Date: 25 Jul 90 10:10:21-PST
From: Vision-List moderator Phil Kahn <Vision-List-Request@ADS.COM>
Errors-to: Vision-List-Request@ADS.COM
Reply-to: Vision-List@ADS.COM
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To: Vision-List@ADS.COM

Vision-List Digest	Wed Jul 25 10:10:21 PDT 90

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Today's Topics:

 vision book list: addendum
 Camera Mount
 Anybody working in visualization in Israel?
 IJPRAI CALL FOR PAPERS
 (Summary) Re: Character Recognition Bibliography?

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date: Thu, 19 Jul 90 15:42:52 +0200
From: ronse@prlb.philips.be
Subject: vision book list: addendum

I received a few more suggestions of important books on vision since I
sent my summary to the list. Here they are:

M.A. Fischler & O. Firschein: "Readings in Computer Vision: Issues,
Problems, Principles, and Paradigms", Morgan Kaufmann, Los Altos, CA,
1987.

A.P. Pentland: "From Pixels to Predicates", Ablex Publ. Corp., Norwood,
NJ, (1986).

Blake & Zisserman: "Visual Reconstruction"

Besl: "Range image Understanding"

Someone also suggested a special issue from a serial journal:

"Artificial Intelligence", special isue on Computer Vision, Vol. 17
(1981).

Christian Ronse

Internet:			ronse@prlb.philips.be
BITNET:				ronse%prlb.philips.be@cernvax

------------------------------

Date: Tue, 17 Jul 90 17:34 PDT
From: H. Keith Nishihara <hkn@natasha.ads.com>
Subject: Camera Mount
Phone: (415)328-8886
Us-Mail: Teleos Research, 576 Middlefield Road, Palo Alto, CA 94301

    Date: Sun,  8 Jul 90 12:38:29 -0400 (EDT)
    From: "Ethan Z. Evans" <ee0i+@andrew.cmu.edu>

    Vision Wizards:
	    I need to find a 2 degree of freedom camera mount (rotation and pitch).
     The mobile platform I work on is only about a foot tall, and the top is
    cluttered with various hardware etc.  Thus to give the robot a view of
    its world, we need to set the camera up on a pole.  Once its up their it
    needs to be able to turn around and either look down at what the arm is
    doing, or out at where the base is going.  Point is, I don't have the
    slightest idea where to look for such a device.  If anyone could give me
    a starting point as to where to get such a mount, especially one easily
    controlled through a PC parallel or serial port, I would be most
    greatful.
	
    Thanks in advance,
	    Ethan Evans
	    ee0i@andrew.cmu.edu

    [ Please post responses to the List
		    phil...	]


We are in the process of developing a small two axis camera mount as
part of a third generation video-rate sign-correlation stereo and motion
system that we are building this summer at Teleos Research.

The camera mount has the following approximate specs:

Pan range:     infinite (or till your camera wires break)
Pitch range:   -90 to 90 degrees
Accuracy:      11 min of arc 
Height:        21 cm
Diameter:      9.7 cm
Weight:        0.68 kg

Controller boards (for the IBM PC, VME, STD, and Multibus) are available for
operating the pan-pitch head in absolute position mode, incremental position
mode, or velocity mode.  We plan to use this device to hold a stereo camera
fixture that also provides vergence control for binocular stereo work.

We have not thought about making this device commercially available but that
is a possibility.  If interested contact Jeff Kerr or myself at Teleos
Research.

