0. DOCID:2022 SCORE: 0.00383676911489625
DOCNO: 12229414
OWNER: PIP
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Diagnosis
DESCRIPTOR: Financial Management
DESCRIPTOR: Government Publications
DESCRIPTOR: Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Drug research reports.
COUNTRY: United States
TITLE: (Reprint of) National Cancer Act Amendments of 1974. Conference Report.
PUBDATE: 19740701
This is a conference committee report of the House and Senate to amend the Public Health Service Act to improve the national cancer program and to authorize appropriations for such programs. Title 1, Extension of Cancer Program, deals with administrative, budgetary, and personnel matters; programs of routine exfoliative cytology tests; and requirements of peer review of grant applications and contract projects. Title 2, Biomedical Research, establishes a President's Biomedical Research Panel to study and make recommendations concerning the subject, content, organization, and operation of biomedical and behavioral reserach conducted and supported under programs of the National Institutes of Health and the National Institutes of Mental Health. After 15 months, the panel will submit to the President and Congress a comprehensive report of its findings and recomendations. The 7-member panel shall expire after 18 months.

1. DOCID:6092 SCORE: 0.00374969241550081
DOCNO: 7248438
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Clinical Trials
DESCRIPTOR: Education, Graduate
DESCRIPTOR: Statistics
AUTHOR: E A Gehan EA
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Biometrics.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: The training of statisticians for cooperative clinical trials: a working statistician's viewpoint.
PUBDATE: 19801201
The methods of training statisticians for clinical trials can take diverse forms: attendance at courses and lectures, personal study, observing and doing, or working as an apprentice. Desirable qualifications for an effective working statistician are: adequate knowledge of biostatistics and the field of application for the clinical trial, an ability to communicate statistical ideas verbally at meetings and in the writing of reports and collaborative research papers, an awareness of potential sources of bias, an understanding of ethical issues, and an ability to set priorities for projects. These issues are discussed in the context of training, and personal comments are made from the viewpoint of a statistician with substantial experience of clinical trials in cancer.

2. DOCID:15022 SCORE: 0.00273709849372928
DOCNO: 2959310
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Workers' Compensation
QUALIFIER: mortality
AUTHOR: M Finkelstein M
AUTHOR: G M Liss GM
AUTHOR: F Krammer F
AUTHOR: R A Kusiak RA
AFFILIATION: Health Studies Service, Ontario Ministry of Labour, Toronto, Canada.
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: British journal of industrial medicine.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: Mortality among workers receiving compensation awards for silicosis in Ontario 1940-85.
PUBDATE: 19870901
The mortality experience of 1190 miners and 289 surface industry workers receiving workers' compensation awards for silicosis in Ontario since 1940 has been studied up to mid-1985. Both groups were found to have a significantly increased mortality from lung cancer (miners' SMR: 230; surface workers' SMR: 302) and stomach cancer (miners' SMR: 188; surface workers' SMR: 366). Adjustment for smoking and country of origin did not explain the excesses observed. The lung cancer findings are consistent with observations from silicosis registries in Europe. Possible explanatory factors are discussed.

3. DOCID:11762 SCORE: 0.00272825821814655
DOCNO: 6734002
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: drug therapy
QUALIFIER: therapeutic use
AUTHOR: F C Campbell FC
AUTHOR: D A Morgan DA
AUTHOR: H M Bishop HM
AUTHOR: F M Benton FM
AUTHOR: R W Blamey RW
AUTHOR: C W Elston CW
AUTHOR: R I Nicholson RI
AUTHOR: K Griffiths K
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Clinical oncology.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: The management of locally advanced carcinoma of the breast by Nolvadex (tamoxifen): a pilot study.
PUBDATE: 19840601
Fifty-one postmenopausal women with locally advanced breast cancer were treated initially by Nolvadex (Tamoxifen, ICI) alone and followed prospectively between 1974 and 1982. Twenty-three patients (40%) showed an objective response to therapy of whom 17 (75%) remain in remission at median follow-up of 36 months. Patients who failed to respond to Nolvadex therapy were treated by radiotherapy which achieved local control in 64%, with 10 months median duration. Nolvadex therapy conveys a good quality lengthy remission to a sizeable minority of patients. The majority of those who fail to respond are satisfactorily managed by radiotherapy.

