0. DOCID:6982 SCORE: 0.00367132393208309
DOCNO: 6791024
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: complications
QUALIFIER: therapy
AUTHOR: K M Foley KM
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: NIDA research monograph.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Current issues in the management of cancer pain: Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center.
PUBDATE: 19810501
Recent attention to the management of cancer pain in the mass media (TV, books, newspapers) and the medical press provides ample evidence to suggest that many cancer patients are not receiving appropriate therapy for their pain. Since cancer therapy is often not curative, only palliative, specific attention to the management of pain in such patients is essential. However, the management of cancer pain requires a specific approach and expertise. Narcotic analgesics are the mainstay of therapy in the management of such patients, yet physicians lack sufficient knowledge of narcotic pharmacology to use these drugs appropriately. Recent controversy has arisen in 3 specific aspects of narcotic drug therapy: 1) the choice of a narcotic drug and its method of administration; 2) the development of tolerance, and 3) the risk of substance abuse, drug dependence, and addiction.

1. DOCID:7899 SCORE: 0.00349878543478216
DOCNO: 7193368
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: therapeutic use
QUALIFIER: drug therapy
AUTHOR: J E Altwein JE
AUTHOR: G H Jacobi GH
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Der Urologe. Ausg. A.
COUNTRY: GERMANY, WEST
TITLE: [Hormone therapy of prostatic cancer (author's transl)]
PUBDATE: 19801101
64% of all patients with newly diagnosed prostatic carcinoma present with metastases. Hormone application with or without orchiectomy appears to be the adequate form of primary treatment. The most common therapeutic modality is estrogen administration, which has, however distinct disadvantages: The patient is protected up to 5 years only, there is a 27% cardiovascular mortality, it induces a prolactin surge, and is immunosuppressive. Phase III-studies of the EORTC and VACURG have demonstrated that medroxyprogesterone acetate and cyproterone acetate parallel the effectiveness of estrogens. In a phase II-trial adjunctive bromocriptine was found to be necessary to suppress estrogen or antiandrogen induced hyperprolactinemia. The following concept is derived: In disseminated untreated prostatic cancer estrogens or antiandrogens in combination with bromocriptine or high dose injectable gestagens are effective means of primary treatment. Distinct clinical parameters determine the "hormone of first choice". Orchiectomy is reserved for patients with ureteral compression or progressing disease.

2. DOCID:5911 SCORE: 0.00346754370199041
DOCNO: 98229
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: enzymology
QUALIFIER: enzymology
AUTHOR: B C Ghosh BC
AUTHOR: L Ghosh L
AUTHOR: B L Newson BL
AUTHOR: T K Das Gupta TK
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer research.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Histochemical and ultrastructural study of lactic dehydrogenase in chemically induced lung cancer.
PUBDATE: 19780901
Light and electron microscopy studies of lactic dehydrogenase activity were carried out in embryonic, neonatal, and adult mouse lungs and in lungs undergoing chemically induced carcinogenesis. Embryonic mouse lungs were collected on the 6th, 12th, and 18th days of gestation; 1-day-old lungs were used for the neonatal model. These were compared with adult normal mouse lung and lungs of the animals treated with 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide at a monthly interval until cancer developed. Enzymatic activity was seen in the embryonic, precancerous, and malignant lung tissues and was found diffusely in the cytoplasm of the epithelial cells.

3. DOCID:7865 SCORE: 0.00344975375708657
DOCNO: 711976
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: pathology
AUTHOR: A M De Bono AM
AUTHOR: E M Pillers EM
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Journal of epidemiology and community health.
COUNTRY: SWITZERLAND
TITLE: Carcinoma of the breast in East Anglia 1960-1975: a changing pattern of presentation?
PUBDATE: 19780901
A study was made of the clinical stage at presentation in 10 081 cases of carcinoma of the breast registered with the East Anglian Cancer Registration Bureau between 1960 and 1975. Information about the length of clinical history was obtained in 8862 cases. There has been a gradual increase in the population-adjusted incidence of breast carcinoma in the region during the period studied. Since 1968, there has been a consistent increase in Stage I and II registrations, but a fall in Stage III registrations. Stage IV registrations have remained constant. A greater proportion of women with Stage I or II lesions present with a short clinical history, and this pattern has not changed during the course of the study. We suggest that increased interest in, and opportunities for, the early diagnosis of breast disease are leading to a change in the pattern of presentation.

