Ukrainian Prime Minister Yanukovych announced in October 30 , the president when answering a reporter in 2017 , the Russian Black Sea Fleet is still possible continued presence the Crimean peninsula , sparked controversy , Defense Minister Gesher Stetski claimed that the corresponding decision be made by leaders of the future . October 30 , which was presided over by Prime Minister Yanukovych government meeting to discuss the legal policy and defense issues , international cooperation and European integration . In the subsequent press conference here , the Queen Vic Khamnuan , stressed on the issue of Russian Black Sea Fleet in the Russian natural gas prices and an agreement on leasing the Crimean peninsula the cost of no contact , he said : " we will no matter what these issues together , we have state property leasing cost calculation methods , and natural gas prices are calculated according to an independent . Some politicians may want to lead a question that could cause people to the area . Government has never would not participate in a conspiracy to commit the act . " In response to a question whether it is possible to extend the deadline for the presence in Crimea on the Korean Peninsula issue , the Queen Vic replied : " of course . We will continue to adhere to the national interests . " Chinanews , 1 November , the " Legislative Yuan " high ( 1 ) and " demonstrating the " book to the United States for the American Institute in Taiwan ( AIIT ) and the " Ministry of Foreign Affairs protests , demanding that Taipei Office Stephen AIT citing the arms purchase bill that an apology , but also for the " Ministry of Foreign Affairs Stephen will be expelled from the high tore up the Ministry of Foreign Affairs , threatened to its budget . According to the " Central News Agency , " Chin-a.m. and " demonstrating the " convener of the others to AIT , Chin - and others in coordination with the understanding with the police , shouting " Stephen roll back " , " rated debt , not to purchase " and other slogans . the 10 a.m. , Chin and other high-tech to the " Ministry of Foreign Affairs protests , Chin-said that the rumor of " diplomatic immunity " and he will be expelled from the country . Kao and tore up the Ministry of Foreign Affairs ' budget book , and left with the public , together with the " Ministry of Foreign Affairs before the seals on , after shouting slogans . Chinanews -- News reported November 2 , as weather collapsing , Lhasa the popular tourist gradually " cold " , a train Nyulas the number of tourists than the Ninth Five-Year Plan period ( 11 11 ) dropped by nearly 3 / 4 , at the same time , the price of travel agencies have also been diving . Many travel has done a certain degree of adjustment in accordance with the changes in weather , the Shanghai Tour basic suspended Tibet . It is learned that the gold after the train Nyulas the number of passengers dropped noticeably . Tightening the train for 864 people , but in late October , to each passenger train Nyulas an average of only 200 people , compared with the National Day , a drop of nearly 3 / 4 . The train convoy that at present , the train most of the passengers are from Shanghai to visit Xi'an and Lhasa of the passengers aboard . Chinanews November 2 Solidarity Union " legislators " high ( 2 ) once again led the people , and the United States to protest the American Institute in Taiwan ( AIT ) , acting director of the Taipei AIT Stephen citing the arms purchase bill that an apology ; they then took a few baskets vegetables to the " Executive Yuan " to protest against the " Executive Yuan " Tseng-chang to " market to buy food " a metaphor for arms . According to the " Central News Agency , " Stephen has openly called on the hope that the Taiwan in the " Legislative Yuan " this session adopted the arms purchase ; Tseng-chang also said that was purchase orders to buy more than 5 years through unofficial , " no one to buy vegetables and vegetable market after 5 years is not to pay " . Kao 1 and " demonstrating the " AIT members of the " Ministry of Foreign Affairs protests in the morning to protest against the AIT , the police from a tense , high-Chin also said that every day . Later , Chin-dissident to the " Executive Yuan " to protest , shouting " to arms , cuts debt " and other slogans , and bring a few baskets vegetables , Tseng-chang at an inappropriate . Chinanews , New York , Nov. 3 -- Recently , the US Army for " freedom of the Iraqi documents online " in a professional Internet web site of a number of alleged that Saddam period of the Iraqi documents , including the Saddam regime weapons of mass destruction of documents , in particular with regard to the development of nuclear weapons , but the manufacturing process of nuclear weapons to a detailed description of the people . Those released on the Internet materials related to the specific data their atomic and nuclear reactors and details . According to Russia " bond " CNN reported that the visit of nuclear technology experts believe that this may be so far on the Internet in the most detailed of nuclear technology . The " New York Times " revealed this information website , the website now has been closed , on behalf of the National Security Bureau said that they will organize a group to investigate and assess the site by the content . The International Atomic Energy Agency ( IAEA ) Official , speaking on condition of anonymity that the International Atomic Energy Agency ( IAEA ) lodged a protest to the United States , and has put a note verbale to the United States in Vienna of the International Atomic Energy Agency ( IAEA ) George-Saru . Chinanews November 4 China-Africa Cooperation Forum -- Beijing Summit opened in 4 at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing . Chinese President Hu Jintao said at the opening ceremony , China is the largest developing country , while Africa is the largest concentration of the mainland , the Chinese and African population of more than 1/3 percent of the world population . There is no peace and development of China and Africa , there will be no peace and development in the world . Hu Jintao said that at present , the international situation is undergoing profound and complicated changes . Peace , development and cooperation is the main theme of the present . The trend of world multi-polarization and economic globalization are developing in depth , science and technology are progressing with each passing day , regional cooperation , mutual interdependence deepens , these have brought a rare development opportunities for all countries in the world . At the same time , global development is uneven , the North-South gap between the traditional threats to security and non-traditional threats to security are intertwined , and impact on world peace and development of the unstable and uncertain factors have increased , the vast number of developing countries to achieve sustainable development is facing tough challenges . He pointed out that China is the largest developing country , while Africa is the largest concentration of the mainland , the Chinese and African population of more than 1/3 percent of the world population . There is no peace and development of China and Africa , there will be no peace and development in the world . Chinanews November 5 China-Africa Cooperation Forum -- Beijing Summit ended here today , Chinese President Hu Jintao and Ethiopian Prime Minister Meles Zenawi and Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak jointly read out the " China-Africa Cooperation Forum Beijing Summit Declaration " . The full text of the declaration as follows : We , the PRC and the Republic of the head of the 48 African countries , heads of state and government delegation , November 5 to 4 , 2006 to be held in Beijing China-Africa Cooperation Forum summit . We spoke highly of the people in the Republic of China opened diplomatic relations with African countries on the occasion of the 50 anniversary of the summit . We of " friendship , peace , cooperation and development " the purpose of reviewing the past half a century between China and Africa the sincere friendship and solidarity and cooperation , and explored new situation of the China-Africa Cooperation common goals and direction of development , to give further play to the role of the China-Africa Cooperation Forum . We believe that the current international situation is undergoing complicated and profound changes , peace and promoting development and cooperation have become the trend of the times . We advocate the development of friendly and cooperative relations based on the five principles of peaceful coexistence , as well as all advocate multilateralism and democratization of international relations of international norms . The reporter learned from the China Youth Development Foundation , China Central Television and the " common concern " column to launch the " true action " launched since the beginning of this year since July , October 19 , had accepted all walks of life in society contributed 152.07 million yuan to subsidize poor university students 38,892 . To aid poor college students from poverty-stricken families in mobilizing social forces to the " common projects their action " has opened up a special campaign site : www . Shangdaxuela . Cn ( university , ) . Caan China over the country through the work of the network , to meet the requirements of the new " dream of " for the financing of terrorism . 