0. DOCID:6810 SCORE: 0.00439733296461983
DOCNO: 447014
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: genetics
QUALIFIER: genetics
AUTHOR: A Watanabe A
AUTHOR: H Nagashima H
AUTHOR: M Motoi M
AUTHOR: K Ogawa K
PUBTYPE: Case Reports
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Gastroenterology.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Familial juvenile polyposis of the stomach.
PUBDATE: 19790701
Innumerable polyps of the stomach were recognized in a 13-yr old girl. She had no extragastric polyps on roentgenographic and endoscopic studies. Her elder brother received a subtotal gastrectomy because of gastric polyposis at 14 yr of age. Their mother died of gastric cancer at 37 yr of age. Only these three subjects in this family had unusual brown hair and were low in normal intelligence. Polyps produced chronic and severe loss of both blood and protein, which resolved after a subtotal gastrectomy at 18 yr of age. Macroscopic and histologic observations of polyps in the resected stomach confirmed the diagnosis of juvenile polyposis. Both siblings are now in good health. Classification of this hereditary syndrome as a newly recognized entity, familial juvenile polyposis of the stomach, is proposed.


1. DOCID:6565 SCORE: 0.004000421898691
DOCNO: 669846
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: pathology
AUTHOR: T Nagayo T
AUTHOR: H Yokoyama H
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer.
COUNTRY: DENMARK
TITLE: Recent changes in the morphology of gastric cancer in Japan.
PUBDATE: 19780401
The macroscopical and histological features of 4,428 cases of gastric cancer resected stomachs was noted.d surgically between 1953 and 1974 were studied. Of these cases, 81.9% were in an advanced stage and 18.1% in an early stage. The following changes were observed. (1) In the group of advanced cancers, a gradual decrease in the frequency of Borrmann II type was noted. Most of these tumors were well-differentiated adenocarcinomas. (2) In the group of early cancers, a gradual increase in the proportion of "cancerous erosion" was detected. The majority of these tumors were poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas or infiltrating signet-ring cell cancers. (3) At intervals of 10 years, 5-10% decrease in the frequency of intestinal metaplasia in resected stomachs was noted.


2. DOCID:7692 SCORE: 0.00365248193786192
DOCNO: 308023
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Lymphocyte Activation
QUALIFIER: biosynthesis
QUALIFIER: blood
AUTHOR: M Gojobori M
AUTHOR: H Mashiba H
AUTHOR: K Matsunaga K
AUTHOR: S Jimi S
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Gann = Gan.
COUNTRY: JAPAN
TITLE: Lymphotoxin production in cancer patients: possible relation to blastogenesis and the degree of tumor disease.
PUBDATE: 19780401
Peripheral blood lymphocytes from healthy donors, cancer patients, and noncancer patients were cultured with or without phytohemagglutinin (PHA) for 3 days, supernatant containing lymphotoxin (LT) was added to L cells, and LT activities were examined. LT release by PHA-stimulated lymphocytes from patients with uterine cervical cancer in stages 0 and I decreased and the degree of the decrease was much more marked in stage IV. However, LT activities released spontaneously without PHA were higher in patients with uterine myoma, patients with uterine cervical cancer in stages II to IV, patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, and patients with gastro-intestinal cancer. Relation of LT release and blastogenesis following stimulation with PHA was also examined. Correlation was observed in only 14 out of 43 patients with uterine cervical cancer (32.6%). The role of LT in cancer patients was discussed.


3. DOCID:6730 SCORE: 0.00359852145687662
DOCNO: 438630
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: pathology
QUALIFIER: pathology
QUALIFIER: pathology
QUALIFIER: pathology
QUALIFIER: pathology
AUTHOR: R C Henry RC
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: The Journal of laryngology and otology.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: The transformation of laryngeal leucoplakia to cancer.
PUBDATE: 19790501
In the transformation of laryngeal keratosis to cancer what one may be witnessing is a progression from normal epithelium to keratosis without cellular atypia, through varying degrees of atypia to the stage of carcinoma-in-situ when the full thickness of the epithelium is occupied by atypical cells until finally, with breaching of the basement membrane, an invasive carcinoma occurs (Fig. 12). Although this is, in theory, an attractive sequence, in practice it seems rare to detect an alteration in the epithelium from keratosis without atypia to keratosis with atypia and furthermore most of the carcinomas which developed were not in-situ but invasive. Therefore the significant pathway is probably a change from normal non-keratinizing stratified squamous epithelium via keratosis with atypia to invasive carcinoma (Fig. 13).