4. DOCID:7785 SCORE: 0.00301683956714216
DOCNO: 657092
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: etiology
QUALIFIER: complications
AUTHOR: A Besarab A
AUTHOR: J F Caro JF
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Cancer.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Mechanisms of hypercalcemia in malignancy.
PUBDATE: 19780601
Various hormones have been implicated in the genesis of hypercalcemia in patients with malignancy. Ectopic secretion of PTH by tumor has been documented in only a few patients; rather, elevated levels of circulating iPTH have been presumed to reflect tumor production of hormone in most patients. Small fragments of PTH, as well as polypeptides larger than native PTH, have been described; their biological roles are unclear. The pattern of immunoreactivity, however, has been used to differentiate patients with ectopic hyperparathyroidism from patients with concomitant primary hyperparathyroidism. Vitamin D-like sterols produced by breast cancer seldom reach plasma levels necessary for physiological effects. Members of the prostaglandin family have been proposed to induce hypercalcemia through osteoclast activation or alteration of the immune system and also to affect the frequency of bone metastases. At present, no direct evidence is available to prove a direct role for these effects and prostaglandins are most useful as possible indicators of disease activity.

5. DOCID:6021 SCORE: 0.0029678738446963
DOCNO: 582619
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: biosynthesis
AUTHOR: S Bogoch S
AUTHOR: E S Bogoch ES
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Neurochemical research.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Production of two recognins related to malignin: recognin M from mammary MCF-7 carcinoma cells and recognin L from lymphoma P3G cells.
PUBDATE: 19790801
From the first two non-brain cancer cell types examined, mammary cancer cells (MCF-7) and lymphoma cells (P3G), two new acidic polypeptides of approximately 10,000 M.W. each have been produced, called recognin M and recognin L, respectively. These are very closely related in amino acid composition and in immunological reactions to the first two cancer recognins, astrocytin from human gliomas in vivo and malignin from malignant glial cells grown in vivo. Together with earlier findings, these observations suggest that the cancer polypeptide recognins may be produced from members of a closely related family of substances characteristic of malignant cells.

6. DOCID:7714 SCORE: 0.00295005430420129
DOCNO: 6967256
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Haemophilus Infections
DESCRIPTOR: Pneumococcal Infections
QUALIFIER: etiology
AUTHOR: G R Siber GR
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: American journal of diseases of children (1960)
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Bacteremias due to Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae: their occurrence and course in children with cancer.
PUBDATE: 19800701
Nine Haemophilus influenzae and 24 Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteremias occurring in children with cancer during the years 1968 to 1977 were reviewed. The number of bacteremias due to these organisms remained relatively constant, in contrast with a sharp decrease in bacteremias caused by other organisms during this period. The highest incidence of bacteremia occurred in patients with acute leukemias and the lowest incidence in patients with solid tumors. Twenty-seven of 33 episodes occurred while patients were receiving chemotherapy. Nine bacteremias were fatal, but concurrent or superinfections contributed to death in six of these. Children with cancer who are receiving chemotherapy seem to be at higher risk of bacteremia and meningitis due to H influenzae and Strep pneumoniae than are normal children. New approaches to the prevention of these infections, such as the use of bacterial polysaccharide vaccines, deserve investigation.

7. DOCID:7955 SCORE: 0.00270518578177941
DOCNO: 7396087
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: surgery
QUALIFIER: surgery
AUTHOR: W L Verlenden WL
AUTHOR: C F Frey CF
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: American journal of surgery.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Management of liver abscess.
PUBDATE: 19800701
Thirteen patients with amebic liver abscess and 26 with pyogenic abscess were identified during a 10 year period. All but one patient with an amebic abscess had emigrated or traveled to areas where amebiasis was endemic. Half of the patients in whom pyogenic abscesses developed had debilitating disease and anemia. Factors predisposing to multiple rather than solitary hepatic abscess were biliary tract disease before surgery, cancer, chemotherapy, steroid administration and alcoholism. Elevated levels of alkaline phosphatase and hypoalbuminemia were present in most patients. Three patients with amebic abscess died, two of whom has massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage from associated amebic colitis. No patient with a solitary pyogenic liver abscess died. Fifteen of 16 patients with multiple liver abscesses died. Failure to consider the diagnosis of liver abscess, confusion over interpretation of the scan, failure to operate or provide a timely operation and failure to adequately explore the abdomen or identify all abscesses were factors responsible for eight unnecessary deaths.

