excluded.


6. DOCID:2480 SCORE: 0.00509067156065641
DOCNO: 332334
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: adverse effects
QUALIFIER: etiology
AUTHOR: B Modan B
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
PUBTYPE: Review
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Role of diet in cancer etiology.
PUBDATE: 19771001
Current evidence for the involvement of diet in cancer etiology is based on indirect relationships between the consumption of selected food constituents and incidence, dietary studies, and laboratory data. The indirect evidence most often referred to is the suggested correlation between the complex of fats-meat-egg-animal protein and the risk for cancer of the colon. Such observations are, however, hampered by the fact that human diet does not consist of isolated food components. Case control studies implicate a higher intake of starchy foods in gastric cancer, a lower intake of fiber in colon cancer, and possibly coffee in renal cancer. Carcinogenic agents identified include food additives, plant toxicants, aflatoxins, polycyclic hydrocarbons, nitrosamines, and certain normal major food constituents. The experimental evidence is augmented by studies indicating an inter-relationship between dietary constituents, intestinal flora, and bile acid metabolism. A synergistic action of ingested or metabolized carcinogens and a co-carcinogenic function of certain dietary components are suggested.


7. DOCID:3536 SCORE: 0.00505112959197316
DOCNO: 1223345
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Pectoralis Muscles
QUALIFIER: methods
AUTHOR: T Murakami T
AUTHOR: M Sunagawa M
AUTHOR: I Takahashi I
AUTHOR: K Hayashi K
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: The Japanese journal of surgery.
COUNTRY: JAPAN
TITLE: Modified radical mastectomy with preservation of the pectoralis major muscle.
PUBDATE: 19750601
A new technique of modified radical mastectomy for early breast cancer was devised with an express purpose of preserving pectoralis major muscle but still enabling radical removal of the regional lymphnodes. The pectoralis major muscle was transected at its midportion to expose the thoracic wall for radical dissection of axillar and subclavicular lymphnodes followed by resuturing of the muscle to preserve its continuity. The parasternal nodes can also be dissected if necessary. The pectoralis minor muscle is either resected or preserved. This procedure should be applied mainly in T1N0 and T1N1a (Stage I in the TNM staging system) which seems recently to be increasing rapidly in number and for which the radical mastectomy with resection of pectoralis major muscle is thought to be too excessive. The procedure proposed in the present communication offers advantage not only in functional but also cosmetic aspect by preserving the pectoralis major muscle while the radicality of the operation is retained. Although the number of cases thus treated is limited and the long-term follow up with survival rate is not yet available, the procedure seems to be of considerable value in selected patients.


8. DOCID:3284 SCORE: 0.00496165485985551
DOCNO: 872044
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: radiotherapy
QUALIFIER: administration & dosage
QUALIFIER: radiotherapy
QUALIFIER: radiotherapy
QUALIFIER: administration & dosage
AUTHOR: A M Syed AM
AUTHOR: B H Feder BH
AUTHOR: F W George FW
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Persistent carcinoma of the oropharynx and oral cavity re-treated by after-loading interstitial 192Ir implant.
PUBDATE: 19770601
After-loading implantation techniques apparently offer an effective alternative in the management of persistent (or recurrent) oropharynx and oral cavity carcinoma postirradiation. A total of 29 patients with such lesions was treated from February 1974, to July 1975, in the LAC/USC Radiation Medicine Section, using after-loading 192Ir implantation techniques. These patients all had extensive persistent cancer after "full tolerance" irradiation (with or without previous surgery) and were referred for palliation or for possible salvage. Additional doses administered ranged from 5000 to 7000 rads in three to five days. Eighteen of the 29 patients (63%) have had complete local control for 18 to 36 months. These patients have maintained a relatively satisfactory palliative status. Ten of the 29 are dead. Follow-up periods are short, but early indications are that problem patients with persistent cancer after "full tolerance irradiation" can be salvaged, or at least satisfactorily palliated, with after-loading interstitial implant techniques. Clinical details, sites of involvement, implantation techniques, dosimetry methodology, reactions and complications will be described.


9. DOCID:3685 SCORE: 0.0049278625203514
DOCNO: 129974
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Immunologic Techniques
QUALIFIER: pharmacology
QUALIFIER: drug effects
AUTHOR: H Pees H
AUTHOR: A Pappas A
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Zeitschrift für Immunitätsforschung, experimentelle und klinische Immunologie.
COUNTRY: GERMANY, WEST
TITLE: [A micro-method for PHA-induced stimulation of human lymphocytes. I. Communication: Technical considerations (author's transl)]
PUBDATE: 19751001
A microculture system is described for PHA-induced stimulation of human peripheral lymphocytes. Following purification on Ficoll-Isopaque cells are incubated in microplates (Falcon 3040) for 66 hours in 5% CO2 using PHA-P (Difco) as a stimulant. DNA-synthesis is measured by labelling with 3H-thymidine (spec. act. 400 mCi/mmole) 16 hours prior to the end of the test. Using a multiple automatic sample harvester rapid evaluation is possible. Several variables were analyzed and optimal conditions defined for PHA- and cell-concentration, time dependence, thymidine dosage and buffer capacity of the medium. High variability and otherwise unexplained loss of lymphocyte stimulation in a population of "normal donors" are often due to acute viral infections, especially during the incubation period. On the other hand, source and concentration of serum are of equal importance since sera of healthy individuals differ greatly in their capacity to support PHA-induced stimulation of normal allogeneic lymphocytes. Using pooled or autologous serum we found the reproducibility of the technique to be good. Provided optimal conditions are employed the microtest system described herein should be ideal for in-vitro-analysis of inhibitory or stimulating factors in cancer patients' sera.