Keith

------------------------------

Subject: Anybody working in visualization in Israel?
Date: Wed, 18 Jul 90 13:01:51 -0400
From: haim@hawk.ulowell.edu

Hi,
I'm trying to establish contact with researchers in the visualization
field who work in Israel.
If you are, or you know somebody who is, I'd appreciate you sending me
a message (please send me a presonal message, even if you are also
posting it on this list).
Thanks,
Haim Levkowitz
Institute for Visualization and Perception Research
University of Lowell
Lowell, MA 01854
508-934-3654

------------------------------

Date: Sun, 22 Jul 90 15:27:59 PDT
From: skrzypek@CS.UCLA.EDU (Dr. Josef Skrzypek)
Subject: IJPRAI CALL FOR PAPERS

	    IJPRAI	 CALL FOR PAPERS	 IJPRAI

We are  organizing a  special  issue of  IJPRAI (Intl.   Journal of
Pattern Recognition  and Artificial Intelligence)  dedicated to the
subject   of neural networks in  vision   and pattern  recognition.
Papers  will be  refereed.  The  plan  calls for  the  issue  to be
published  in the fall of   1991.   I  would  like  to invite  your
participation.

   DEADLINE FOR SUBMISSION: 10th of December, 1990

   VOLUME TITLE: Neural Networks in Vision and Pattern Recognition

   VOLUME GUEST EDITORS: Prof. Josef Skrzypek and Prof. Walter Karplus
   Department of Computer Science, 3532 BH
   UCLA
   Los Angeles CA 90024-1596
   Email: skrzypek@cs.ucla.edu or karplus@cs.ucla.edu
   Tel: (213) 825 2381
   Fax: (213) UCLA CSD

		      DESCRIPTION

The capabilities    of   neural    architectures   (supervised  and
unsupervised learning,   feature  detection and   analysis  through
approximate pattern matching, categorization and self-organization,
adaptation, soft constraints,  and signal based processing) suggest
new approaches to solving problems in vision, image  processing and
pattern recognition as applied to  visual stimuli.  The purpose  of
this special issue  is to encourage further  work and discussion in
this area.

The  volume will  include both invited  and submitted peer-reviewed
articles.  We are seeking submissions  from researchers in relevant
fields,   including,  natural  and  artificial vision,   scientific
computing,  artificial  intelligence, psychology, image  processing
and pattern recognition.  "We  encourage submission of: 1) detailed
presentations of  models   or  supporting  mechanisms,   2)  formal
theoretical analyses, 3)  empirical and methodological studies.  4)
critical  reviews   of neural  networks   applicability to  various
subfields of vision, image processing and pattern recognition.

Submitted    papers may  be    enthusiastic   or  critical  on  the
applicability   of  neural   networks  to   processing   of  visual
information.   The  IJPRAI   journal   would  like    to  encourage
submissions    from  both  , researchers  engaged   in analysis  of
biological      systems         such            as         modeling
psychological/neurophysiological data using neural networks as well
as from members of  the engineering  community who are synthesizing
neural network  models.  The number of  papers that can be included
in this special issue  will be limited.  Therefore,  some qualified
papers may be encouraged  for submission to  the regular issues  of
IJPRAI.

		       SUBMISSION PROCEDURE

Submissions should  be sent to  Josef Skrzypek, by 12-10-1990.  The
suggested length is  20-22 double-spaced  pages  including figures,
references,  abstract and  so  on. Format  details, etc.  will   be
supplied on request.

Authors  are strongly  encouraged  to  discuss  ideas  for possible
submissions with the editors.

The  Journal   is  published  by   the  World   Scientific and  was
established in 1986.

Thank you for your considerations.

------------------------------

From: atul k chhabra <Atul.Chhabra@UC.EDU>
Subject: (Summary) Re: Character Recognition Bibliography?
Date: Sat, 21 Jul 90 14:08:04 EDT

Here is a summary of what I received in response to my request for references
on character recognition. I had asked for references in all aspects of 
character recognition -- preprocessing and segmentation, OCR, typewritten
character recognition, handwritten character recognition, neural network based
recognition, statistical and syntactic recognition, hardware implementations,
and commercial character recognition systems. THANKS TO ALL WHO RESPONDED.

IF ANYONE OUT THERE HAS MORE REFERENCES, PLEASE EMAIL ME. I WILL SUMMARIZE NEW
RESPONSES AFTER ANOTHER TWO WEEKS. THANKS.

