Newsgroups: comp.speech
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From: mjackson@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu (Michel T Jackson)
Subject: Re: Vocal Tract Data During Vowel Production
Message-ID: <1992Oct15.193559.16948@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu>
Summary: various souces
Keywords: vowel x-rays
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References: <1asfdqINNg0v@wugate.wustl.edu> <1466@wakasato.cs.shinshu-u.ac.jp>
Date: Thu, 15 Oct 1992 19:35:59 GMT
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There are a number of sources, some good, some not so good.

A lot of work has been done on midsagittal dimension-to-cross-sectional area 
functions.  Try Sidney Wood's dissertation from the University of Lund (Working
Papers in Lingusitics 23 (1982) "X-Ray and Model Studies of Vowel 
Articulation", pp. 1-192).  Wood has also published in journals like J. Acoust.
Soc. Am. (Wood, S. 1986. "The acoustical significance of tongue, lip, and 
larynx maneuvers in rounded palatal vowels", J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 80 (2), 
391-401.)

For a source of raw data, consider Bothorel, A., Simon, P., Wioland, F., & 
Zerling, J.-P. 1986. Cineradiographie des Voyelles et Consonnes du Francais 
(Travaux de l'Institut de Phonetique de Strasbourg). Strasbourg: Universite des
Sciences Humaines de Strasbourg.  This book contains numerous sagittal-plane 
x-rays of four speakers of French, and LPC spectra with formant frequencies and
bandwidths derived from the same tabulated.

There is little recent work of this sort in this country, because of health 
regulations - the x-ray dose for this kind of work is pretty high.  However, a 
good set of x-rays of American English vowels was made by J. de Clerk (sp?) and
the data (including format frequencies) were later analyzed in Harshman, R., 
Ladefoged, P., & Goldstein, L. (1977) "Factor analysis of tongue shapes", J. 
Acoust. Soc. Am. 62, 693-707. and Ladefoged, P., Harshman, R., Goldstein, L. & 
Rice, L. (1978) "Generating vocal tract shapes from formant frequencies", J. 
Acoust. Soc. Am. 64(4), 1027-1035.
