0. DOCID:3972 SCORE: 0.00340612547688876
DOCNO: 908270
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: biosynthesis
QUALIFIER: biosynthesis
QUALIFIER: metabolism
AUTHOR: D Juan D
AUTHOR: H F DeLUCA HF
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Endocrinology.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: The regulation of 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 production in cultures of monkey kidney cells.
PUBDATE: 19771001
Primary kidney cell cultures from normal rhesus monkeys were used to study the regulation of 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 production. Kidney cells were grown to confluency in the modified National Cancer Institute Medium NCTC 135 with 2% fetal calf serum and then maintained in a serum-free medium (2% bovine serum albumin) for five additional days prior to a study of regulation. Morphologically, 80% of the cultured cells were epithelial in nautre. These cells produced 24,25-dihydroxy-[3H]vitamin D3 from 25-hydroxy-[3H]-vitamin D3. The identity of the 24,25-dihydroxy-[3H]vitamin D3 was established by Sephadex LH-20 chromatography, by co-chromatography with authentic 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on high pressure liquid columns, and by periodate sensitivity. Bovine parathyroid hormone at a level of 3 U/ml or human 1-34 parathyroid hormone at 0.05 U/ml for five days suppressed 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 production. Nonradioactive 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (13 pmol/ml) added once every two days for eight days led to a 2-fold increase in production of 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Exposure of renal cells to 3 mM instead of 1 mM calcium led to a marked increase in 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 production. These results suggest that renal cell cultures may be an important new approach to a study of regulation of the vitamin D renal hydroxylases.


1. DOCID:3316 SCORE: 0.00332664492913642
DOCNO: 47262
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: analysis
QUALIFIER: analysis
QUALIFIER: immunology
AUTHOR: M Seppälä M
AUTHOR: H Pihko H
AUTHOR: E Ruoslahti E
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Carcinoembryonic antigen and alpha fetoprotein in malignant tumors of the female genital tract.
PUBDATE: 19750501
Circulating carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and alpha fetoprotein (AFP) levels were measured by radioimmunoassay in 53 patients with carcinoma of the ovary, 16 patients with other malignant genital tumors, and 31 women with nonmalignant diseases of the genital tract. The serum CEA concentration was elevated (greater than 5 ng/ml) in 11 patients with ovarian cancer, 2 patients with endometrial cancer, 1 patient with carcinoma of the cervix, and 1 patient with a benign embryonal cystic teratoma. Elevated CEA levels were found only in patients with advanced malignant disease, while early stages were associated with normal CEA concentrations. AFP levels were normal in all but 1 patient. Both CEA and AFP levels were markedly raised in a case of advanced genital carcinoma arising probably from the ovary. Ascitic fluid of another patient with ovarian cancer contained a high concentration of CEA, giving an identical reaction in immunodiffusion with CEA from colon cancer. The present results indicate that while the increased expression of carcinofetal components takes place in some malignant tumors of the female genital tract, it is usually a late phenomenon.


2. DOCID:3729 SCORE: 0.00328181370262779
DOCNO: 1247972
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Research
QUALIFIER: diagnosis
AUTHOR: N I Berlin NI
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Current status of research in detection and diagnosis.
PUBDATE: 19760101
Following the passage of the National Cancer Act of 1972, the National Cancer Institute created a Division of Cancer Biology and Diagnosis. This marked the renewal of a commitment of the National Cancer Institute to diagnostic research. Within the scope of diagnostic research there are three separate subheadings: screening or detection, diagnosis itself, and prognosis. Asymptomatic individuals are studied by screening procedures to determine if they might have a cancer. Those that are selected by the screen are then subject to definitive diagnostic procedures to determine whether they have a cancer. Prognosis attempts to predict the outcome from knowledge gained in the past. At the present time the only screening method that has been proven in a rigorous manner to be effective in reducing mortality is a combination of a physical examination and mammography for carcinoma of the breast. The Pap test is accepted but precisely how much it has reduced the mortality from cervical carcinoma remains to be determined. The National Cancer Institute is now engaged in research designed to test various aspects of screening to develop new screening techniques and to evaluate them. In the diagnostic field it is particularly concerned with imaging by radiologic means and ultrasound. Visualization by endoscopy is becoming important. These aspects of screening, diagnosis and prognosis will be reviewed.