Atul Chhabra
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering
University of Cincinnati, ML 030
Cincinnati, OH 45221-0030

Phone: (513)556-6297
Email: achhabra@uceng.uc.edu


***************
From: Sol <sol@iai.es>

    Sol Delgado 
    Instituto de Automatica Industial
    La Poveda   Arganda del Rey
    28500 MADRID
    SPAIN

    sol@iai.es

[ 1]_ Off-Line cursive script word recognition
      Radmilo M. Bozinovic, Sargur N. Srihari
      IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence.
      Vol. 11, January 1989. 


[ 2]_ Visual recognition of script characters. Neural networt architectures.
      Jodef Skrzypek, Jeff Hoffman.
      MPL (Machine Perception Lab). Nov 1989.


[ 3]_ On recognition of printed characters of any font and size.
      Simon Kahan, Theo Pavlidis, Henry S. Baird.
      IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence
      Vol PAMI_9, No 2, March 1987.


[ 4]_ Research on machine recognition of handprinted characters.
      Shunji Mori, Kazuhiko Yamamoto, Michio Yasuda.
      IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence.
      Vol PAMI_6, No 4. July 1984.


[ 5]_ A pattern description and generation method of structural 
      characters
      Hiroshi nagahashi, Mikio Nakatsuyama.
      IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence
      Vol PAMI_8, No 1, January 1986.


[ 6]_ An on-line procedure for recognition of handprinted alphanumeric        
      characters.
      W. W. Loy, I. D. Landau.
      IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence.
      Vol PAMI_4, No 4, July 1982.


[ 7]_ A string correction algorithm for cursive script recognition.
      Radmilo Bozinovic, Sargur N. Srihari.
      IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine inteligence.
      Vol PAMI_4, No 6, November 1982.


[ 8]_ Analisys and design of a decision tree based on entropy reduction      
      and its application to large character set recognition
      Qing Ren Wang, Ching Y. Suen.
      IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence.
      Vol PAMI_6, No 4, July 1984.


[ 9]_ A method for selecting constrained hand-printed character shapes 
      for machine recognition
      Rajjan Shinghal, Ching Y. Suen
      IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence.
      Vol PAMI_4, No 1, January 1982


[10]_ Pixel classification based on gray level and local "busyness"
      Philip A. Dondes, Azriel Rosenfeld.
      IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence.
      Vol PAMI_4, No 1, January 1982.


[11]_ Experiments in the contextual recognition of cursive script
      Roger W. Ehrich, Kenneth J. Koehler
      IEEE transactions on computers, vol c-24, No. 2, February 1975.


[12]_ Character recognition by computer and applications.
      Ching Y. Suen.
      Handbook of pattern recognition and image procesing. 
      ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. August 1988.

[13]_ A robust algorithm for text string separation from mixed             
      text/graphics images      
      Lloyd Alan Fletcher, Rangachar Kasturi
      IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence.
      Vol 10, No 6, November 1988.


[14]_ Segmentation of document images.
      Torfinn Taxt, Patrick J. Flynn, Anil K. Jain
      IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence.
      Vol 11, No 12, december 1989.

[15]_ Experiments in text recognition with Binary n_Gram and Viterbi       
      algorithms.
      Jonathan J. Hull, Sargur N. Srihari
      IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence
      Vol PAMI-4, No 5, september 1982.


[16]- Designing a handwriting reader.
      D. J. Burr
      IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence
      Vol PAMI-5, No 5, september 1983.