10. DOCID:6855 SCORE: 0.00466788626141104
DOCNO: 667849
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Models, Biological
QUALIFIER: therapeutic use
QUALIFIER: drug therapy
AUTHOR: M L Feldstein ML
AUTHOR: E D Savlov ED
AUTHOR: R Hilf R
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer research.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: A statistical model for predicting response of breast cancer patients to cytotoxic chemotherapy.
PUBDATE: 19780801
A binary logistic model is used for predicting response to cytotoxic chemotherapy for a breast cancer patient on the basis of her tumor enzyme activity profile. The enzymes used in the model are lactate dehydrogenase, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-isocitrate dehydrogenase, and phosphoglucomutase, all of which were measured on primary tumor specimens from each patient. The statistical model provides an estimate of the probability that an individual will respond to treatment. Chemotherapeutic treatment consisting of combination cytotoxic drugs and subsequent evaluation of patient response followed cooperative group protocol guidelines, including outside review to confirm the patient evaluation. The model based on this study, which represents 5 years of patient follow-up, correctly predicts clinical outcome in 32 of the 37 cases available.


11. DOCID:3953 SCORE: 0.00458981339151869
DOCNO: 894657
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Inclusion Bodies, Viral
QUALIFIER: pathology
QUALIFIER: pathology
QUALIFIER: pathology
AUTHOR: J Chalon J
AUTHOR: H Turndorf H
AUTHOR: J S Katz JS
AUTHOR: P B Rand PB
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: The Journal of reproductive medicine.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Tracheobronchial epithelial multinucleation, viral inclusion bodies and malignant disease.
PUBDATE: 19770901
Patients with malignant disease are known to have an increased incidence of multinucleation in their tracheobronchial ciliated epithelial cells as compared with controls matched by age, sex and smoking habit. A seasonal relationship of viral inclusion bodies in the cilated epithelium of asymptomatic subjects has also been shown and is not related to age, sex and smoking habit. We have conducted an epidemiologic study to determine the possible relationships between these factors. Smears from 4,150 patients with a wide variety of pathologic conditions were examined for the presence of viral inclusions and multinucleated, ciliated epithelial cells. High degress of multinucleation were observed least frequenctly in the summer both in patients with and without known malignancy. Cytoplasmic inclusion bodies were also seen least frequently in the summer and autumn both in patients with and without know malignancy. In the presence of cancer, multinucleated epithelial cells and inclusion bodies were seen more frequently regardless of the season. When the seasonal incidence of multinucleated cells in 155 smears containing viral inclusion bodies was analyzed, it was found that patients without cancer had the lowest levels of multinucleation in the summer, whereas cancer patients had a depressed incidence of multinucleation in the winter and spring. Respiratory viruses may have a specific effect on the ciliated epithelium of cancer patients.


12. DOCID:6576 SCORE: 0.00457805074973027
DOCNO: 7321919
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: etiology
QUALIFIER: complications
AUTHOR: H L Waldum HL
AUTHOR: B Bjorvatn B
AUTHOR: P G Burhol PG
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Medical hypotheses.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: Gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and stomach and colon cancers- are they all caused by viral infections?
PUBDATE: 19811101
It is hypothesized that chronic gastritis and ulcerative colitis both are induced by viral infection, and that such chronic infection of the mucosa may lead to ulceration and occasionally cancer. Duodenal ulcer disease and Crohn's disease may on the other hand, be due to activation of latent viral infection of the corresponding neural ganglions, with subsequent migration of virus along the nerves to the gut wall. The gastric acid hypersecretion often occurring in patients with duodenal ulcer disease might be a consequence of viral interference with the efferent nerve function of vagal ganglions. Correspondingly, non-ulcer dyspepsia as well as irritable colon may reflect viral infection of afferent nerve function leading to pain and discomfort.


13. DOCID:11841 SCORE: 0.00453585263551486
DOCNO: 6367455
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: etiology
QUALIFIER: complications
AUTHOR: D B Louria DB
PUBTYPE: Case Reports
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: The American journal of medicine.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Symposium on infectious complications of neoplastic disease (Part I). Introduction and epidemiology.
PUBDATE: 19840301
An approach to infections in cancer patients is outlined that divides such infections into those due to underlying disease, those related to underlying disease plus therapy, and those related to therapy alone. The incidence of such infections in each of the categories is discussed, together with a general outline of patterns and trends in regard to involved microorganisms. Several specific areas discussed include: problems of superinfection with newer antimicrobial agents; the current inadequacy of diagnostic techniques; the potential for early treatment with monoclonal antibodies; the potential for augmenting one or more host defenses prior to sundering other defenses during antitumor chemotherapy; the potential value of a variety of nutrients that either may be depleted or might be of benefit in enhancing host defense mechanisms.


14. DOCID:10820 SCORE: 0.00453583249306979
DOCNO: 6607367
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: pathology
QUALIFIER: pathology
AUTHOR: T Usui T
AUTHOR: I Shimokawara I
AUTHOR: K Hirata K
AUTHOR: T Ebata T
AUTHOR: K Asaishi K
AUTHOR: H Hayasaka H
AUTHOR: K Kasai K
AUTHOR: H Hiratsuka H
AUTHOR: H Koshiba H
AUTHOR: M Imamura M
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Gan no rinsho. Japan journal of cancer clinics.
COUNTRY: JAPAN
TITLE: [Relationship between T cell infiltration in breast cancer tissues and prognosis]
PUBDATE: 19831101
The relationship between the degree of T cell infiltration in cancer tissues and prognosis was studied in 26 patients with breast cancer. The degree of T cell infiltration was divided into 4 groups according to the number of infiltrating T cells. There was a good correlation between the degree of T cell infiltration and the survival period or disease-free period. It may be clinically useful to check the degree of T cell infiltration in cancer tissues for predicting the prognosis of patients with breast cancer.