6 , the accounting firm at the scene in a published report on internal control review their action , and that the contributions their action , the management of funds GRAND to transfer security , standardization , and effective , in line with relevant state regulations . An assessment showed that 84% students believe that the recipients , to chart the University for the first time to the study and living expenses to reduce the economic pressure on the family burdens , and the spirit of practicality ; at the same time , their actions also have a positive impact on the psychology of the poor students , to enable them to have full confidence in the face of difficulties , and the public awareness of their helping the severed . The Heilongjiang Provincial Government and the State Council , the Hong Kong Trade Development Council and co-sponsored by the " 2006 China ( Hong Kong ) activities week " was officially opened this morning , Heilongjiang is the most recent large-scale business activities in Hong Kong . Heilongjiang Governor Zhang Zuoji said at the opening ceremony , Heilongjiang Hong Kong is the largest investment partner , is the largest amount of investment , the most investment projects , investment cooperation between the best in the world . He said that since the 2004 activities warplanes , more than two thousand Hong Kong enterprises in Heilongjiang , Hong Kong businessmen to invest a total of nearly 2700 projects , accounting for foreign investment projects of 35% ; the first half of this year , Heilongjiang Province to take advantage of Hong Kong 490 million US dollars this year , two more than doubled to 2004 . Northeast director of the Liaison Office of the State Council Zhang focused on the Heilongjiang investment opportunities , he said , economic and trade exchanges between Hong Kong , Macao , and the old industrial bases in northeast China have become increasingly frequent in the past , the lack of a " package " the advantages of the land is not known , such as natural gas , land and very rich tourism resources . The Chinese Supreme Court President Xiao Yang stressed that 7 people in the fifth National Congress of the criminal trial conference on ideological and political work , " the death penalty " and " strict control over the death penalty " is an organic whole national criminal policy . The strict control and application of the death penalty , it is necessary to strictly apply the death penalty and the reunification of the criteria to ensure that the death penalty only a very small number of extremely serious crimes of criminal elements . Since the founding of New China , approved the establishment of the death penalty system with Chinese characteristics . Since the 1980s , the Supreme Court based on the specific circumstances at that time , in accordance with the relevant laws and regulations , will examine the death penalty cases of the exercise by the High Court . The ten session of the NPC Standing Committee of the 24th were made to " the people of the Organic Law " revised , the decision to approve death penalty cases from January next year 1 by the Supreme Court . This is to implement the " the state respects and safeguards human rights " from the constitutional principle of judicial system is an important measure . Xiao Yang pointed out that " the death penalty , and strictly control the death penalty , " China is a consistent pattern of criminal policy . At present , China the abolition of the death penalty does not have social material and cultural conditions , applying the death penalty for a very small number of extremely serious crimes of criminal elements , is still to safeguard national security and interests of the people , and ensuring the smooth progress of the socialist modernization drive necessary means . " malicious software definition " issued today by the China Internet Association official to the outside world , extensively solicit opinions on the Internet industry and will produce a final version , and malicious software will have to rely on . According to the Draft for Soliciting , and malicious software is not clearly prompts users or without the permission of users , the installation of computer users in the operation or the other end , the legitimate rights and interests of users of software , but China has been existing laws and regulations stipulated in the computer viruses . Draft for Soliciting Opinions that the following features eight as one of them for the malicious software , namely , the enforcement of the difficult to offload , browser hijacking , advertising , and malicious user to collect information and unloading and tied up , and other malicious acts of users the option to know and . Malicious software is difficult to eradicate chronic the Internet in various countries . In China , almost all of computer users have been penetrated the malicious software without the knowledge of , and malicious software for computer memory , the operating system , but the profit is the production and dissemination of malicious software company in the world . To begin from October , set up by the Internet Software Alliance has already begun to prosecute the company . A tunnel sites near Japan Sea Michisuke the afternoon by a hitherto , has confirmed nine people were killed and 18 injured . The sudden tornadoes site office buildings toppled , and the staff members were related to the heavy casualties . The sources said , have crossed the scope of Dafang 100 meters , and their buildings were destroyed a total of 15 . Another ten dozens of buildings destroyed . Tornadoes the tunnel construction site in the North side , according to meteorological reports , the rapid development of the atmospheric pressure on the local has issued a storm and waves . Japan Meteorological Agency in the final yet to confirm whether a tornado , claiming the need for detailed investigation . The Japanese meteorological statistics since 1975 , has never been so devastating tornadoes the hurricane , and therefore the parties concerned . Japanese Prime Minister residence crisis management center devoted to the establishment of the incoming information to this end , as disaster prevention minister has arrived in the disaster , while the Land , Infrastructure and Transport experts of the mission are being rushed to the ground . October 24 , the Ministry of Construction on the contrary to Taiyuan in Shanxi Province to Toyama practice the scenic spots in order to reap economic benefits , in violation of state regulations , in October 2002 without transferring the scenic spots , and hinting deceased . The investigation soon , this is a violation of the country to collect rent on the scenic spots and relevant provisions of the current land in violation of laws and regulations , " the typical cases in Shanxi Province the government will be held criminally responsible for transporting the government and relevant departments in charge . ( October 25 , " Xin Jing Bao " ) A serious violation of the typical cases will be tightened , and the public will certainly applaud the ! However , this writer believes that , Toyama to exactly 4 years ago , if not the only one of the responsibility - the various Yamagata the government and relevant departments in charge of the Beijing be the transferee Trading Co. , Ltd. , the management and supervision of the responsibility . In Prague , will be able to walk to see the buses are allowed to enter the dog . First came to the Czech Republic , are not accustomed to this very , very quickly but often thought someday . Here , passed his dog , as well as the driving force . The bus , or dog or abnormal , it would not be dangerous . The dog in downtown Prague , but no need to worry about speculators " mines " on the street . In general are very conscious , when they are ready at any time from extinction . But the dog after it is not the meaning of life . Relevant departments and dogs are a series of measures to improve management . 