8. DOCID:6624 SCORE: 0.0026776941721168
DOCNO: 7302888
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: analysis
QUALIFIER: blood
AUTHOR: H Honegger H
AUTHOR: N Anderson N
AUTHOR: L A Hewitt LA
AUTHOR: J L Tullis JL
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Thrombosis and haemostasis.
COUNTRY: GERMANY, WEST
TITLE: Antithrombin III profiles in malignancy, relationship primary tumors and metastatic sites.
PUBDATE: 19810801
Variations of antithrombin III were studied in a non-randomized population of consecutive cancer cases admitted to a referral hospital. Differences between functional and immunologic assay were observed. Decreases were observed in both assays when compared to a population of hospitalized controls. Patients with cancer of the colon, ovary and prostate showed a deficiency of antithrombin III more frequently than other common tumors. When all tumor cases were subdivided into those in remission compared to those with metastases, a significant decrease in antithrombin III also could be shown. Metastases to the liver were strikingly common in cancer patients with decreased antithrombin III. In these patients, the decrease in antithrombin III could be statistically correlated with reduction in serum albumin.

9. DOCID:6309 SCORE: 0.00267745225489333
DOCNO: 7022293
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Gastrectomy
QUALIFIER: surgery
QUALIFIER: surgery
AUTHOR: H J Meyer HJ
AUTHOR: H Huchzermeyer H
AUTHOR: H Ostertag H
AUTHOR: V Diehl V
AUTHOR: E Hassenstein E
AUTHOR: R Pichlmayr R
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Onkologie.
COUNTRY: SWITZERLAND
TITLE: [Indication and treatment with surgical therapy in primary non-epithelial cancers of the stomach]
PUBDATE: 19810601
The importance of surgical treatment in non-epithelial, primary malignant tumors of the stomach was investigated retrospectively in 27 cases. 85.2% of these tumors were non-Hodgkin lymphomas, 14.8% were leiomyosarcomas and Hodgkin's disease. There were no typical symptoms; those present resembled the symptoms of carcinomas and peptic ulcers. Most patients showed symptoms on average 6 months prior to diagnosis. Histocytological studies of endoscopic biopsies enabled a correct diagnosis to be made preoperatively in up to 75% of cases. The postoperative mortality was 14.8%; the 5-year survival rate was 56.2%. Thus the prognosis is significantly better than that of advanced cancer of the stomach.

10. DOCID:5772 SCORE: 0.0024763851966706
DOCNO: 299502
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: surgery
QUALIFIER: surgery
QUALIFIER: surgery
AUTHOR: W B Fleming WB
AUTHOR: T M Long TM
AUTHOR: R C Kerr RC
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: The Australian and New Zealand journal of surgery.
COUNTRY: AUSTRALIA
TITLE: The management of squamous cell cancer of the mouth and throat.
PUBDATE: 19781201
Until chemotherapy is proved more effective in the initial management of squamous cell cancer of the mouth and throat, radiation and surgery will remain the principal treatment modalities. This paper documents a treatment selection process which is used in the Head and Neck Clinic of the Peter MacCallum Hospital. Anatomical resectability, potential of control by radiation, disability and deformity produced by surgery, presence of metastases, psychological factors, and concurrent disease, as well as tumour behaviour, are all factors which influence the choice of radiation or surgery, alone, or in combination, in the treatment of each patient.

11. DOCID:7332 SCORE: 0.00241591696399855
DOCNO: 760018
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: ultrastructure
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: metabolism
QUALIFIER: ultrastructure
QUALIFIER: metabolism
AUTHOR: J A Holt JA
AUTHOR: T A Caputo TA
AUTHOR: K M Kelly KM
AUTHOR: P Greenwald P
AUTHOR: S Chorost S
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Obstetrics and gynecology.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Estrogen and progestin binding in cytosols of ovarian adenocarcinomas.
PUBDATE: 19790101
Because a few ovarian adenocarcinomas respond favorably to endocrine therapy, we tested the hypothesis that some ovarian adenocarcinomas have functional similarity with sex-hormone-sensitive endometrial and breast tumors. Cytosols from 23 ovarian adenocarcinomas and 27 control tissues were examined for receptorlike estrogen and/or progestin binding. Eight of 16 primary ovarian adenocarcinomas had estrogen and/or progestin receptorlike components; among the metastases tested, one third retained estrogen binding. No correlations were found between binding characteristics and histopathologic grade. The presence of estrogen binding in a lung lesion helped confirm recurrent ovarian disease. Estrogen binding occurred in specimens from women with no histories of exposure to exogenous estrogen. Because tamoxifen and nafoxidine could inhibit estradiol binding, it is likely that antiestrogens will prove beneficial against some ovarian cancers.

