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Decision-rules and Unsafe Links

The fact that Cassandra allows decision-rules that do not fully differentiate between outcomes of an uncertainty raises a somewhat subtle issue. Consider the partial plan for opening a locked door shown in Figure 12. The action of kicking a door has, let us say, two possible outcomes, one in which the lock is broken and one in which the agent's foot is broken. A plan for the contingency in which the lock is broken is simply to open the door. A plan for the alternative contingency is to pick the lock and then open the door.


Figure 12: Opening a door

Since the second plan does not depend causally on any outcome of the uncertainty (the agent's foot does not have to be broken in order for it to pick the lock and open the door), the decision-rules based on the above discussion would be:

Notice that in this case the pick action depends on the lock being intact, while the kick action may have the effect that the lock is no longer intact. In other words, the kick action potentially clobbers the precondition of pick. However, the planner can arguably ignore this clobbering, because the two actions belong to different contingencies. This is valid, though, only if the structure of the decision-rules guarantees that the agent will not choose to execute the contingency involving pick when the outcome of kick is that the lock is broken. The decision-rules above clearly do not enforce this. The solution in such a case is to augment the decision-rule for the contingency in which the lock is not broken to test whether the lock is in fact intact. This results in the following decision-rules (the plan is shown in Section A.7):

Cassandra augments decision-rules in this way whenever a direct effect of an uncertainty could clobber a link in a different contingency.



next up previous
Next: A Contingency Planning Up: Decision-steps Previous: How Cassandra Constructs Decision-rules



Louise Pryor <louisep@aisb.ed.ac.uk>;
Last modified: Mon Mar 18 17:24:42 1996