4 dog was born within six months , poohpoohed must be registered with the relevant departments , registration of a nearly �closure� : Date of birth registration , a dog owner names and addresses , tags , and there are records of the injected vaccine time , and other relevant information , such as gender , if it is a bitch , but also indicated that the zoo date and the number of dogs , or pure hydatids . If the owner or the address change , it is necessary to timely update registration information . Freddie Mac or public events in the region within 200 meters , the dog must and . Not pulling 5,000 billion ( about 240 US dollars ) . By the local government banned dog the region , the highest traffic fines of up to 20,000 billion ( about 1,000 US dollars ) Beijing Public Health Bureau announced yesterday medical institutions of disinfectant products in the sample . 16 medical institutions of the 20 of Supplies ( of / Aer ) , 5 kinds of health testing is not qualified , qualified only 75% . The unqualified products , such as the two . This is not qualified for the health sector analysis , the main effective and ( bacteria ) is the values . These two indicators not mean that Disinfection bacteria capacity . This shows that the substandard products , the Beijing Municipal Health Bureau has on the basis of the " sterile management approach " to production enterprises and public order and not be allowed to continue to recover production and sales are not qualified products for the offenses , the Beijing Municipal Health Bureau had been transferred to the provincial health administration departments to the production enterprises where the According to Japanese media reported on the 1st , three Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe on October 31 at his residence by the US CNN and British " Financial Times " , an interview with the media that he would revise the constitution . Abe , he said the 3-year term as president of the Liberal Democratic Party , but only served two terms , he wanted to revise the constitution during his tenure . On the specific contents of the constitutional amendment , Abe said that Article nineth of the Constitution is in the current constitution " not commensurate with the times a typical example of the provisions " . Looking at the matter from the perspective of Japan or to defend the international community to make more contributions from other areas , Article nineth of the Constitution should be amended . In addition , as the new values , the Constitution also should include the protection of the global environment and protection of personal privacy . According to reports , this is the first time since Abe about the specific contents of the constitution . For Japan after the end of World War II peace and stability in the Article nineth of the Constitution stipulates that Japan " forever renounce the use of national power to wage war and the threat or use of force as a means of settling international disputes , to achieve this purpose , Japan will not only forbids the army , navy and air force and other forces of war , does not recognize the right of countries " . According to Xinhua -- Oct. 29 , vice chairman of the CPPCC National Committee Henry 28 death in Beijing . Mr. Henry in the process of reform and opening up to the country , and to promote the prosperity and stability of Hong Kong . The death of our deep distress and . Details spotted a our quiver of Beijing , to the embrace of the motherland , Henry Fok Ying-tung will be here as their own lives , a full expression to the heart of his innocence . The final practice ancient tradition of the Chinese nation - roots . Henry from Panyu in Guangdong , was born in May 1923 colonial Hong Kong , and the Wanderers , to enable him to have a more profound feelings for the motherland . Hong Kong dismissed : " over the years , he has put its own wealth , and energy , and strive for the realization of the modernization of the motherland , and the mainland has made tremendous contributions to the development " . I think that the medical conditions and material conditions , the world better than the local Beijing that there , but also financial Ying Tung Fok , have a place to accept any conditions the best treatment in the world , however , the time of life , he said with deep feeling for the motherland . A few days ago , in an all-round way in statistics and monitoring work , lowering energy consumption and saving the city and county levels for release system , and the release of a semi-annual basis . Statistics industry in Hainan Province , briefed , energy consumption indicators communique include product ( GDP ) of ten thousand yuan , ten thousand yuan of GDP energy consumption , ten thousand yuan of GDP power consumption , large-scale industrial yuan industrial power consumption and wastage of 5 . The first 4 of the reunification of the whole country under the communique , after a is in accordance with the " 25 " in a frugal society mainly refers to lists " to do so . The communique of the future will also gradually improved . A communique time two years , before the end of June to the communique of the previous year units consumption indicators , the communique by the end of July this unit energy consumption indicators . The province units consumption indicators data since 2006 Alto social communiques , and power units for the second half cities and counties Alto social communiques since 2007 . In order to improve the accuracy saving the communique , the Hainan Provincial Bureau of Statistics also set up a warning system to monitor energy consumption in the province , 50 key power industrial enterprises . 50 enterprises that are equipped with the energy-Stats reporting statistics . June 25 this year , Shaanxi a rare in the strong winds , hail disasters , causing several deaths and economic losses is extremely serious . Not long ago , the per capita access to relief only one yuan . ( October 31 , ) That kind of news , I feel very heavy , adding that the victims suffered only natural disasters , then suffered a local official as " a disaster " . Our country is vast , but some places every year , and this time , all parties concerned or the government should fund-raising for disaster relief . But relief the most easily become " Tang Seng " , retained , misappropriated , pocketed , ghosts were in an endless stream . In some places as a result of the disaster , not as soon as possible to aid bloodied hands to the masses , but withheld by various means , so that the already limited funds and short " gold " small quantity " . The relief mission is to let the people truly feel the warmth from all aspects of the immense courage to overcome difficulties . Be a disaster relief per capita was only one yuan , " even 1 pounds of flour to buy , this is not a petty incompetent ? " ( local disaster ) Not only hurt the interests of the masses also hurt the image of the cadres . How can this not make people suspected corruption " - people " behind the ? African heads of state for cooperation . Although China and Africa are far apart geographically , but the China-Africa Cooperation in the history of ancient times . Back of New China to restore the legitimate seat in the United Nations , it has received support African countries . In the new century , Sino-African cooperation in the field of more and great potential for more . China since the beginning of reform and opening up a successful path of development , a good example for developing countries . African countries are developing countries , the experience of development of China should learn from them . African state-owned abundant resources , are strongly complementary and the Chinese economy . It is precisely this kind of distance between the common interests between China and Africa , the two sides seek to achieve win-win cooperation . The success of the China-Africa Cooperation Forum held in Shanghai , will certainly push forward the Sino-African exchanges and cooperation in political , economic , cultural and other fields . The northwestern district of the report , posted on the Yuen Foong Yu station in the courtyard of a 24-hour police , was a blue-Ballplayers : " there should not be matterhorn to 110 , or a fine of 7,000 yuan " . Northwest District sent by Mr. Han said that this is certainly not to send police to Works� , they will send people to investigate the matter . ( 31 " Jinghua Times " according to reports October ) It should be said : " there is a matterhorn 110 " is not only a commitment to public security organs in charge of the public and a kind of , as well as by the public in a critical time . This commitment to a " there should not be matterhorn 110 " , has been added " do not want " two words , in a qualitative change . Mistreating , you have things , 110 . The 110 no matter what you do ? ! Well , a kilogram , so why should we do ? The constable from the people say that this is not the constable from the police station , so we ruled that police in this regard . The reporter learned from the Shanxi Coal Mine Safety Supervision Bureau , November 11 at 5 hours , Shanxi Group xuangang , mega