4. DOCID:11805 SCORE: 0.00272825558257571
DOCNO: 2998957
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: analogs & derivatives
QUALIFIER: drug therapy
AUTHOR: J V Hamerlynck JV
AUTHOR: A P Maskens AP
AUTHOR: C Mangioni C
AUTHOR: M E van der Burg ME
AUTHOR: J A Wils JA
AUTHOR: J B Vermorken JB
AUTHOR: N Rotmensz N
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Gynecologic oncology.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Phase II trial of medroxyprogesterone acetate in advanced ovarian cancer: an EORTC Gynecological Cancer Cooperative Group Study.
PUBDATE: 19851101
Progestin therapy of ovarian carcinoma in the past has been reported to lead to varying response rates. A multicenter phase II study of high-dose MPA was conducted in 53 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer who had received adequate trials of conventional therapy with cytotoxic agents. Forty-one patients were included for response and toxicity evaluations. Only one partial response has been recorded with a duration of 20 weeks. Stabilization of disease was observed in 7 patients. The present investigation shows that MPA given at the present high dose is not effective in patients extensively pretreated with chemotherapy.

5. DOCID:7938 SCORE: 0.00260774173263062
DOCNO: 7284734
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: ultrastructure
QUALIFIER: ultrastructure
QUALIFIER: ultrastructure
QUALIFIER: ultrastructure
AUTHOR: O J Traynor OJ
AUTHOR: N L Costa NL
AUTHOR: L H Blumgart LH
AUTHOR: C B Wood CB
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: The British journal of surgery.
COUNTRY: ENGLAND
TITLE: A scanning electron microscopy study of ultrastructural changes in the colonic mucosa of patients with large bowel tumours.
PUBDATE: 19811001
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has been used to compare the appearances of the colonic mucosal surface and overlying mucus layer of patients with normal colons, adenomatous polyps and colorectal carcinoma. The normal colonic mucosa had a characteristic orderly arrangement of crypts and was completely covered by an intact mucus layer. Epithelial and cryptal irregularities were seen on the surface of both polyps and carcinomas, and, in addition, the mucus layer was fragmented, leaving areas of the underlying epithelium exposed. These changes were more marked in colorectal cancers than in polyps and were present to a lesser degree in the apparently normal mucosa adjacent to tumours. The findings indicate that SEM can detect minor subtle irregularities on the surface of the colon and so may be useful in detecting pre-neoplastic and early neoplastic changes.

6. DOCID:10790 SCORE: 0.00249806167432604
DOCNO: 4079432
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: diagnosis
AUTHOR: L H Baker LH
AUTHOR: T D Chin TD
AUTHOR: K V Wagner KV
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Journal of surgical oncology.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Progress in screening for early breast cancer.
PUBDATE: 19851001
Ten years have now passed since the American Cancer Society/National Cancer Institute sponsored Breast Cancer Detection Demonstration Projects (BCDDP) started to evaluate the use of mammography, physical examination, thermography, and breast self-examination in screening women for the presence of unsuspected breast cancer. Criteria have been developed to evaluate population screening as an approach to cancer control and breast cancer screening techniques. Combined physical examination and mammography have been particularly successful in detecting early breast cancer. Although the number of screening programs for breast cancer has increased in the past decade, real progress has been surprisingly slow and the issues in breast cancer screening have proved to be subtle and complex.