3. DOCID:7508 SCORE: 0.00314990754403213
DOCNO: 6165459
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: genetics
QUALIFIER: genetics
AUTHOR: N Wang N
AUTHOR: K L Perkins KL
AUTHOR: D L Bronson DL
AUTHOR: E E Fraley EE
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer research.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Cytogenetic evidence for premeiotic transformation of human testicular cancers.
PUBDATE: 19810601
To determine the point at which transformation of the germ cell occurs during meiosis in nonseminomatous testicular cancer, the sex chromosome compositions of 15 cell lines derived from primary tumors or metastases of 12 patients with testicular cancer were analyzed by trypsin G-banding analysis and Y-body staining. The simultaneous existence of both X- and Y-chromosomes in a single cell has been confirmed in 14 cell lines. This suggests that transformation of the cell occurs before the first meiotic division because it is known that segregation of X- and Y-chromosomes occurs during the first meiotic division. An incidental finding was the presence of Barr bodies in some cell lines containing more than one X-chromosome, which is consistent with the known primitive nature of testicular cancer and its ability to differentiate independently from the male host.


4. DOCID:10689 SCORE: 0.00312306414108581
DOCNO: 6607823
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Sigmoidoscopy
QUALIFIER: diagnosis
QUALIFIER: utilization
QUALIFIER: diagnosis
AUTHOR: J Rosevelt J
AUTHOR: H Frankl H
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Digestive diseases and sciences.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Colorectal cancer screening by nurse practitioner using 60-cm flexible fiberoptic sigmoidoscope.
PUBDATE: 19840201
In a routine sigmoidoscopy clinic a specially trained nurse practitioner examined 825 patients between the ages of 23 and 88 with a mean age of 59. Seventy-two patients were found to have polyps; only eight of these patients had a history of rectal bleeding. Seventy-nine percent of these polyps were above 25 cm or beyond the reach of the rigid scope. Three patients with polyps were found to have cancer in the polyp. None of these patients had noted rectal bleeding. Significantly, there was a 10.6% yield of positive pathology among patients 50 and over. The training of the nurse practitioner is described in the article.


5. DOCID:15692 SCORE: 0.00301504825225384
DOCNO: 2715032
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Blood Transfusion
QUALIFIER: mortality
AUTHOR: K Klingler K
AUTHOR: X Zhang X
AUTHOR: T Menghini T
AUTHOR: U Metzger U
AUTHOR: F Largiadèr F
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Helvetica chirurgica acta.
COUNTRY: SWITZERLAND
TITLE: [Effect of blood transfusions on the survival of patients with colorectal cancers]
PUBDATE: 19890101
Blood transfusion is reported to cause immunosuppression. An adverse relationship between perioperative blood transfusions and the risk of subsequent recurrence of cancer was reported recently. We reviewed the records of 282 patients and analyzed the interaction between blood tranfusion and the outcome of Dukes stages A, B and C colorectal cancers treated by radical resection during the years 1978-1985. 53 of these patients did not receive any blood transfusions. The actuarial survival analysis (Cutler and Ederer) showed no significant difference for the overall and recurrence-free survival. This study did not support the hypothesis that blood transfusions had an adverse effect on survival of patients with colorectal cancer.


6. DOCID:3954 SCORE: 0.00299605206867205
DOCNO: 323098
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: biosynthesis
QUALIFIER: metabolism
AUTHOR: A E Schindler AE
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
PUBTYPE: Review
JOURNALTITLE: Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde.
COUNTRY: GERMANY, WEST
TITLE: [Endometrial cancer and extraglandular oestrogen biosynthesis (author's transl)]
PUBDATE: 19770301
An increasing incidence of endometrial cancer caused by a higher life expectancy and a number of other facters (i.e. obesity, diabetes, hypertension, lower pregnancy rate) as well as the unfavorable location for early detection when compared with cervical cancer has initiated this review in order to single out women with increased risk. Clinical characteristics of patients with endometrial cancer represented by age, menstrual disorders, reduced fertility, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, hirsutism, hyperplasia of the ovarian stroma or hilus cells in connection with an increased oestrogen effect in the vaginal smear and proliferative changes of the endometrium can be explained by extraglandular respectively peripheral aromatization of androgens to oestrogens, particular by the conversion of androstenedione to oestrone. This is supported by an increased plasma oestrone/oestradiol-ratio and increased conversion rate with age and overweight. In vivo- and in vitro-investigations have demonstrated the participation of adipose tissue in peripheral oestrogene production. The compiled data point towards the importance of the extraglandular oestrone production for the etiology of endometrial cancer by effecting the endometrium over a long period of time. The counter action of the normally cyclic changes of oestradiol and progesterone is lacking. Therefore, a dysoestrogenic effect of oestrone upon the endometrium can be fully effective, depending on the hormone receptor content of the respective endometrium. Based upon these data including recent publications, pre- and postmenopausal oestrogen therapy has to be critically reevaluated.