coal mine gas explosion occurred at present , the coal mine death toll has risen to 17 . At press time , there are still 30 people were trapped under . According to 5 , about Ideologies of the team briefed the reporters , they go in search and rescue at around 14 , 17 victims were found on the street . He said that they arrived at the venue of illuminating there are still some distance from the four 500-meter , but because of the explosion caused the roof serious landslides , the rescue work , at the same time , the pit serious concentration of the rains also caused great difficulty to the rescue work . At present , the accident and emergency is to restore the ventilation system . Shanxi government and the provincial supervision of coal with the group is studying the next phase of relief programme . November 11 at 5 Tajik group , xuangang coal mine accident occurred at that time , there are two underground tunneling team , to 7 at the same time 3 people have been rescued , one of them wounded eye have been sent to hospital for treatment , and the other is still not working personnel and On Saturday , I went to Beijing University of Science and Engineering in academic exchanges , and visited the building of the school . There is a detail , I think it is worth noting . Today to provide hot water in order to facilitate students and teaching the first floor of the many schools , many schools also set up in each one . But I said , and waste of water resources has become a " big " . I was a result of higher teacher , I almost every time I walked , students will be able to see the brew almost omnipresent or water away and replaced with a pot of boiling water . This kind of phenomenon is particularly evident in the cold winter . The school may have taken note of this point , set up a special three things : two buckets and a parked in the water . Two buckets , tagged a " water recycling " the words on the other hand , tagged a " tea , coffee recovery " . A , on the other hand , recorded every day , " water recycling " the barrel of a parked water recycling of water . Yesterday , Beijing Hospital medical staff in mourning for he recalled , saying that the hospital for more days in the day , he left to the medical staff is a strictly patient , not to forget the Patriot state profound . " is his favorite beverage . However , due to worries about the rise , we should not let him , and even restrictions on the supply of water , the gangs , has not made any special demands of special identity of their own . " Heine Hospital , he said , strict adherence to the doctor dies , more medical personnel and that is , Mr. Tung is his smile , every time the hospital is always a sportswear , a pair of shoes , has a business giant . Heine Hospital , also said that during treatment in Beijing , every New Year holidays , Henry Ying Tung Fok , not to forget the medical staff at the invitation to dine at VIPs , but also the biography of his gift when everyone Chen investigation report by November 3 , as several prosecution Shu-chen , Chen wife , Wu Shu-chen against corruption , Chen Shui-bian also was listed as an accomplice , because of his immunity and cannot be prosecuted , but to grow in them after . The report that Taiwan politicians and commentators have glasses , a complete surprise , Chen Shui-bian was expected the worst results . Chen Shui-bian 's recent confidence for the November election to the DPP Kaohsiung city . The indictment came after all the commotion . He was summoned to the " four kings " , saying that it is also necessary to have more confidential information by the procuratorial , time to meet in November 6 or 7 , did not expect a hurry to prosecute the Chen Shui-bian said : " there is no going to give me ! " As saying that this is not the people gave him more than 6 years , he doing ? The two couples are busy every day to collect receipts making , not much . Investigative unit to investigate , try to buck a perfunctory manner , Wu Shu-chen the summons for questioning on several occasions to be rejected . Second October 27 Shui-bian accepted the interrogation , Chen had to remind you may involve corruption charges should be one of the lawyers requested the hearing accompanied by ? Chen said there is no need to . But the report of the prosecutor , could not see the Chen Shui-bian put forward by more confidential information over to the prosecutor . Local time on the night of the 4 around 10 , including the capital , Paris of France have taken place in the power outage , the most serious in their 1-and-a - half hours . Germany at least 3 states of power once . British media reported that leading French Trade Unions mining and energy sector said that the Electric 30 the country the most serious one , in the eastern region of the worst . French Interior Ministry issued a statement on the 5th , and yet , the reason . According to government departments and police said , there were no serious accident or crime in power , the French television reported that some people were trapped in elevators . At the same time , 10 p.m. local time 30 , 3 states in southern and western Germany also , some off lasted for several minutes . So far , no losses . Online news : the Islamic Revolutionary Guards 2 code-named " the great prophet-2 " the large-scale joint military exercises since November . According to Iranian state television reported that the exercise for the first day that the test of ten different types of missiles , and for the first time test-fired " Meteor-3 " missiles with a range farther . However , the Russian Federation chief of General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces General Yuri on the same day that Iran does not have to create intercontinental ballistic missiles ( ICBM ) . Iranian state television broadcast the first day exercise a missile fired from mobile launchers on the screen . The report said that the launch of a total of ten types of missiles , mainly including 6 types , namely " Meteor-3 missiles , " Meteor-2 missiles , the use of solid-fuel missile , " - guided missiles , " Soman " and " Z-3 " missiles . According to another of Europe , Israel Radio reported the Russian General Staff , Baluyevsky said that Iran announced on the 2nd in the first time test-fired " Meteor-3 missiles , Iran is still not have manufacturing intercontinental ballistic missile technology . 1 , a spokesman for the Israel Defense Forces ( IDF ) confirmed to Xinhua reporters , the Israeli army is currently in the Gaza Strip beit Hahnenberg in a new round of large-scale military action to launch homemade rockets at Palestinian militants from the region to fight against Israel . The spokesman said that the day , the Israeli troops have launched 3 air and ground troops have entered Beit Hahnenberg area and launched an intense gun battle with militants . He said that this is a military action in the past 3 months of Israeli troops in the Gaza Strip in the large-scale , a source at the Israeli more Palestinians were hit during the action , but it is not clear specific number of casualties . Israeli media reports said that several ten armored vehicles to enter the Gaza Strip , but the Israeli army spokesman refused to disclose the number of troops involved in the operations . It is reported that more than a month since 3 in the past , Palestinian militants fired a total of more than eight homemade rockets from the region to put pressure on Israel . Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert said on the 30th October in the Congress Foreign Affairs and Defense Committee meeting , the Israeli army will continue to expand military operations in the Gaza Strip , but will not be long-term to occupy the Gaza Strip . In recent years , dozens of restaurants and ten stolen , and have even been killed by the incident , the status quo for Chinese are worrisome . the Often risked their lives to the price per bag of money for food , they were robbed of money from more than NT$ 100 or cars ; and not on duty are not limited to the public good or remote areas , even in a restaurant near or on public order has always been a good community from time to time ; not only stolen property , criminal elements will also become a victim of practice ; whether more than 60-year-old man , or more than ten-year-old youth , are likely to become victims of the cult was even more shocking , they become comatose or , if lucky to escape injury , also left in the spirit of the shadow of a lifetime . Hong Kong Wang CPIs November 8 , a photographer reported this evening in Kowloon international center , the Chinese star ensemble will be a marvelous performance of the opera and dance to Hong Kong audience . The domestic first-class young actors to viewers a solo , opera , dance and other programs : the Peking Opera segment of " the Matchmaker " , " , the violin " it was " the audience