4. DOCID:6968 SCORE: 0.00336394634534469
DOCNO: 277720
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Immunity
QUALIFIER: immunology
QUALIFIER: etiology
AUTHOR: M H Greene MH
AUTHOR: R N Hoover RN
AUTHOR: J F Fraumeni JF
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Subsequent cancer in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia--a possible immunologic mechanism.
PUBDATE: 19780801
Among 4,869 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) from the series of the End Results Program of the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, second primary cancers developed in 234 patients, compared to 204.9 expected. The risk was significantly elevated for malignant melanoma, soft-tissue sarcomas, and lung cancer. The frequency of rectal cancer was also elevated, but not significantly. The excess risk for these specific sites persisted throughout the period of follow-up, suggesting a susceptibility state that complicated the leukemic process rather than suggesting methodologic, diagnostic, or therapeutic effects. Immunologic defects to CLL may be involved in the etiology of excess risk for these sites, because a similar array of nonlymphoid tumors was seen following therapeutic immunosuppression among renal transplant recipients.


5. DOCID:7291 SCORE: 0.00323675578224327
DOCNO: 7338704
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Carcinogens, Environmental
AUTHOR: I K Crombie IK
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Journal of epidemiology and community health.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: The limitations of case-control studies in the detection of environmental carcinogens.
PUBDATE: 19811201
The ability of the case-control study to detect human carcinogens has been investigated theoretically for varying fractions of the population exposed to hazards carrying different relative risks. The method is shown to be useful for the investigation of factors to which exposure is widespread (for example, common foods or beverages) but it is of limited use for the study of uncommon types of exposure, such as those associated with occupation. The case-control study is unable to detect very small relative risks (less than 1.5) even where exposure is widespread and large numbers of cases of cancer are occurring in the population. The principal limitation of the method is the maximum number of cases which can be recruited and analysed. It will only be through large-scale collaborative multicentre or international studies that important risk factors will be detected.


6. DOCID:7469 SCORE: 0.0032238067427976
DOCNO: 90726
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: psychology
QUALIFIER: psychology
AUTHOR: B R Cassileth BR
AUTHOR: T A Egan TA
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Journal of medical education.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Modification of medical student perceptions of the cancer experience.
PUBDATE: 19791001
Social, cultural, economic, psychological, and interpersonal dimensions of cancer and cancer patient management were addressed by a diverse group of faculty in an elective course conducted for a small number of students in their second, third, and fourth years of medical school. The covert, symbolic attitudes which students held toward this disease were inferred from their scores on the Beck Hopelessness Scale and the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) prior to and at the conclusion of the course. At the outset of the course the degree of hopelessness attributed to cancer patients by students was projected in excess of the amount cancer patients actually experience. Test results from an additional 50 medical students identified these bleak perceptions as typical of second-through fourth-year medical students. Significant attitudinal shifts, new insights into cancer patient management, and generally improved interactional skills resulted from the course.


7. DOCID:7421 SCORE: 0.00319798560984304
DOCNO: 88402
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: diagnosis
AUTHOR: W Bischoff W
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Fortschritte der Medizin.
COUNTRY: GERMANY, WEST
TITLE: [The problem of hepatic dysfunction of the diagnosis of hypernephroid kidney carcinomas (Stauffer syndrome)]
PUBDATE: 19790601
In 43 patients with histologically proved hypernephroid kidney cancer evaluation of the electrophoretic results, serum alkaline phosphatase, thromboplastin time (Quick's time) and bromthalein retention (n = 10) was carried out. As a control group the serum values of 10 patients with clinical tentative diagnosis of hypernephroid kidney cancer were checked; in this group operation and histological examination showed no kidney tumor. Only in one patient we found the typical constellation with elevated alkaline phosphatase, diminished albumin, elevated alpha-2 globuline fraction, and decreased thromboplastin time. 10 patients with histologically proved hypernephroid kidney cancer (nephrectomy) did not show any hepatic dysfunctions. Concerning the laboratory findings there was no difference between the two groups. In case of hepatic dysfunctions of unknown etiology a liver punction should be carried out for histologically examination. The cause of hepatic dysfunction (Stauffer syndrome) in cases of hypernephroid kidney cancer are discussed.