7. DOCID:7749 SCORE: 0.00293870265646143
DOCNO: 7287271
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: mortality
QUALIFIER: standards
AUTHOR: S A Beresford SA
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: International journal of epidemiology.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: The relationship between water quality and health in the London area.
PUBDATE: 19810601
In a retrospective study of the relationship between reuse of water and hazards to health, the mortality experience from different causes, principally cancer, was examined for 29 boroughs and districts in the London area for the period 1968 to 1974. Information concerning the source of water supply to each borough was obtained both for the current situation, and historically back to 1926. Socioeconomic characteristics of the boroughs were extracted from 1971 census data. Differential mortality experiences for each sex were analysed using the standardised mortality ratio for ages 25 to 74. Most of the causes of death examined were associated with one or more of the socioeconomic characteristics of the boroughs. These socioeconomic characteristics accounted for the statistical associations between water reuse and mortality for each cause studied, except male stomach cancer, where a weak residual association remained. This association disappeared when variation in the size of boroughs was taken into account.


8. DOCID:3401 SCORE: 0.00293826014870642
DOCNO: 1253130
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced
QUALIFIER: therapeutic use
QUALIFIER: etiology
AUTHOR: G J D'Angio GJ
AUTHOR: A Meadows A
AUTHOR: V Miké V
AUTHOR: C Harris C
AUTHOR: A Evans A
AUTHOR: N Jaffe N
AUTHOR: W Newton W
AUTHOR: O Schweisguth O
AUTHOR: W Sutow W
AUTHOR: P Morris-Jones P
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Decreased risk of radiation-associated second malignant neoplasms in actinomycin-D-treated patients.
PUBDATE: 19760201
One hundred two long-term survivors of childhood cancers with second malignant neoplasms (SMNs) were collected from 10 institutions. Forty-seven cases fulfilling study criteria were studied to determine the risk of developing a SMN in irradiated fields after exposure to various chemotherapeutic agents. The case control method was used. The risk of developing such tumors was decreased by a factor of 7 in patients receiving actinomycin-D (AMD). The "protective" effect of AMD was more pronounced in patients receiving repeated courses of the agent. No change in relative risk was found for children given antifolates, the vinca alkaloids, or alkylating agents. AMD "protection" is an unexpected finding because the agent is an oncogen in animals and an enhancer of radiation, the latter being a known carcinogen. Possible mechanisms, which remain speculative, are discussed. These results indicate the need for careful long-term observation of cancer survivors to gain understanding of the late effects of multimodal treatments.


9. DOCID:11463 SCORE: 0.00292325353632035
DOCNO: 6689385
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: therapy
QUALIFIER: therapy
AUTHOR: M Fazio M
AUTHOR: F Badellino F
AUTHOR: G L Sannazzari GL
AUTHOR: V Vercellino V
AUTHOR: M Airoldi M
AUTHOR: A Manca A
AUTHOR: S Gandolfo S
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Tumori.
COUNTRY: ITALY
TITLE: Oral and pharyngeal cancer: combined approach for multimodal therapy.
PUBDATE: 19831201
Five-year results in 60 oral and pharyngeal cancer patients treated with combined approach chemoradiotherapy (39 patients) and chemoradiotherapy plus lymph node surgery (21 patients) are reported. Complete remission (CR) was achieved in 16/39 (41%) patients treated with chemoradiotherapy alone, and in 16/21 (76%) patients who had chemoradiotherapy plus surgery. The number of CR was statistically (chi-square test) higher (p less than 0.025) in the second group. The 5-year actuarial survival was 39.7% in the group of patients treated with chemoradiotherapy plus surgery. After 5 years 53% of the patients who reached CR are living free of disease in the first group and 76% in the second group.


10. DOCID:7143 SCORE: 0.0028789533226212
DOCNO: 7280937
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
QUALIFIER: surgery
QUALIFIER: surgery
QUALIFIER: surgery
AUTHOR: E Pihl E
AUTHOR: E S Hughes ES
AUTHOR: F T McDermott FT
AUTHOR: A B Price AB
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Surgery, gynecology & obstetrics.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Recurrence of carcinoma of the colon and rectum at the anastomotic suture line.
PUBDATE: 19811001
A total of 1,315 patients were treated by potentially curative resection for a single primary malignant tumor of the large intestine. Thirty-five or 2.7 per cent of the patients subsequently presented with a recurrent tumor at the site of the anastomosis. Fourteen of these patients were treated by further operation with curative intention, resulting in a median cancer-specific survival time of 41 months. The prognosis after resection of a recurrence of the tumor at the suture line was significantly better, p=0.001, than for patients in whom no further resection or palliative operation only was performed. None of the latter has survived for more than 30 months after confirmation of the recurrence, with a median survival time of 8.5 months.