[17]_ Experiments on neural net recognition of spoken and written text 
      David J. Burr
      IEEE transactions on acoustics, speech and signals processing 
      vol 36, No 7, july 1988


[18]_ Experimets with a connectionist text reader       
      D. J. Burr
      Bell communications research
      Morristow, N. J. 07960


[19]_ An Algorithm for finding a common structure shared by a family of     
      strings   
      Anne M. Landraud, Jean-Francois Avril, Philippe Chretienne.
      IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence
      Vol 11, No 8, august 1989


[20]_ Word_level recognition of cursive script
      Raouf F. H. Farag
      IEEE transactions on computers
      Vol C-28, No 2, february 1979


[21]_ Pattern Classification by neural network: an experimental system       
      for icon recognition
      Eric Gullichsen, Ernest Chang
      Marzo, 1987


[22]_ Recognition of handwritten chinese characters by modified hough        
      transform techniques.
      Fang-Hsuan Cheng, Wen-Hsing Hsu, Mei-Ying Chen
      IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence
      Vol 11, No 4, April 1989


[23]_ Inheret bias and noise in the Hough transform
      Christopher M. Brown
      IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence
      Vol PAMI-5, No 5, september 1983.


[24]_ From pixels to features
      J. C. Simon
      North-Holland
      	_ Feature selection and Language syntax in text recognition.
      	  J.J. Hull

      	_ Feature extraction for locating address blocks on mail pieces.
      	  S.N. Srihari.
      


[25]_ A model for variability effects in hand-printing, with implications 
      for the design of on line character recognition systems.
      J.R. Ward and T. Kuklinski.
      IEEE transactions on systems, man and cybernetics.
      Vol 18, No 3, May/June 1988.
     

[26]_ Selection of a neural network system for visual inspection.
      Paul J. Stomski, Jr and Adel S. Elmaghraby
      Engineering Mathematics And Computer Science
      University of Louisville, Kentucky 40292


[27]_ Self-organizing model for pattern learning and its application to 
      robot eyesight.
      Hisashi Suzuki, Suguru Arimoto.
      Proceedings of the fourth conference on A.I.
      san Diego, March 1988.
      The computer society of the IEEE.

***************

From: J. Whiteley <WHITELEY-J@OSU-20.IRCC.OHIO-STATE.EDU>

I only have five references I can offer, all are from the Proceedings of the
1989 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks held in Washington D.C.

Yamada, K.
Kami, H.
Tsukumo, J.
Temma, T.
Handwritten Numeral Recognition by Multi-layered Neural Network
with Improved Learning Algorithm
Volume II, pp. 259-266

Morasso, P.
Neural Models of Cursive Script Handwriting
Volume II, pp.539-542

Guyon, I.
Poujaud, I.
Personnaz, L.
Dreyfus, G.
Comparing Different Neural Network Architectures for Classifying
Handwritten Digits
Volume II, pp.127-132

Weideman, W.E.
A Comparison of a Nearest Neighbor Classifier and a Neural Network for
Numeric Handprint Character Recognition
Volume I, pp.117-120

Barnard, E.
Casasent, D.
Image Processing for Image Understanding with Neural Nets
Volume I, pp.111-115

Hopefully you are being deluged with references.

  Rob Whiteley
  Dept. of Chemical Engineering
  Ohio State University
  email:  whiteley-j@osu-20.ircc.ohio-state.edu

***********

From: avi@dgp.toronto.edu (Avi Naiman)

%L Baird 86
%A H. S. Baird
%T Feature Identification for Hybrid Structural/Statistical Pattern Classification
%R Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
%D June 1986
%P 150-155

%L Casey and Jih 83
%A R. G. Casey
%A C. R. Jih
%T A Processor-Based OCR System
%J IBM Journal of Research and Development
%V 27
%N 4
%D July 1983
%P 386-399

%L Cash and Hatamian 87
%A G. L. Cash
%A M. Hatamian
%T Optical Character Recognition by the Method of Moments
%J Computer Vision, Graphics and Image Processing
%V 39
%N 3
%D September 1987
%P 291-310

%L Chanda et al. 84
%A B. Chanda
%A B. B. Chaudhuri
%A D. Dutta Majumder
%T Some Algorithms for Image Enhancement Incorporating Human Visual Response
%J Pattern Recognition
%V 17
%D 1984
%P 423-428