8. DOCID:7211 SCORE: 0.00316305279062363
DOCNO: 7382056
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Educational Status
DESCRIPTOR: Informed Consent
QUALIFIER: standards
AUTHOR: G R Morrow GR
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: How readable are subject consent forms?
PUBDATE: 19800701
A consent to treatment form provides required information that a patient may use to give intelligent, informed consent to proposed treatment. This study applied two standard techniques to assess the degree to which 60 informed consent forms from five national cancer clinical trial groups were readable and understandable by patients. The forms were found slightly less difficult to comprehend than medical journals but substantially more difficult than comparable materials from the popular press. Three of four passages describing treatment methods, procedures, discomforts, and risks required a college level or greater reading ability to comprehend. Informed consent documents may not be understood by a substantial portion of patients who sign them. The very regulations designed to ensure a patient's informed cooperation with treatment may inadvertently lead to forms that are so complex as to make informed cooperation virtually impossible.


9. DOCID:7646 SCORE: 0.00307346245003998
DOCNO: 6116002
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: chemically induced
AUTHOR: P I Reed PI
AUTHOR: P L Smith PL
AUTHOR: K Haines K
AUTHOR: F R House FR
AUTHOR: C L Walters CL
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Lancet.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: Gastric juice N-nitrosamines in health and gastroduodenal disease.
PUBDATE: 19810901
The concentrations of total extractable N-nitroso compounds, pH, and nitrite levels were measured in fasting gastric juice, which was also cultured for bacteria, from 50 healthy volunteers and 217 patients with common upper gastrointestinal complaints. The concentrations of N-nitroso compounds and pH levels rose significantly with age. Sex and cigarette smoking had no significant effect. There was a positive correlation between pH and N-nitroso concentration, and between pH and an increase in the concentration of nitrites. A significant relation was demonstrated between raised N-nitroso and nitrite levels and growth of nitrate reductase-positive microorganisms. These results demonstrate for the first time in man the interrelations of N-nitrosamine concentration, pH, gastric juice nitrite, and nitrate-reducing bacteria. The findings are considered in relation to the risks of development of gastric cancer in man.


10. DOCID:6592 SCORE: 0.00301173641370445
DOCNO: 7410764
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Diet
QUALIFIER: etiology
QUALIFIER: etiology
AUTHOR: K Hunter K
AUTHOR: M W Linn MW
AUTHOR: R Harris R
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Dietary patterns and cancer of the digestive tract in older patients.
PUBDATE: 19800901
This study involved 97 male veterans (age range, 45-65) in four approximately equal groups, classified as follows: 1) colon or rectal cancer, 2) upper digestive-tract cancers, 3) other cancers, and 4) additional controls (no cancer). Dietary histories of these cancer and noncancer inpatients were recorded to see whether or not consumption of particular substances could be predictive of cancer. The interactions of substances in combination such as sugar x fat, and alcohol x smoking, proved to be important predictors of cancer of the upper digestive tract. The degree of coffee consumption was a predictor of nondigestive-tract cancer. However, colorectal cancer patients could not be distinguished from non-cancer patients by the dietary variables examined.