12. DOCID:7727 SCORE: 0.00238263003450232
DOCNO: 453245
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: blood
QUALIFIER: blood
AUTHOR: W E Lucas WE
AUTHOR: S S Yen SS
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: American journal of obstetrics and gynecology.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: A study of endocrine and metabolic variables in postmenopausal women with endometrial carcinoma.
PUBDATE: 19790501
Although an underlying endocrine-metabolic disorder has been implicated as causally related to the development of endometrial carcinoma, data to support such an association are ambiguous and/or contradictory. In this prospective study of 16 consecutive nonobese postmenopausal women with endometrial carcinoma and 16 cancer-free postmenopausal women matched for age and weight, fasting values for growth hormone (GH), insulin, prolactin, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estrone (E1), and estradiol (E2) were measured on 3 consecutive days. Intravenous glucose tolerance, pituitary GH release in response to arginine infusion, hyperglycemia, and hypoglycemia, and insulin secretion in response to arginine infusion and to hyperglycemia were analyzed. Our data show that these endocrine-metabolic profiles were not significantly different between the cancer patients and control subjects, suggesting that the postmenopausal women with endometrial cancer who is not obese exhibits no accountable endocrine or metabolic disorders.

13. DOCID:7585 SCORE: 0.00237462091862849
DOCNO: 501886
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
DESCRIPTOR: Insurance, Health
DESCRIPTOR: Insurance, Surgical
QUALIFIER: surgery
QUALIFIER: economics
AUTHOR: R V Dowden RV
AUTHOR: J B McCraw JB
AUTHOR: D G Dibbell DG
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: The breast reconstruction patient and her health insurance carrier.
PUBDATE: 19791201
To determine policies of health insurance companies regarding payment for breast reconstruction following mastectomy, we polled 50 companies selected at random, as well as every Blue Cross-Blue Shield company. To verify that insurance carriers' replies represented their practices, we polled 96 plastic and reconstructive surgeons in 47 states. Although most health insurance carriers claim to fully cover breast reconstruction following mastectomy for cancer, practices vary widely; many postmastectomy patients receive incomplete or no coverage for reconstruction. Two major reasons for discrepancies appear to be (1) inadequate coverage prompted by unrealistic conception of reconstruction on the part of carriers and (2) specific contractual exclusion. We suggest (1) educating lay and professional persons about breast reconstruction, (2) encouraging more realistic coverage from insurance companies, and (3) if necessary, legislative protection for the postmastectomy patient.

14. DOCID:7423 SCORE: 0.00224687857745798
DOCNO: 454059
OWNER: NLM
STATUS: MEDLINE
QUALIFIER: epidemiology
QUALIFIER: etiology
QUALIFIER: complications
AUTHOR: H Jick H
AUTHOR: J Porter J
AUTHOR: A S Morrison AS
AUTHOR: K J Rothman KJ
PUBTYPE: Journal Article
JOURNALTITLE: Archives of internal medicine.
COUNTRY: UNITED STATES
TITLE: Lung cancer in young women.
PUBDATE: 19790701
A comparison was made between cigarette smoking histories of 31 women below age 50 years who had a diagnosis of lung cancer on hospital discharge and smoking histories of 124 women below age 50 years who had been hospitalized for other conditions. Of the women with lung cancer, 28 (90%) were current or former cigarette smokers; 72 (58%) of the comparison women were smokers. The relative risk estimate for lung cancer among smokers as compared with nonsmokers is 6.7, with 90% confidence limits of 4.0 and 11. Risk of lung cancer increased with the amount that the women smoked. The smokers with lung cancer had been smoking for longer periods than the smokers with other conditions. Assuming that the association is causal, cigarette smoking was responsible for about 77% of the lung cancer of young women in this survey.