Before coming to LTI, as a Master's student in LITS (State Key Lab of Intelligent Technologies and System, to be the AI National Lab), Tsinghua, I worked on novelty detection, language modeling for information retrieval, term dependency models of retrieval, large scale text retrieval (half terabyte) etc.. My Master's thesis advisor at Tsinghua was Prof. Shaoping Ma. My thesis was awarded Outstanding thesis award. I completed my bachelor's degree (1999 to 2003), also at the department of computer science and technology, Tsinghua University. Back at that time, I already took an interest in natural language and intelligence which later grew into an interest in natural language related research.