11. DOCID:7825 SCORE: 0.0029152953689227
DOCNO: 427749
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: metabolism
AUTHOR: H W RĂ¼diger HW
AUTHOR: J Marxen J
AUTHOR: F V Kohl FV
AUTHOR: H Melderis H
AUTHOR: P von Wichert P
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer research.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Metabolism and formation of DNA adducts of benzo(a)pyrene in human diploid fibroblasts.
PUBDATE: 19790301
Cultured human diploid skin fibroblasts incubated with [G-3H]benzo(a)pyrene yielded about 10 times more H2O-=soluble benzo(a)pyrene metabolites and DNA adducts of stationary growth phase than did proliferating cultures. This increased formation could be blocked by alpha-naphthoflavone. Trichloropropenoxide and cyclohexenoxide, inhibitors of the epoxide hydratase, inhibited predominantly the formation of DNA adducts. Cultures from older individuals formed significantly more benzo(a)pyrene metabolites and DNA adducts, but control cultures from patients with either lung cancer or melanoma did not. The age influence was not apparent when the ratio of DNA adducts to H2O-soluble metabolites was determined for each individual cell line. However, the proportion of DNA-bound material in the cells from patients with lung cancer was significantly increased compared to cells from melanoma patients or healthy individuals.


12. DOCID:7918 SCORE: 0.00287273687722057
DOCNO: 86771
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: analysis
QUALIFIER: analysis
AUTHOR: T Cooke T
AUTHOR: D George D
AUTHOR: R Shields R
AUTHOR: P Maynard P
AUTHOR: K Griffiths K
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Lancet.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: Oestrogen receptors and prognosis in early breast cancer.
PUBDATE: 19790501
In a study of the role of oestrogen-receptor analysis in early breast cancer the oestrogen-receptor content of the tumour was estimated in 286 patients undergoing mastectomy. These patients were followed for up to 39 months, and the recurrence of disease was noted in relation to the presence or absence of oestrogen receptor.Recurrence-rates were significantly higher in patients whose tumours did not contain receptors than in those whose tumours did. This same relationship was seen when women with and without axillary metastases were considered separately. The highest rates of recurrence were in women with axillary lymph-node involvement whose tumours lacked oestrogen receptors. Women without axillary-node involvement whose tumours lacked oestrogen receptors showed the same high rate of recurrence as all women with axillary-node involvement. The oestrogen-receptor content of a primary breast cancer appears to be an independent guide to early recurrence of the disease.


13. DOCID:6917 SCORE: 0.00283851693685222
DOCNO: 7019794
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: etiology
AUTHOR: J L Davies JL
AUTHOR: N B Rosenshein NB
AUTHOR: C M Antunes CM
AUTHOR: P D Stolley PD
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
PUBTYPE: Review
JOURNALTITLE: Obstetrical & gynecological survey.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: A review of the risk factors for endometrial carcinoma.
PUBDATE: 19810301
To summarize the review, the medical literature indicates that certain constitutional factors as well as the use of exogenous estrogen are associated with an increased risk of endometrial cancer. In addition, the absolute increase in the risk of this neoplasm with use of estrogen does not appear to be constant but depends upon the specific constitutional factors present. Therefore, particular caution should be exercised in prescribing replacement estrogens for women who already have an increased risk of endometrial cancer, such as those who are overweight or those who give a history of late onset of menopause. It should be noted, however, that the greatest absolute increase in risk with estrogen use appears to occur in women with no other known risk factors for the disease.


14. DOCID:5351 SCORE: 0.00280118880709532
DOCNO: 644775
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Blood Volume
DESCRIPTOR: Respiration
QUALIFIER: physiopathology
AUTHOR: R I Vagner RI
AUTHOR: A I Evtiukhin AI
AUTHOR: M L Gel'fond ML
AUTHOR: I A Frid IA
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Vestnik khirurgii imeni I. I. Grekova.
COUNTRY: USSR
TITLE: [State of circulating blood volume, blood components and the function of external respiration in lung cancer]
PUBDATE: 19780201
The data concerning the changes in the circulating blood volume, globular and plasma volumes, red blood cells indices and also some indices of the external respiration function in lung cancer cases are set forth. Radiopneumography has permitted to find out some significant disorders in the regional ventilation and in the pulmonary blood flow in early postoperative period, which in case of hypoventilation is likely to cause a severe respiratory insufficiency and, therefore, requires an energetic therapeutic control.