to feel the charm of the traditional Peking Opera , " the vocal performance won warm applause from the audience , which sang the popular song " Jasmine " and " catch up " ; dance " Red and Son " , the young dancers Wang , graceful dance performance of the lingering dispute of love . The curtain on the " toast to the motherland " amid the songs . People in charge of the Foreign Ministry Commissioner officials and more than 100 Hong Kong residents watched the performances of the evening . Chinanews pao reported November 8 Hong Kong , a Hong Kong businessman who nodded inhuman appreciation of the antique , he will be shipped famous antique the mainland , was stolen five wrought 540,000 worth of paintings , including the " rooster road map " . Brother supposed to attend a Beijing auction , to discover that the two paintings by the auction , the police for help . Under the earlier that a stolen theft , but also . The accused ( 40-year-old ) , Kotooka former employees ( 44-year-old ) . The wife Lee ( 40-year-old ) is a steal charged with theft , that was not immediately released . without trial after Refers to the charges , and two in 01 from September to June 05 , stolen in warehouses within the five paintings and a field Huangshi , encompassing 840,000 yuan . The investment , the owners said , the five paintings , the " child " and " blue map " , " the " road map " and the " rooster the road map to democracy , " the wrought about 540,000 yuan of " child " is a domicile , painting a victim , with a value of 100,000 million people , is drawing more obliging the name . Recently , knowing that the local Evening , they found that compared with the relevant provisions of the central authorities , are more tender . This kind of " warmth " many , not the people to wonder : the party discipline and state laws that place , how can you not ? " what caused the accident resurgence ? " This is the subject yesterday Xinhua Carries on an article in the investigation . The article quoted data , said that since October , the National Coal Mine Safety the occurrence of major accidents occurred frequently speed , coal mine accidents rose 26.1% the previous month , the number of deaths increased by 44.4% . Why would resurgence ? Fingertips report eloquently , several reasons that sensibly . But after reading , I also shortcomings what , until I saw a news on the Internet . The western provinces recently , the state administrative organs and staff of the state-owned enterprises to invest in shares , or to connive at the illegal acts of Coal Mine Safety and the relevant departments will be given administrative punishment according to the degree of severity . At present , the Tian Mountains north of the cotton output to the General Assembly after the war is drawing to an end , and the Xinjiang cotton harvest is a foregone conclusion , it is expected that the total output could reach 2.18 million tons . The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region being held here at the 15th tenth plenary meeting , the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region , Xinjiang cotton production this year the situation is gratifying , the total output is expected to reach 2.18 million tons , an increase of more than 11% last year , a new historic high . In recent years , local governments of all nationalities in Xinjiang to increase the intensity of herdsmen through various channels , as the key to the cotton crop cultivation area has an economy with local characteristics of the total area of more than 50% crop , the whole country into the largest production base . Xinjiang to instruct revealed that the state will the " Ninth Five-Year Plan period ( 25 25 investment of 750 million yuan to speed up high-quality cotton production bases in Xinjiang to build , consolidate the Xinjiang cotton industry dominant position , improve cotton production capacity , the Xinjiang countries extra high-quality products and cotton bases . Zhuhai November 2 ( Xinhua News Agency , Chinese astronauts scientific training center , deputy director of the " space hero " Yang said on the 1st in Zhuhai , China has so far no plan and the Maiden astronaut . In the sixth session of the China International Aviation and Aerospace Exhibition in Zhuhai , the astronaut Yang Liwei , Fei Junlong and Nie Haisheng , 1 accepted a joint interview with the news media . In response to a question whether China will carry out the maiden astronaut selection , Yang said : " at present , we need the space and space program , but also does not require maiden astronaut to carry out its mandate . In the absence of a mandate , we also failed to carry out maiden the astronaut selection . " Yang said that the Chinese women have the ability to Shen’s , the relevant departments will in accordance with the mandate of the demand , carry out rational . Because there is no mandate demand , it is premature to maiden astronaut selection and training , will be a big waste of resources . 2 Foreign Ministry spokesman Liu Jianchao said that China will continue its efforts to hold consultations with all parties concerned , everyone set a resumption of the convenient time . For all parties in the best of circumstances , the six-party talks " to be held sooner the better " . Foreign Ministry spokesman Liu Jianchao said , the specific understanding and consensus reached between the DPRK and the United States three parties , through joint efforts , discuss and resolve financial problems in within the framework of the six-party talks . Specific when to resume the six-party talks , to discuss what issues are necessary for the six parties agreed . Therefore , the Chinese side also with Japan , South Korea and Russia these three parties in the contacts and consultations , set a all parties to facilitate the resumption of the time . The Chinese side believes that , in preparation for the best of circumstances , the six-party talks to resume the sooner the better . Liu stressed that China has always not in favor of using sanctions , threats and pressure approach to resolve relevant issues . The Chinese side believes resolving the nuclear issue on the Korean Peninsula through dialogue and consultation is the only and best way . The 1,913 years , Jilin Tunhua people , Manchu . 1927 the Tunhua Fushun school , students will be self-rule . " 918 " after the Marco Polo Bridge Incident , who took part in organizing anti-patriotic propaganda activities . Jilin China in August 1932 , the army , he served as Secretary-General Command , who took part in the attack Cunningham the county . The same year he joined the Communist Party of China . In February 1935 anti-Japanese exercises , chief of staff of the armed forces redeploying troops in the Cunningham , emu , Tunhua , jiaolai and to fight the Japanese . In 1936 , the Northeast Anti-Japanese armed forces redeploying ( the 5 division ) , linguists chief of staff of the commander , June of the same year was elected CPC member . Troops in the Cunningham , jingshan in anti-Japanese guerrilla warfare , command to attack Cunningham , Yokomichi Shihezi , sabotage beihuaidian the first such as hydropower project . 1939 Coalition , China unwaveringly Northeastern 3 command , warships and command troops , have captured Amtsberg in Shahe , the victory . After the success of the command of the guerrilla , and other ex-combatants . Gest�o in northeast China during the War of Resistance Against Japan illustrious military exploits , the people as " jingshan hero " . November 3 to 5 , the China-Africa friendship and solidarity of the grand - China-Africa Cooperation Forum Beijing Summit of the third session of the ministerial meeting of the congress , Chinese leaders and 48 African countries heads of state and government or their representatives gathered in Beijing , attachment the friendship between China and Africa to discuss cooperation to seek common development in the future , and work together to compose a new chapter of friendship . 