%L Cox et al. 74
%A C. Cox
%A B. Blesser
%A M. Eden
%T The Application of Type Font Analysis to Automatic Character Recognition
%J Proceedings of the Second International Joint Conference on Pattern Recognition
%D 1974
%P 226-232

%L Frutiger 67
%A Adrian Frutiger
%T OCR-B: A Standardized Character for Optical Recognition
%J Journal of Typographic Research
%V 1
%N 2
%D April 1967
%P 137-146

%L Goclawska 88
%A Goclawska
%T Method of Description of the Alphanumeric Printed Characters by Signatures for Automatic Text Readers
%J AMSE Review
%V 7
%N 2
%D 1988
%P 31-34

%L Gonzalez 87
%A Gonzalez
%T Designing Balance into an OCR System
%J Photonics Spectra
%V 21
%N 9
%D September 1987
%P 113-116

%L GSA 84
%A General Services Administration
%T Technology Assessment Report: Speech and Pattern Recognition; Optical Character Recognition; Digital Raster Scanning
%I National Archives and Records Service
%C Washington, District of Columbia
%D October 1984

%L Hull et al. 84
%A J. J. Hull
%A G. Krishnan
%A P. W. Palumbo
%A S. N. Srihari
%T Optical Character Recognition Techniques in Mail Sorting: A Review of Algorithms
%R 214
%I SUNY Buffalo Computer Science
%D June 1984

%L IBM 86
%A IBM
%T Character Recognition Apparatus
%J IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin
%V 28
%N 9
%D February 1986
%P 3990-3993

%L Kahan et al. 87
%A A. Kahan
%A Theo Pavlidis
%A H. S. Baird
%T On the Recognition of Printed Characters of any Font and Size
%J IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
%V PAMI-9
%N 2
%D March 1987
%P 274-288

%L Lam and Baird 86
%A S. W. Lam
%A H. S. Baird
%T Performance Testing of Mixed-Font, Variable-Size Character Recognizers
%R AT&T Bell Laboratories Computing Science Technical Report No. 126
%C Murray Hill, New Jersey
%D November 1986

%L Lashas et al. 85
%A A. Lashas
%A R. Shurna
%A A. Verikas
%A A. Dosimas
%T Optical Character Recognition Based on Analog Preprocessing and Automatic Feature Extraction
%J Computer Vision, Graphics and Image Processing
%V 32
%N 2
%D November 1985
%P 191-207

%L Mantas 86
%A J. Mantas
%T An Overview of Character Recognition Methodologies
%J Pattern Recognition
%V 19
%N 6
%D 1986
%P 425-430

%L Murphy 74
%A Janet Murphy
%T OCR: Optical Character Recognition
%C Hatfield
%I Hertis
%D 1974

%L Nagy 82
%A G. Nagy
%T Optical Character Recognition \(em Theory and Practice
%B Handbook of Statistics
%E P. R. Krishnaiah and L. N. Kanal
%V 2
%I North-Holland
%C Amsterdam
%D 1982
%P 621-649

%L Pavlidis 86
%A Theo Pavlidis
%T A Vectorizer and Feature Extractor for Document Recognition
%J Computer Vision, Graphics and Image Processing
%V 35
%N 1
%D July 1986
%P 111-127

%L Piegorsch et al. 84
%A W. Piegorsch
%A H. Stark
%A M. Farahani
%T Application of Image Correlation for Optical Character Recognition in Printed Circuit Board Inspection
%R Proceedings of SPIE \(em The International Society for Optical Engineering: Applications of Digital Image Processing VII
%V 504
%D 1984
%P 367-378

%L Rutovitz 68
%A D. Rutovitz
%T Data Structures for Operations on Digital Images
%B Pictorial Pattern Recognition
%E G. C. Cheng et al.
%I Thompson Book Co.
%C Washington, D. C.
%D 1968
%P 105-133