7. DOCID:3739 SCORE: 0.0022052668574883
DOCNO: 922666
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Immunity, Cellular
QUALIFIER: blood
QUALIFIER: blood
QUALIFIER: blood
AUTHOR: W P Bradley WP
AUTHOR: A P Blasco AP
AUTHOR: J F Weiss JF
AUTHOR: J C Alexander JC
AUTHOR: N A Silverman NA
AUTHOR: P B Chretien PB
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Correlations among serum protein-bound carbohydrates, serum glycoproteins, lymphocyte reactivity, and tumors burden in cancer patients.
PUBDATE: 19771101
Levels of glycoprotein-associated carbohydrates (neutral hexoses, hexosamine, sialic acid and fucose) were determined in the serum of patients with either local, regional or metastatic cancer, patients clinically cured of cancer, and controls (smokers and nonsmokers). Total protein-bound carbohydrates were compared with levels of 17 normal serum glycoproteins, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and with lymphocyte reactivity to phytohemagglutin (PHA). Tumor burden was directly related to protein-bound carbohydrate levels in patient groups. Levels of bound carbohydrates reflect the sum of all the changes in serum glycoproteins, but primarily changes in the acute-phase proteins (alpha 1-acid glycoprotein, alpha 1-antitrypsin, haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin) found in the alpha-globulin fraction of serum. Increases in protein-bound carbohydrates in tumor-bearers were not related to increases in CEA. Increased levels of the acute-phase proteins occurred in individuals with depressed in vitro lymphocyte reactivity to PHA. A significant positive correlation was found between lymphocyte reactivity and level of alpha 2HS-glycoprotein. The results suggest that serum protein-bound carbohydrates or glycoproteins may be of adjunctive value is assessing tumor burden and immune reactivity in cancer patients.

8. DOCID:7880 SCORE: 0.00219532218510019
DOCNO: 7284969
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: adverse effects
QUALIFIER: chemically induced
AUTHOR: W C Willett WC
AUTHOR: C Bain C
AUTHOR: C H Hennekens CH
AUTHOR: B Rosner B
AUTHOR: F E Speizer FE
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Oral contraceptives and risk of ovarian cancer.
PUBDATE: 19811001
Among a large cohort of married, female, registered nurses under 55 years of age, oral contraceptive (OC) use was examined in women with ovarian cancer and 470 age-matched controls. Use of OCs before the diagnosis of cancer was reported by 28% of the women with ovarian cancer and 33% of the controls, yielding a relative risk of 0.8 (95% confidence limits 0.4-1.5). This apparent inverse relationship was attributable to a large effect in women 35 years of age or younger (relative risk = 0.2, 95% confidence limits 0.1-1.0). Patients with ovarian cancer were 2.2 times more likely than controls to be nulliparous. These data provide reassurance that OC use is not likely to be associated with any major increase in risk of ovarian cancer, but suggest that future studies of this relationship need to consider the possible confounding effect of infertility.

9. DOCID:6141 SCORE: 0.00210461869699555
DOCNO: 7444514
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: radiotherapy
QUALIFIER: radiotherapy
AUTHOR: B Amendola B
AUTHOR: T A Hazra TA
AUTHOR: R Belgrad R
AUTHOR: E R King ER
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Southern medical journal.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Radiation therapy for esophageal cancer: the Medical College of Virginia experience.
PUBDATE: 19801101
In a retrospective review of 70 patients with carcinoma of the esophagus treated by external beam irradiation therapy from 1968 to 1977 at the Medical College of Virginia, we correlated survival with race, age, sex, histology, and site of tumor. Results of treatment were also analyzed in relation to the length of the esophagus treated, the total area of the treatment field, and the total tumor dose. From this analysis it appears that radiotherapy has a place in the palliative treatment of esophageal cancer and that palliation is independent of the total volume and dose. There is indication that with higher dosage the survival rate is slightly higher.

10. DOCID:3800 SCORE: 0.00205729084159262
DOCNO: 789782
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Ultraviolet Rays
QUALIFIER: radiation effects
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: metabolism
AUTHOR: B Lambert B
AUTHOR: U Ringborg U
AUTHOR: G Swanbeck G
PUBTYPE: Clinical Trial
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: The Journal of investigative dermatology.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Ultraviolet-induced dna repair synthesis in lymphocytes from patients with actinic keratosis.
PUBDATE: 19761101
Actinic keratosis is an epidermal cancer in situ. Extensive exposure to sunlight is considered as a contributing factor to the etiology of this tumor. Ultraviolet (UV) light of solar radiation induces structural damage in DNA, which may give rise to mutations and transformed cells if the damage is not repaired. Repair of UV-induced DNA lesions is an essential property of human cells. The conditions so far reported to have defective DNA repair are all associated with an increased incidence of malignancy. Do patients with actinic keratosis also exhibit a reduced capacity to repair UV-induced DNA lesions? DNA repair synthesis in peripheral leukocytes was studied in 10 patients with actinic keratosis and 10 healthy subjects of corresponding age. After irradiation with various doses of UV light the leukocytes were incubated for 2 hr with [3H]thymidine in the presence of hydroxyurea. A dose-response relationship for the UV-induced DNA repair synthesis was established for each individual. The average repair capacity in the patients with actinic keratosis was about 30% below that of the controls. The difference is statistically significant (p less than 0.02). Reduced DNA repair synthesis may therefore be an important factor in the etiology of actinic keratosis.