50 years ago , the new China and African countries opened formal diplomatic relations between the two countries . For a long time , China and Africa are closely linked , and rain . Both in their struggle for national independence and liberation struggle of freedom , or in safeguarding sovereignty and national construction , the development of Sino-African sides have always sympathized with and supported each other in international affairs . In China and African countries to revive the economy and achieve the development of the new period of reform and opening up , the two sides agreed to convene the China-Africa Cooperation Forum Beijing Summit , and forging ahead into the historical significance . The friendship between the two peoples , peace , cooperation , the main theme of development , the Beijing Summit of the China-Africa Cooperation Forum Beijing Summit Declaration " and " China-Africa Cooperation Forum -- Beijing Plan of Action ( 2009 2,007 ) " two outcome documents , the development of Sino-Africa strategic partnership between the two countries and non-cooperation in the next 3 years to conduct a comprehensive plan for China , has achieved fruitful results . During the War of Resistance Against , Shandong had a near the famous " the Japanese agent " , named " . He is laiwui people , the Japanese armed forces chief of the Shandong Yamada . He is our party into the Japanese troops stationed in Shandong the highest leading organs of intelligence . At the end of 1941 , I , the military transferred a number of competent cadres and outstanding team composed of soldiers , and guerrilla in the area and become the eyes and ears of the army in those areas . It is one of the team members . He was the center of a puppet activities carried out intelligence gathering . He made use of various kinds of social relations success in the internal enemy , the name " . With his own and , more deep-rooted in the puppet . His agents for Japanese troops of the Shandong C. , then the Japanese to employ four agents in organs of the Jinan . Jinan gendarmerie commander Yamamoto also issued an official certificate to him . Japanese has won the trust of an endless stream of intelligence gathering available to me through my the past , some of course , I will let him irrelevant to the Japanese army intelligence agents . In this way , the tiger lying down long-term covert . The 16th session of the China News Awards , the seventh session of the editors were held in Beijing on the afternoon of the 8 . Li Changchun , member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC to attend the awards to the Chinese News Awards and special prizes and awards a prize winner and editors . The CPC Central Committee , member of the CPC Central Committee Political Bureau and secretary of the Secretariat of the Central Propaganda Department Liu Yunshan speech at the . He stressed that at present , the press front task of the first , is to study , publicize and implement the spirit of the Sixth Plenary Session 16 . To make a good job " building a harmonious society " the main theme and the dissemination of a harmonious the concept of building a harmonious cultural , harmonious , to foster harmony , provide a powerful ideological and public opinion support for the building of a harmonious society . Liu pointed out that the party since the 16 , the press front Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thinking of the " three represents " as the guide , comprehensively implement the scientific development concept , focus on the central task and serving the overall situation and facing the grassroots and serving the masses , and persisting in correctly guiding public opinion , adhere to the principle of " three close to the principle of " one China " , and vigorously propagate the party principles and policies and decisions and arrangements , and actively promote the spirit of the Chinese nation and the spirit of the times , widely disseminated China voice and image of China , and strive to innovate reported that the content and form , continuously improve their ability to guide public opinion , in order to promote reform , development , and stability , accelerate the comprehensive process of building a well-off society to create a good atmosphere of public opinion , and made positive contributions . Iraqi Interior Ministry officials said on the 8th , the eastern capital of Baghdad Shiite Muslims live in Sadr City on extremism within the mortar shells attacks escalated , causing 8 people were killed and 20 others injured . This does not want to open official , speaking on condition of anonymity told Xinhua that the attack occurred in the evening , the stadium at the ongoing tournament . The dead included in the players and spectators . According to the Iraqi Interior Ministry source in Baghdad , also in other series of attacks against police and civilians , causing at least 26 people were killed and 5 injured . The Iraqi High Tribunal announced on the 5th , former President Saddam Hussein was sentenced to death by hanging in the case of crimes against humanity . After the verdicts were due to worries about the escalation of the violent attacks , 5 and 6 , the Iraqi government to implement martial law in Baghdad . Along with the 7 martial law , the violent attacks in Baghdad again showed an upward trend . 7 attacks in Baghdad , killing at least Monday killed and 40 others injured . 菲业者违法倾倒恶臭废弃物 29人不适送医 法新社马尼拉二十八日电 菲律宾官员今天表示 ,在货运业者涉嫌违法倾倒恶臭化学废弃物至马尼拉郊 外一条溪流后,马里佬(Marilao)镇约有二十九名居 民因身体不适紧急送医治疗,其中大部分是孩童。 Local rescue officials and TV news report pointed out that as a result of the chemical waste stench sky , Mali some 200 residents to flee their homes . Three employees a cargo operators have been arrested on suspicion of the chemical waste dumping , and he is still not clear from the plastic waste denounced what is . Local rescue team official said , " Jonathan is hard to bear , we have been unable to sleep , one of our neighbors rush to flee the region . Local environmental protection , said that residents and vomiting , 29 people to the hospital for treatment and are in addition to four people have been discharged from hospital . Said that the foul waste seems to be a mixed not the matter , but it is necessary to further test can confirm their composition . 居民表示,有人目睹一辆油罐车于黎明前将载运物 品倾倒入溪流中。德拉克鲁兹表示,三名嫌犯坦承倾倒该废弃物,但 坚称他们以为那只是「污水」。 禽流感大作战 专家促增加十亿美元经费 法新社华盛顿二十八日电 The fourth session of the global bird flu conference scheduled for December 6 to 8 in Africa Marley , experts here pointed out that the deadly bird flu virus rises settlers once-prepared to quarantine the country , such as Africa , the Middle East countries and international donor agencies should increase of one billion , a good job in these areas to assist in the prevention work . The United Nations bird flu coordinator Nabassoua , the World Bank economic experts said that the contributions to the requirements and other issues , will discuss ways to resolve the global bird flu in the fourth session of the meeting . The two experts pointed out that , in addition to be held in Beijing January third the meeting decided by the bird flu donated 1.9 billion US dollars , in addition to that in the coming two years to three years , the epidemic for another increase of 986 million to 1.3 billion dollars . 在一场视讯记者会中,专家回答记者询问时表示, 额外增加的款项中,有五亿六千六百万美元须专门支应 非洲防疫。卓纳斯说,今年初北京会议时,高病原性禽流感病 毒尚未出现在非洲、东欧以及中东地区。当时全球只有 十多个国家传出病例,但现在已有五十个国家遭受禽流 感袭击。纳巴罗表示,下个月在马利首都巴马科举行的全球 禽流感会议,不会仅是讨论非洲的需求,不过,非洲防 疫的确是焦点议题。这位专家说,他们也关切非洲、中东国家在面对禽 流感压力时,是否有充份的防疫能力,尤其是埃及与奈 及利亚。第四届全球防治禽流感会议,是由马利政府、欧盟 与非洲联盟等共同筹办,将有来自一百多个国家的卫生 部部长、各国防治禽流感的主管官员、卫生专家与医师 等出席。 伊拉克贿赂案曝光 澳洲小麦专卖公司被迫分割 法新社墨尔本二十九日电 Australia-sized companies to sell AWB bribery former Iraqi President Saddam Hussein after the incident , in order to save the small companies sell , and this is a large-scale forced to , for another company to set up a small underdog . , chairman of the AWB , said he deeply regret this one of the company . Said that this ugly to not only seriously damage the company name , a negative impact on the large-scale commercial and government , but also hurt the image of Australia . 27 after the announcement of the investigation report , AWB , was a serious blow . This investigation report , in order to win a detailed description of the small AWB , 2003 to 1999 , the collapse of the Hussein to the autocratic ruler of Iraq 220 million kickback . Australian Prime Minister John Howard said the government may lift the AWB-week sell the business . The company dismisses the Australian Wheat for as long as small business has been 67 years . 司徒华宣布,在获得公司股东的同意后,公司将分 割成为两家不同的公司,一家公司完全由种植小麦的农 民拥有,这家公司将继续拥有小麦专卖业务,另外一家 公司负责农产品销售业务。股东批准公司分割案后,司 徒华将辞去董事长的职务。 调查显示日本人对南韩和中国观感呈消长现象 法新社东京十日电 日 Benner its annual report released foreign opinion poll results showed that the Japanese sense of China , 34.3% of a previous investigation of the most at 1.9 % , as well as the past three years . The sense that the Japanese , South Korea 48.5% , down 2.6 % , three consecutive years of decline , as well as seven years later after the first time below 50% . Foreign opinion poll released by the Cabinet 9 , to conduct an investigation in October 5 to 15 in response to the country more than three thousand-year-old adult men and women , in which the response to the rate of 56.8% . The results of the survey showed that although the Chinese people to get there , but that good relations between Japan and China accounted for only 21.7% of the respondents , up two % as high as 70.7% by the respondents do not think that relations between the two sides . 过去几年来,日本国内的反中国情绪大幅升高,反 映出因外交、能源和战争历史问题爆发龃龉的这两个亚 洲大国间的关系持续恶化。日本指控中国在引发争议的东海油气田开采计画上 侵犯日本专属经济海域,中国则谴责日本前首相小泉纯 一郎上任后年年前往靖国神社参拜。亚洲邻邦视靖国神 社为日本过去军国主义的象徵。但自九月二十六日接替小泉出任首相的安倍晋三于 十月份走访北京以来,两国关系出现解冻迹象。