%L Smith and Merali 85
%A J. W. T. Smith
%A Z. Merali
%T Optical Character Recognition: The Technology and its Application in Information Units and Libraries
%R Library and Information Research Report 33
%I The British Library
%D 1985

%L Suen 86
%A C. Y. Suen
%T Character Recognition by Computer and Applications
%B Handbook of Pattern Recognition and Image Processing
%D 1986
%P 569-586

%L Wang 85
%A P. S. P. Wang
%T A New Character Recognition Scheme with Lower Ambiguity and Higher Recognizability
%J Pattern Recognition Letters
%V 3
%D 1985
%P 431-436

%L White and Rohrer 83
%A J.M. White
%A G.D. Rohrer
%T Image Thresholding for Optical Character Recognition and Other Applications Requiring Character Image Extraction
%J IBM Journal of Research and Development
%V 27
%N 4
%D July 1983
%P 400-411

%L Winzer 75
%A Gerhard Winzer
%T Character Recognition With a Coherent Optical Multichannel Correlator
%J IEEE Transactions on Computers
%V C-24
%N 4
%D April 1975
%P 419-423

***************

From: nad@computer-lab.cambridge.ac.uk

Hi, 
  I've only got two references for you - but they have 42 and 69 references,
respectively (some of the refs will be the same, but you get at least 69
references!).

They are:

"An overview of character recognition methodologies"
J. Mantas
Pattern Recognition, Volume 19, Number 6, 1986
pages 425-430

"Methodologies in pattern recognition and image analysis - a brief survey"
J. Mantas
Pattern Recognition, Volume 20, Number 1, 1987
pages 1-6

Neil Dodgson

*************

From: YAEGER.L@AppleLink.Apple.COM

I presume you know of "The 1989 Neuro-Computing Bibliography" edited by Casimir
C. Klimasauskas, a Bradford Book, from MIT Press.  It lists 11 references for
character recognition in its index.
 
- larryy@apple.com
 
***********

From: Tetsu Fujisaki <TETSU@IBM.COM>

1. Suen, C. Y., Berthod, M., and Mori, S.,
   "Automatic Recognition of Handprinted Characters - The State
    of the Art", Proc. IEEE, 68, 4 (April 1980) 469-487

2. Tappert, C. C., Suen, C. Y., and Wakahara T,
   "The State-of-the-Art in on-line handwriting recognition",
    IEEE Proc. 9th Int'l Conf. on Pattern Recognition, Rome Italy,
    Nov. 1988. Also in IBM RC 14045.

***********

From: burrow@grad1.cis.upenn.edu (Tom Burrow)

Apparently, the state of the art in connectionism, as a lot of people
will tell you, I'm sure, is Y. Le Cun et al's work which can be found
in NIPS 90.  Other significant connectionist approaches are
Fukushima's neocognitron and Denker et al's work which I *believe* is
in NIPS 88.

I am interested in handprinted character recognition.  Type set
character recognition is basically solved, and I believe you shouldn't
have any trouble locating texts on this (although I've only looked at
the text edited by Kovalevsky (sp?), which I believe is just entitled
"Reading Machines".  Bayesian classifiers, which you can read about in
any statistical pattern recognition text (eg, Duda and Hart, Gonzalez,
etc), are capable of performing recognition, since one can choose
reliable features present in machine printed text (eg, moments,
projections, etc), and the segmentation problem is fairly trivial).

Perhaps the greatest problem in handprinted recognition is the
segmentation problem.  Unfortunately, most connectionist approaches
fail miserably in this respect, relying on traditional methods for
segmentation which become a bottleneck.  I am inspecting connectionist
methods which perform segmentation and recognition concurrently, and I
recommend you do not inspect the problems independently.

I am by no means expert in any area which I've commented on, but I
hope this helps.  Also, again, please send me your compiled responses.
Thank you and good luck.

Tom Burrow

------------------------------

End of VISION-LIST
********************