11. DOCID:10811 SCORE: 0.00205535277204876
DOCNO: 6469649
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: epidemiology
AUTHOR: H D Maillie HD
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Health physics.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Limited life-table factors for estimating radiation-induced cancers over finite time periods.
PUBDATE: 19840701
A method is presented that allows the estimation of radiation-induced cancer incidence or mortality at varying times post-exposure in irradiated populations of males or females of ages ranging from 10 to 70 yr. Limited life-table factors are given in graphic form for 2 sets of conditions: when the latent period is 2 yr and the plateau 30 yr and when the latent period is 10 yr and the plateau extends to the end of life. Normal incidences for selected forms of cancer are also presented. Examples are given that show how to calculate the radiation excess cancers and to compare this excess with the normal. The implications of these numbers are also discussed.

12. DOCID:9830 SCORE: 0.00204411673991454
DOCNO: 6868243
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Radioimmunoassay
DESCRIPTOR: Reagent Kits, Diagnostic
QUALIFIER: analysis
QUALIFIER: enzymology
QUALIFIER: enzymology
AUTHOR: T D Moon TD
AUTHOR: R L Vessella RL
AUTHOR: M Eickhoff M
AUTHOR: P H Lange PH
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Urology.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Acid phosphatase for monitoring prostatic carcinoma. Comparison of radioimmunoassay and enzymatic techniques.
PUBDATE: 19830701
We compared a commercial radioimmunoassay kit with an enzymatic assay for prostatic acid phosphatase in monitoring the progression or remission of disease in 27 patients with prostatic cancer. In 5 of the 18 patients whose disease progressed, and in 4 of the 9 whose disease responded to treatment, the change was reflected better by the radioimmunoassay. In no case was the enzymatic assay better. Radioimmunoassay for prostatic acid phosphatase may be an effective and sensitive way to monitor the course of carcinoma of the prostate.

13. DOCID:2965 SCORE: 0.00200501881752484
DOCNO: 831494
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Lymphatic Metastasis
QUALIFIER: classification
AUTHOR: R C Boronow RC
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: American journal of obstetrics and gynecology.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Stage I cervix cancer and pelvic node metastasis: special reference to the implications of the new and the recently replaced FIGO classifications on Stage Ia.
PUBDATE: 19770101
The current staging system for cervix cancer of the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) has been in use for less than 2 years. It is criticized by many because of a lack of quantitative features. While quantative features are important, the over-all morphology of the histologic pattern--the qualitative features--are those utilized by most pathologists in interpretating the "invasiveness" of a lesion and therefore its biologic potential. The most recent, as well as the previous FIGO Staging System was applied to 108 personal cases with particular reference to lymih node metastasis. By comparing results of the new and older staging system, the validity of the new system is suggested, and the inordinately high rate of node metastasis when using the older system appears to be at least one reason for the relatively high rate of node metastasis reported in earlier series of Stage Ia lesions reported in the literature.

14. DOCID:11971 SCORE: 0.00199936491566942
DOCNO: 6546490
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: immunology
QUALIFIER: diagnosis
AUTHOR: M J Borowitz MJ
AUTHOR: R B Stein RB
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Diagnostic applications of monoclonal antibodies to human cancer.
PUBDATE: 19840201
Monoclonal antibodies elicited to surface antigens on a wide variety of normal and neoplastic cell types have been used with increasing frequency in the diagnosis and classification of cancer. Their widest application so far has been in the in vitro analysis of leukemia and lymphoma using blood or bone marrow samples or tissue biopsy specimens. Although no true leukemia-specific marker has been found, the complex biologic nature of this group of tumors has been shown by monoclonal antibody studies. More recently, these antibodies were produced against solid tumor-associated antigens. The antibodies have helped to identify the tissue of origin of malignant neoplasms and, in some cases, to monitor the course of disease. Carefully chosen panels of monoclonal antibodies will become valuable additions to the diagnostic pathologist's arsenal.