日本媒体表示,有关竹岛(南韩称独岛)的长期主 权纷争,是导致日本人对南韩感到愤慨的主要原因。 cmn-NG-31-111188-3441278 USENET TEXT 2006-12-11T11:42:00 业务模式变化 ding jianting 2006-12-11T11:42:00 我们这次业务模式的变化就是我们要推出我们的商业版CRM系统－*易客CRM*，继续保留和开发我们的开源CRM系统－C3CRM。 做出今天的选择，实在是迫不得已，在没有专职从事C3CRM之前，一直觉得在中国能通过技术支持和服务能生存，成立公司正式运营了4个多月，发现我 们想错了，国内的企业都不大愿意为服务付费，即使有一些付费客户，付一段时间就不再付费了，因为他们觉得根本不需要我们的服务，每年付费觉得比较亏。所以 目前在国内靠服务收费很难做，shopex的裴总也有这样感受。 上次vtiger中文包要说收费，遭到一些朋友的反对，特别是那些打算利用vtiger中文版赚钱或获得利益的朋友的强烈反对，并对C3CRM's 的blog进行垃圾评论攻击。有些朋友说，说翻译前没有任何通知，翻译后说要收费觉得有点受骗的感觉，后来我们迫于压力，把中文包重新免费发布。以后我们 继续为大家提供免费的vtigerCRM中文包和翻译工具。 CRM and C3CRM each competition and conflict will not be the focus on a certain industry , and strive to Manner in a certain industry . The C3CRM after the operation model has changed , we will be the key to the development of the Second Session of the C3CRM , rather than provide technical support services to customers . In the second , if the function of the increase in demand for our customers with the most enterprises , we will function to free C3CRM , Canada , In addition , we also welcome more enterprises and development staff to the development of the C3CRM , if willing to share , but also can put things into the development of the release of C3CRM . The next step , we will gradually release of files to help more people to carry out development in the C3CRM . CRM distinguish Enterprise Edition and Enterprise Edition and Enterprise Edition is mainly and Enterprise Edition is mainly directed to provide services for the CRM enterprises , such as domestic enterprises in a wide range of IDC enterprises . The company to negotiate with the cooperation of mutual interest and we 易客CRM提供免费试用一个月，在购买之前充分使用易客CRM，点击这里< http://www.crmone.cn/asp/reg.php > 可以申请一个月免费试用。 谢谢支持和理解！ C3CRM开源社区 2006-12-12 Tags: 易客crm < http://blog.c3crm.com/?q=tags/%E6%98%93%E5%AE%A2crm > -- ________________________________________ 中国开源客户关系管理系统: http://www.c3crm.com ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 陈沙克 2006-12-12T00:47:00 希望通过语言包来收费，这个应该不现实，在中国，希望通过服务费来维持生计，还是 很难啊。其实我建议干脆c3crm也不要了，做sugar的汉化，这样会比较好。如果可能， 在上面做一些简单的开发，可以比较容易升级的。不然这样下去，以后c3crm也是没有 人维护了 非常能体谅你困境，希望能坚持下去。 独立开发，估计难度也不小，什么都重头开始。一句话，艰难啊 发件人: c3crm@googlegroups.com [mailto:c3crm@googlegroups.com] 代表 ding jianting 发送时间: 2006年12月12日 0:42 收件人: c3crm@googlegroups.com; c3product@googlegroups.com; c3team@googlegroups.com 主题: 业务模式变化 我们这次业务模式的变化就是我们要推出我们的商业版CRM系统－易客CRM，继续保留和 开发我们的开源CRM系统－C3CRM。 做出今天的选择，实在是迫不得已，在没有专职从事C3CRM之前，一直觉得在中国能通 过技术支持和服务能生存，成立公司正式运营了4个多月，发现我 们想错了，国内的企 业都不大愿意为服务付费，即使有一些付费客户，付一段时间就不再付费了，因为他们 觉得根本不需要我们的服务，每年付费觉得比较亏。所以 目前在国内靠服务收费很难 做，shopex的裴总也有这样感受。 上次vtiger中文包要说收费，遭到一些朋友的反对，特别是那些打算利用vtiger中文版 赚钱或获得利益的朋友的强烈反对，并对C3CRM's 的blog进行垃圾评论攻击。有些朋友 说，说翻译前没有任何通知，翻译后说要收费觉得有点受骗的感觉，后来我们迫于压 力，把中文包重新免费发布。以后我们 继续为大家提供免费的vtigerCRM中文包和翻译 工具。 易客CRM和C3CRM不会互相竞争和冲突的，易客CRM会专注于某个行业，争取在某个行业 做深做透。C3CRM的以后运作模式也发生了变化，我们 的重点将投入到C3CRM的二次开 发上，而不是为客户提供技术支持服务上。在二次开发中，如果觉得为客户增加的功能 符合大多数企业的需求，我们会把功能加 在C3CRM上免费发布，另外，我们也欢迎更多 的企业和开发人员在C3CRM上做开发，如果愿意分享，也可以把开发的东西合并在C3CRM 上发布。下一 步，我们会逐渐发布一些开发文档，帮助更多人在C3CRM上进行开发。 易客CRM分单企业版本和多企业版本，单企业版本主要是针对一个企业的，多企业版本 主要是针对提供CRM租用服务的企业的，例如国内众多的IDC企 业。欢迎对易客CRM感兴 趣的公司与我们联系洽谈合作事宜。易客CRM提供免费试用一个月，在购买之前充分使 用易客CRM，点击 < http://www.crmone.cn/asp/reg.php > 这里可以申请一个月免费试 用。 谢谢支持和理解！ C3CRM开源社区 2006-12-12 Tags:  < http://blog.c3crm.com/?q=tags/%E6%98%93%E5%AE%A2crm > 易客crm -- ________________________________________ 中国开源客户关系管理系统: http://www.c3crm.com ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 刘银东 2006-12-12T04:57:00 生活艰辛，尤其是在大陆。体 谅。。。 lancam 2006-12-13T05:09:00 收费服务确实很难,国内的中小客户(尤其是小客户)尤其如此,哪里能真的实现盈利? 话又说回来了我个人的看法是:托管服务其实考验的是客户的CRM实施能力,而不是托管服务的能力,软件二次开发从创意上来说自然是没问题,但是很考验二次开发人 员与客户的沟通、协调和开发能力，也是很有难度的，二次开发的商务流程搞不好很是影像客户的体验，但是开源软件的发展不容质疑！支持ding jianting继续努力下去！ kevin 2006-12-13T05:45:00 关注你们很长时间，也比较佩服你们，我们主要是作教育营销服务平台的，如果有可能，我想我们可以在针对教育行业的CRM进行合作，为教育行业提供整体打包方案。 我们旗下有精品学习网（ www.51edu.com） 、无忧考网（ www.51test.net） 、搜客网（ www.sooker.com ），欢迎有机会可以直接沟通。 在06-12-12，ding jianting <dfar2 ... @gmail.com> 写道： -- 精品学习网（ http://www.51edu.com） COO·梁武 电 话：(86-10)92519618-811 传 真：(86-10)62519690 手 机：13501283613 E-mail：lia ... @51edu.com BQQ：2310 sunwalker 2006-12-15T08:57:00 中国的CRM市场确实也需要想楼主一样的人士来坚持做开源的产品，可是这个土壤确实不好。 对推出自有产品，我持保留意见。 产品的定义与竞争力会是一个大问题，这条路不好走。 陈沙克 2006-12-17T19:41:00 非常同意，看了一下新产品，里面sugar的痕迹太严重了。 -----邮件原件----- 发件人: c3crm@googlegroups.com [mailto:c3crm@googlegroups.com] 代表 sunwalker 发送时间: 2006年12月15日 21:57 收件人: C3CRM Group 主题: Re: 业务模式变化 中国的CRM市场确实也需要想楼主一样的人士来坚持做开源的产品，可是这个土壤确实 不好。 对推出自有产品，我持保留意见。 产品的定义与竞争力会是一个大问题，这条路不好走。 anky 2006-12-17T19:44:00 走自己的路，让别人说去。 sunwalker 2006-12-17T21:53:00 这个想法是不对的，你的产品是要放在市场中的，在市场中你不是孤立的，你会面对众多的竞争产品，只要你的产品富有竞争力的情况下，你才能生存。现在现情况下，我 估计，单把产品做到成熟阶段就得用去楼主２－３年时间。而这时竞争产品也在进步，而且可能走得更快。 "anky 写道： " cmn-NG-31-111576-3460869 USENET TEXT 2006-12-12T23:31:00 双生子的启示 forcode(奇想录) 2006-12-12T23:31:00 *双生子的启示* ——阅读生物学札记之十一 郑也夫 曾几何时，以博厄斯和其弟子本尼狄克 特、玛格里特·米德、萨丕尔（语言学家）为代表的文化人类学家同行为心理学家华生、斯金纳，遥相呼应，几乎完全执掌了人类行为的解释权。一时间，优生学与 遗传行为学声名狼藉，乃至销声匿迹。然而三十年河东，三十年河西，遗传行为学终于东山再起。在德雷克·弗里曼《米德及萨摩亚》一书揭露下，米德的文化决定 论的里程碑著作《萨摩亚人的成年》因材料不实，顿失往日的辉煌。华生当年雄心万丈的豪言："给我一打健康的儿童，只要他们身体没有缺陷，让我在我自己特殊 的世界中教养他们，我可以保证，在这十几个儿童中随便挑出一个，我都可以把他训练成任何一种专家，如医生、律师、艺术家、商界领袖，或者甚至可以把他训练 成乞丐或窃贼，而无需考虑他祖先的天赋、嗜好、倾向、才能、职业及种族。" 今天这话很难被人相信，因为它不符合基本常识。我的一个朋友是职业田径教练，他对我说："我每年最重要的工作不是训练，而是到中学生运动会上去挑选人才，不是那 块材料就不可能培养成职业田径选手。"想来，各行的状元都当如此。 当代的行为遗传学家反对文化决定论的主张，但是他们不想走向同样荒谬的另一极端——遗传决定论。他们说："没有预先安排我们做的我们做不了， 而安排我们做的但环境没有提供条件我们同样做不了。"他们刺破了环境决定论的证据的表象，比如他们说：家里书多的孩子喜欢读书，为什么其中就没有父母基因 的因素呢﹖这话极其雄辩，遗憾的是它只是说明了在这一场景中环境的影响是可能的（不是必然的，决定性的），遗传的影响同样是可能的（不是断然不可能存在 的），但因为遗传基因与环境每每交织在一起，要拆开二者，雄辩地说明遗传或者环境 的独立作用，殊非易事。同卵双生子是大自然的馈赠的稀罕物，二者的基 因完全相同，但是双生子的成长环境大多也相同。于是一些颇具慧眼行为遗传学家，把目光投向了更为稀缺的案例：从小分离、异地养育成人的同卵双生子。他们企 图以此透视遗传或曰基因对疾病、智力、性取向、精神障碍、瘾行为、暴力犯罪的影响。我们分述如下。 疾病。调查发现，父母死于心脏病的子女死于心脏病的概率是常人死于心脏病概率的４倍，兄弟死于心脏病的异卵双生子中的另一方死于心脏病的概率也是常人死于心脏病 概率的４倍，而同卵双生子是常人的９倍。被收养者的死因通常与生父母而非养父母相似。 智力。斯蒂恩综合了包括１１万个研究对象的１１１项独立研究，做出如下概括：以下二者的智商相关系数分别为：同一个体的两次测试０.９，一起 抚养的同卵双生子０.８６，分开抚养的同卵双生子０.７２，一起抚养的异卵双生子０.６，分开抚养的异卵双生子０.５２，一起抚养的兄弟姐妹０.４７，分 开抚养的兄弟姐妹０.２４，一起生活的父母和其子女０.４２，分开生活的父母和其子女０.２２，一起收养的被收养的子女０.２９。基因与环境的影响力显然 都存在。学者们通过两种方法推算智商的"遗传率"，其一是分开抚养的同卵双生子的相关系数０.７２ ，但是尽管分开仍可能有部分成长环境是近似的，因此 这一指标可能偏高；其二是一起抚养的同卵双生子的智力相关系数减去一起抚养的异卵双生子的相关系数后乘２，结果为０.５２，这一思路是比较环境相同条件下 的基因差别；综合二者，一些学者认为，智商的遗传率为６０％，也就是说环境因素在智力中只占４０％。 同性恋取向。研究显示，同性恋有文化和心理之外的身体原因。研究者为同性恋男性、异性恋男性、异性恋女性三组成员注射相同剂量的雌性激素，结 果发现，注射三天内异性恋男性血液中的黄体生成素（ＬＨ）的含量出现抑制，异性恋女性血液中ＬＨ的含量急剧上升，同性恋男性的血液竟与后者近似。异性恋女 性与同性恋男性在语言测试上都优于异性恋男性。在双生子中一方为同性恋之中，５２％的同卵双生子和２２％的异卵双生子也为同性恋。在养兄弟只有１１％。同 性恋与家族关系也比较密切。同性恋男性最终结婚并与异性一同生活，子女只有一般人的１／５。因此他们为什么没有被漫长的进化淘汰出局，至今未能解答。 精神障碍。人群中躁狂—抑郁症患者低于１％，父母和兄弟姐妹患此病的人的患病率达到１０％。但环境的影响也很大，遗传的只是易患性，且与多个 基因相关。３２％的同卵双生子和７％的异卵双生子同患此病。但是此种病病症有个不寻常的特征，就是它有时会伴随着创造力的爆发。舒曼终生都是躁狂—抑郁症 患者。艺术家患此症概率是普通人的２—３倍，诗人是普通人的１０倍。病症，特别是精神上的病症，有时也是优势，这将使优生学的实践面临严酷的挑战。 上瘾行为。７６％的同卵双生子和６１％的异卵双生子同为酒精中毒者。但即使如此，学者们认为，在上瘾行为中环境的作用比基因更大。 犯罪与暴力。领养儿童的研究显示：生养父母均无犯罪的子女犯罪率１４％，养父母犯罪子女犯罪率１５％，生父母犯罪子女犯罪率２０％，生养父母 均犯罪子女犯罪率２５％。９％的同卵双生子和２％的异卵双生子都走向自杀。研究者还指出，没有犯罪基因，暴力犯罪是揉合了机会与倾向的。凶杀往往是冲动下 发生的，往往没有预谋，往往是熟人所为。但是酒精滥用，家族的社会封闭，抑郁症，易冲动和注意力涣散的性格，都容易导致暴力，而这些因素是有遗传性的。 Biogen of the geologists are not ignore the role of the environment , They stressed that has long been neglected the role of the genetic the same time , in an attempt to more in-depth understanding of the complicated relationship between genetic and environmental protection . Dar�o researchers pointed out long ago , many of the disease why , in the evolution has not been eliminated , because the living environment in the past will not cause these diseases For example , eating habits of the past would not lead to large areas of heart disease , diabetes , blood groups together to curb the rise of homosexual tendencies . To change the eating habits , change the mode of living , have led to the symptoms and abnormal behavior . But on the other hand , established in the environment today , the gene is the direct cause of the number of diseases and homosexuality . And specifically look at all kinds of things and there are differences , the incidence of lung cancer in some more important factor , the gene is more important some 基因行为学家还提出了一些新鲜的、耐人寻味的见解。 比如他们提出，遗传决定了发育的模式与时间表，甚至决定了衰老的模式与时间表。生命中的不同时期基因会发生作用或暂停作用。孩子越大似乎环境的作用越大，但是基 因并不像人们认为的那样逐渐消失，而是随着年龄的增长而充分显露，它更被视为等待到达的事情。 再比如斯卡尔的主张："非共有环境"（孩子们虽然一个家庭中，但因性格的差异导致父母对待他们的方式并不相同，而性格在很大程度上是基因决定 的）比共有环境起的作用大得多。基因塑造了爱激动的孩子，他父母对待他不同于其他孩子，他造就了自己的独特的环境。注意力不集中的孩子发现老师对他不好， 对优秀学生更好。一句话，基因和环境是复杂的、交织在一起的。我想以两个案例来佐证斯卡尔的论点。插队时代，我有一位至交名叫破天我们同为叛逆抗上的知 青，他是我们中间的头领，在数万名知青中他几乎成为神话，在当时"抓革命促生产"的形势下他公然带领大家探亲超假，劳动时不听宣传不冒尖，他的群众威信极 高，自然是领导的眼中钉。后来他的最好的朋友都劝他改变作风，怕他吃大亏，只有我说大家不要劝他，破天会走出他自己的道路。果然如此，开始招收工农兵学员 时，一贯"表现"好的不一定走成了，破天只放弃抗上一年，就被推荐上学，因为领导怕他，巴不得招安他，送走他。我自己的情况也有近似之处。我在我的系里属 六亲不认的另类，屡屡投票否定了人家的学位、职称。开始自己心里也发憷，后来听到的反应是：他就是这么个人，不是故意要跟谁作对。这样我就在别人的"宽 大"中一意孤行了。人们可能置身在同一个环境中，却以不同的性格和行为各自造就出不同的小环境。"非共有环境"的概念是异常深刻。它将一个寻常却混沌的现 象结晶成理论。 *（威廉·赖特：《基因的力量》，江苏人民出版社２０００年出版；斯蒂恩：《ＤＮＡ和命运》，上海科学技术出版社２００１年出版）* cmn-NG-31-111576-3460873 USENET TEXT 2006-12-12T23:20:00 纬线、农业、病菌 forcode(奇想录) 2006-12-12T23:20:00 *纬线、农业、病菌* ——阅读生物学札记之七 郑也夫 这是一本奇书。