11. DOCID:7103 SCORE: 0.00276925871810162
DOCNO: 7367867
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: genetics
QUALIFIER: genetics
AUTHOR: M C King MC
AUTHOR: R C Go RC
AUTHOR: R C Elston RC
AUTHOR: H T Lynch HT
AUTHOR: N L Petrakis NL
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Science.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Allele increasing susceptibility to human breast cancer may be linked to the glutamate-pyruvate transaminase locus.
PUBDATE: 19800401
The patterns of the occurrence of breast cancer in 11 high-risk families were evaluated by segregation and linkage analysis. These patterns were consistent with the hypothesis that increased susceptibility to breast cancer was inherited as an autosomal dominant allele with high penetrance in women. The postulated susceptibility allele in these families may be chromosomally linked to the glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (E.C. 2.6.1.2, alanine aminotransferase) locus. Confirmation of this linkage in other families would establish the existence of a gene increasing susceptibility to breast cancer. Since there is no association in the general population between a woman's glutamate-pyruvate transaminase genotype and her cancer risk, the glutamate-pyruvate transaminase linkage cannot be used as a screening test for breast cancer.


12. DOCID:3028 SCORE: 0.00270872898428752
DOCNO: 141951
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: analogs & derivatives
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: metabolism
AUTHOR: L O Sampaio LO
AUTHOR: C P Dietrich CP
AUTHOR: O G Filho OG
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Biochimica et biophysica acta.
COUNTRY: NETHERLANDS
TITLE: Changes in sulfated mucopolysaccharide composition of mammalian tissues during growth and in cancer tissues.
PUBDATE: 19770601
The distribution of sulfated mucopolysaccharides in different tissues during growth and in cancer tissues is reported. It is shown that most of the tissues of 1 day-old rats and rabbits contain chondroitin sulfate A/C, chondroitin sulfate B and heparan sulfate in about the same proportions, whereas in adult animals chondroitin sulfate A/C decreases in concentration or disappears. Changes in the relative proportions of chondroitin sulfate B and heparan sulfate were also observed in most of the tissues. In rats, these changes occur in the first 25 days of extrauterine development. A great increase of chondroitin sulfate A/C was observed in human tumors of different origins when compared with the normal adjacent tissues. Changes in the relative proportions of chondroitin sulfate B and heparan sulfate were also observed in most of the tumors analysed. The possible role of chondroitin sulfate A/C in cell division is discussed in view of the present findings.


13. DOCID:6538 SCORE: 0.00268345423135978
DOCNO: 6893171
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: methods
QUALIFIER: immunology
AUTHOR: M Eber M
AUTHOR: J Abecassis J
AUTHOR: J C Grob JC
AUTHOR: G Ott G
AUTHOR: G Methlin G
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry.
COUNTRY: NETHERLANDS
TITLE: Immunoradiometric assay for human thyroglobulin and variations in thyroid pathology.
PUBDATE: 19800701
A specific and sensitive double antibody radioimmunoassay for measuring human serum thyroglobulin (Tg) has been developed. Serum Tg levels are reported for patients with differentiated and undifferentiated thyroid carcinomas, post-treated and untreated hyperthyroidism, thyroiditis, and cold nodular goiters. We have studied results of serum Tg levels in the follow-up and care of patients who have undergone total thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid carcinomas. Tg has no diagnostic value in the detection of thyroid cancer, but is a reliable index of metastatic growth in the follow-up of patients with differentiated carcinomas. In addition, serum Tg determination might be helpful in the aetiological diagnosis of bone or lung metastases of unknown origin.


14. DOCID:7758 SCORE: 0.00267051065903827
DOCNO: 6784583
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: analysis
QUALIFIER: methods
QUALIFIER: methods
QUALIFIER: immunology
QUALIFIER: diagnostic use
AUTHOR: A A Rayner AA
AUTHOR: G Steele G
AUTHOR: M L Rodrick ML
AUTHOR: P J Harte PJ
AUTHOR: A E Munroe AE
AUTHOR: N Zamcheck N
AUTHOR: R E Wilson RE
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: American journal of surgery.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Application of polyethylene glycol turbidity assay to detection of circulating immune complexes in cancer patients.
PUBDATE: 19810401
A rapid, reproducible immune complex screening assay was used to quantitate levels of circulating immune complexes in the sera of normal subjects, patients with documented increases in immune complexes from rheumatoid arthritis, patients with clinically or microbiologically documented infections, and patients with cancer. Although wide variations in individual values within the groups were noted and the concurrent elevation of polyethylene glycol-circulating immune complex levels by infection was documented as expected, significant differences were found in the values in patients with cancer compared with those in normal subjects. The overall clinical application of polyethylene glycol-circulating immune complex screening is discussed and current application of screening of serial sera samples from individual patients for correlation with measurable tumor volume is proposed.