作者戴蒙德主攻演化生物学和生物地理学，是个反种族主义者，企图从人种之外的原因去认识近代历史中欧洲人的优势。 Diamond the advantage that people often see the white - iron and steel , technology , weapons of mass destruction , the government on the reunification of the outside world , particularly stressed the importance of a known factor - bacteria . He said that in the race to conquer new continent , the bacteria are killed by Indians far exceeds their weapons . 600 1519 , the Spanish landing in Mexico , to conquer the Aztec empire millions of the population , they engaged in the 2/3 men . So that they achieved a decisive advantage of the day is spent . 1520 killed a Spanish transmitted to the half-day Smallpox the other side , including its emperor . Mexico 1618 to 20 million to 1.6 million due to infectious diseases . At the same time , the Indians lack of a kind of bacteria can effectively crack down on the other side . Diamond not be attributed to bacteria , but that they and steel , with guns directly or indirectly , the origin of the agricultural 作者认为，粮食生产不是发明的，不是有意识的选择，是某些行为的副产品，是逐步形成的。早期的农民要比采集和狩猎更辛苦，他 们的体质、寿命也都弱于猎人。并且因为声誉的考虑，男人是不愿放弃猎人的身份的。粮食生产是在漫长的过程中不期而至的。人类学家发现，新几内亚的土著在采 集时知道清除地面上的其他植物以增加主要植物日后的产量，在采集生薯蓣时将可食用的根块切下来埋入土中，为日后的采集铺垫基础。由此渐渐地有了混合经济。 以下因素可能导致了采集与种植两种方式的此消彼长。其一，野生植物的减少。反之在野生食物包括鱼类 并未减少的地域，农业不会被选择。其二，驯化植物的 好处在增长。其三，其他技术的发展，如脱粒、储藏，它们为农业的产生无意识地作出了准备。其四，人口密度的增长，它与粮食生产互为因果。以采集狩猎为生、 经常变换营地的母亲只能带一个孩子和很少的随身物品。只有在孩子不成为累赘时，才能生育第二个。而农业种植要求定居，定居导致生育率提高，其生育率高过前 者一倍。选择了种植一定是因为在该地比采集狩猎更具优势，而定居下来人口的增长，增加了对粮食的要求，又反过来强化占有一定优势的生产方式。这就构成了自 催化过程。 农业考古学家认为，很有可能有9个地区，有把握地说有5个地区——新月沃地、中国、墨西哥中南部、安第斯山脉地区、美 国东部，在古代独立发展起农业。为什么最终欧亚大陆上农业文明蔚为壮观，而非洲、美洲、澳洲不成气候，这是本书讨论的中心。作者当然不认为这是人种差异所 使然。他举了一个非常生动的例子。他到新几内亚作野外考察，偶然断了粮。陪同的当地人找来一些蘑菇。他担心有毒，当地人愤怒地说，这不是侮辱人吗，我们向 你介绍了几百种树，怎么可能不懂得蘑菇，接着就讲出了当地没有毒的29种蘑菇。作者认为几乎每个民族对自己地区的野生植物都了若指掌。更没有文化保守主义 去约束人们接受一种优良作物。但是各地的生物区系和环境是大不相同的。比如新几内亚，比如美国东部，他们受制于自己地区野生植物品种的短缺。全世界一共有 20万种会开花的野生植物，只有几千种可供人类食用，只有几百种得到或多或少的驯化，而成为主打的十几种食物占了全部产量的百分之八十。在任何一个地区有 价值的植物要想逃过初民们的眼睛是不可能的。而如果该地缺乏有价值的植物，将是令人绝望的。 新月沃地能够成为农业文明的摇篮的一 个优势正是其植物群的丰富。其一，品种繁多。其二，由于气候变化大，促进了一年生植物的演化。该地占有了全世界56种最有价值的野生植物中的32种，包括 小麦、大麦。其三，该地短距离内地形高度上富于变化。这样就错开了植物的成熟期，并演化出适应性很强的植物系列。其四，因为该地没有丰富的水产品，在采集 与狩猎资源短缺遂开始向农业转化时，没有与之竞争的其他生存方式。 作者所提出的欧亚大陆率先步入农业文明的另一个原因更振聋发 聩。那就是各大洲纬线长度的差距。欧亚大陆的纬线的长度是其他洲的一倍以上。同一纬度往往意味着温度、雨量、昼长、季节变化、疾病等方面的近似。从而造成 驯化成功的植物在传播上的易行。不同纬度上植物的传播则几乎不可能。生物学家发现，同一作物，如果是多次独立从野生植物驯化过来的，它们的染色体的不同排 列会揭示出它们起源的多重性。相反，如果是一次驯化后的传播，染色体会显示出很大的一致性。以这一尺度检查几大洲的农作物，发现新大陆的作物至少是在两个 以上的不同地区独立驯化的，而旧大陆的作物竟是在一个地区驯化的。这雄辩地说明了前者与后者在作物传递上的顺利与挫折。人类的农业在11000年前始于新 月沃地，到公元元年原产于新月沃地的谷物已经贯穿欧亚大陆，甚至从大西洋上的岛国爱尔兰直到太平洋岛国日本。中国早期的粮食生产独立于新月沃地，高大的山 脉曾经阻隔了两地间作物的传递与交流。但是从公元前2000年始彼此的作物已种植在对方的土地上，因为纬度毕竟一致或接近，高山毕竟不是大洋。 上述两个原因导致了欧亚大陆顺利地被农业文明覆盖，而其它各洲迟迟未能全面进入。一个农民多半打不过一个猎人。但是技术、武器、文人、政府和病菌都是在农业的基 础上发展出来的。因此农人的后代与非农人在富裕与权力上的差距就已经是注定的了。 病菌以后成为了殖民者的锐利武器我们前面已经说到。为什么病菌是产生于农业文明呢﹖人类社会中的传染病大多是从动物的疾病中演化而来的。病菌需要有宿 主，它们在人体外是不能生存的。如果病菌杀死了所有的人，病菌自己也就灭绝了。所以流行病的病菌只能演化并此起彼伏于规模和密度较大的群体中。天花出现在 公元前1600年左右，鳃腺炎出现在公元前400年，麻风病出现在公元前200年。这些传染病是以稠密的人口为其生存基础的，因此它们是在农业造就了定居 和人口的密度与规模后才诞生的。随着人类与流行病菌的长期博弈，基因中缺乏抗体的人死亡了，具有抗体的存活下来，存活下来的成员自然拥有更多的继承了此种 基因的后代，因此最终该群体可以同这种病菌共存且抵抗住它们的袭击。采集和狩猎的小型群体不可能演化出流行病菌，并且因为他们没有经历过这一适者生存的漫 长选择过程，当外部的大群体带着他们身上的病菌到来的时候，小群体将遭遇灭顶之灾。 病菌当然不是白种人面对土著的惟一优势，惟因少为人道，故作特别介绍。关心技术、武器、文字、政府制度是如何产生于农业文明的读者可以读这部奇书。因篇幅所限， 恕不赘述。 (戴蒙德：《枪炮、细菌与钢铁》，上海译文出版社，27.00元) cmn-NG-31-111576-3460874 USENET TEXT 2006-12-12T23:19:00 趋异与分工 forcode(奇想录) 2006-12-12T23:19:00 *趋异与分工* ——阅读生物学札记之六 郑也夫 And ecology of the two factions , and in Darwin before . Darwin the synthesizer . Today treat and Darwin , he has not had that kind of like us is the only representative of the slabs of the conflict , and Darwin at the same time carrying forward the idea of a harmonious . Darwin is the inability of admirers in its early years . The inability to read the works , such a runner on the world , nature is a complex network , is filled with nature in harmony and interdependence . For example , a plant to be able to survive on its own ? It is not possible . It flowers , it is necessary to rely on bee pollen spread to it ; it as a result , it is necessary to take advantage of the birds will be the fruit of its spread elsewhere in this way , this plant can will their future generations , covering every corner of the earth . Therefore , he proposed that the nature is a complex network and its members . This is the first stage his academic and theoretical as a whole , he 他的第二个推断认为每一个物种以及每一物种中的每一份子都在大自然占据着一个位子。最初他使用place这个词，以后更多的使用office 这个词，即官场的位子，一个办公室或一个官职。每一个物种，物种中的每一份子都要占据这样一个office。我在思考了place和office的差别以 后，我就理解了达尔文为什么要用office。因为office确实比place更合适。一个级别的干部就像一个物种一样，局级干部可以说像食肉类一样； 处级干部就像食草动物一样；再低级的科级干部就像昆虫类一样。不同级别的干部，像不同物种一样，占据的office和place是不一样的，获取的营养是 不一样的。首先是不同的类别要瓜分，完成了这个分割之后，同一类人便开始了持久的位置争夺。有占不到岗的、下岗的，比如都是局级干部有的人就上了岗，有的 人就上不了岗，不得不退休、下岗。局级干部占不了别的级别的位置，占不了部级干部的位置。局级干部和部级干部占据着不同的位置，不同的office，而同 一个office上的人要为各自的有限的位置去争夺。他提出这样一个位置说，这个位置说并不是什么太新的说词，追述到很远很远的柏拉图就说在大自然中不同 的物种居于不同的位置。但是达尔文和柏拉图截然不同的是柏拉图认为这是上帝裁定的，而达尔文认为是自然选择造成的。 由此达尔文开始其第三个推论。从第三个步骤来看，达尔文在继承了林奈等人的思想后，确实发生了一个大的转折。因为以后他又获得了另一营养，就 是马尔萨斯为代表的学术思想的营养，于是他告别了那种简单天真的和谐思想，将之与冲突的思想，斗争的思想结合在一起。他继承了马尔萨斯的思想，生下来的比 活下来的多太多了。每个物种为什么要有这么旺盛的生殖力，为什么不存活一个生一个，或存活一个生两个。多一个就罢了，为什么为了存活一个要生十个、百个， 他看到了物种之间，以及物种内部同种之间为争夺位置的激烈冲突。在这里我们看到一个非常有趣的现象，达尔文很可能在提到自然时无意的使用了office这 个词，但大自然和人类社会生活确实可以构成一个非常有趣的对比。大自然当中的现象就是产生新的生命体、幼子产生得太多了，要争夺位置。而在人类生活、城市 生活中，出现的是一个与之非常相似的问题，就是我们进入成年的劳动力太多了，就业机会、岗位太少了。在大自然那里是出生的生命太多了，要为生存而奋斗；在 我们这里是产生的新的劳动力太多了，要竞争。达尔文在第三阶段的思想中强调了竞争的积极功能。在这点上特别好和人类做对比，有下岗的人了，有就业大军了， 就有望提高岗位上人的能力。因为你如果不行，人家就会取而代之，下岗者不断提高自己的本领，失业大军会推动在岗人员能力的提高。在生物界同样是这样，存活 下来的一定是体质更强健的，经过争夺，体质更强健的生存下来，获得异性，繁殖出后代，导致后代更强壮，更宜于在自然界生存。简单地说这就是物竞天择、适者 生存。这是达尔文整个思想的第三阶段。 这还不是他全部的思想。第四阶段的思想在达尔文整个学术研究中，只在他的晚年淡淡地写下了一笔，但这一笔相当重要，可以供生物学史的研究者再 三再四地思索它的意味，并且奇怪为什么达尔文没有把这一思想发扬光大，以至于我们通常都认为他的第三阶段思想是其主要思想。第四阶段是什么呢？它仍然延续 着前面几个阶段的思路，位置少，物种的成员过多，这个冲突怎么解决？一部分人出局，非常残酷的事实，这是第三阶段的思想。而第四阶段达尔文又指出另一种思 路，有的时候可以和平地解决，不需要消灭一部分同类，不需要使一部分同类出局，这是趋异的思路。什么叫作趋异？这是生物学的词汇，面对生物界的一些现象而 产生的词汇。这个词汇如果用社会科学的词汇来做类比的话，非常有助于大家的理解，就是分工，再分工，产生越来越多的新的工作岗位、新的工种。如果说工种是 定死的，比如有10个工种，有50个人，一个工种能承受5个人，当这个工种有6个人、7个人时，就一定要有人出局。这时我们面临两个选择，一是让一些人下 岗，在大自然中就是物种中一些成员必须死亡，因为该物种的营养是有限的。除了这一思路外，还有另一思路，实际上在人类进化历史中，这个思路也是一条康庄大 道。这就是趋异。趋异就是从相同走向不同。每个物种中的成员在大自然中占据着彼此雷同的位置，每个位置的竞争都是非常激烈的。老虎之间的竞争是非常激烈 的；豹子之间的竞争是非常激烈的；山羊之间的竞争也是很激烈的，因为每个物种在争夺同一种物质，同一种营养。开辟一个新的位置就成为生存的一个思路。这个 新的位置是怎么开辟出来的？达尔文的思想可以对此做出解答。物种有很好的稳定性，稳定性是根本的，它由遗传来实现；但在我们承认这一前提下，还须承认物种 的另一个特征，它还有变异，变异非常之微小，但放在时间长河中就会慢慢呈现出来。比如蛾子基本上是浅色的，但不排除千万只蛾子里面有一些蛾子颜色发生变 异，微微发黑、深灰色乃至黑色。这时环境发生了一个变化，就是人类把自然界污染了，工业革命爆发后英国开始有大烟筒，英国的植物都披上黑色的外衣。浅色的 蛾子在黑色背景下暴露得格外触目，鸟类就能非常方便地把浅色的蛾子捉住吃掉。但有幸的是在千万只蛾子中有一些经过变异，颜色比较黑，就能潜伏在黑色背景中 而不被鸟类吃掉。这样经过了一代、三代、五代、十代，所剩下的蛾子通通都是黑色的了，浅色的蛾子没有了。这是达尔文的本质思想，适者生存。为什么变异？根 本原因不是达尔文所能解决的。达尔文以后的一个生物学家蒙德尔提出了为什么变异，那是很复杂的分子遗传学问题，我们在这里不讲了。但每个物种覆盖的面都非 常大，譬如我们人类，我们的品性有微小差别，我们加在一起覆盖的面更宽，就像蛾子，基本上是浅色的，但是当中要有一些黑色。我们的变异也是非常之宽，当自 然界发生巨变时，我们的一部分适合新的环境，另一部分可能要死掉。既然有这样的变异，就有可能开创出一个新的亚种，新的亚种就有可能找到一个新的位置，即 依赖和获取与父辈不同的新的营养与资源。这点微小的差别使他们获得了生存在没有被其他物种覆盖的真空地带的优势与生理条件。当不断有变异者存活下来时，物 种变分化了。 这就是达尔文提出却没有充分展开的伟大的趋异思想。 *（沃斯特：《自然的经济体系——生态思想史》，商务印书馆，1999，定价：27.5元）* cmn-NG-31-111576-3460880 USENET TEXT 2006-12-12T09:32:00 社会化与幼态持续 forcode(奇想录) 2006-12-12T09:32:00 ——阅读生物学札记之八 郑也夫 In almost all of the sociology textbook has a chapter called " socialized " . " socialization " is a core concept of sociology , the meaning is that people to dignity , to a kind of behavior in the process . The main modes of behavior animals are to be . The main modes of behavior is the common development of mankind . That is to say , is still a baby born animals , only in an interview with the " socialization " the only way to become a person . Socialized mainly stemmed a person , of course , an adult after through " re-socialization " . If you move forward with the logic of a sociologist , will feel surprised . But one thing they did not explain , that is why the study of a small part of the animals ? What different animals and the physical characteristics of mankind to study the smooth progress of the day after tomorrow ? Why the overwhelming majority of individual and not to " socialization " ? This is an important issue , but it is now able to explain the 1871年达尔文在《人类由来》中指出："值得注意的是在生命的早期，正当脑子的感受性强时，将某种信念反复不断地灌输就似乎可以达到几乎是本能的性质。"达尔 文说明了人类生命早期的可塑性，却仍然没有揭示出人类与动物在后天性上的差异根源。 是当代生物学家"幼态持续"的伟大的发现，为"社会化"理论奠定了基石。什么是"幼态持续"﹖ 低等的哺乳动物大多生命周期短，头小，社会行为简单，孕期短，每窝产仔多，幼仔出生时发育不全。而高等哺乳动物大多生命周期长，头大，社会行 为复杂，孕期长，每胎产仔少，幼仔出生时发育良好，已具有一定的能力。人类是个令人费解的例外。他的生命周期不是最长也算很长，他的头最大，社会行为最复 杂，每胎产仔最少，而出生时发育不全，出生后的成长期最为漫长，竟达十七八年。大象在出生十一年内发育成熟，在子宫内的时间竟长达二十二个月。人类的孕期 只比猩猩长几天。而"人类的脑出生后的六个月才达到黑猩猩出生时脑所占的比例"。"与其它灵长类相比我们是以蜗牛的速度在成长和发育。"相对于发育速度， 人类的孕期显然太短。生物学家估计，如果人类的孕期与生长期合乎比例的话，婴儿在子宫中还应再呆上七个月至一年。 为什么大自然把人类的新生儿过早地暴露在危险的世界中，是一个令生物学家们备感刺激的问题。多数解答者认为，人的头颅的尺寸与妇女产道的尺寸 的矛盾导致了这一结果。本世纪最出色的灵长类解剖学家舒尔茨说："当选择肯定有利于具有大盆腔的雌性时，选择无疑也不会利于孕期的延长，或至少不利于无限 大的新生儿。"利基说，骨盆开口增大以适应脑子的增大，但是两足行走的工程学的需要为之设定了限度。实际上人类生产的胎儿已经过大，因而成为分娩最艰难的 动物，它只好在婴儿远未成熟时生产。古德一语概括："人类的婴儿是胚胎"。正是人类的"早产"导致了"幼体持续"(neotenic)，即漫长的幼年成长 期。 这一特异发育过程，即人类超长的成长期，激活了当代生物学家以及人类学家和社会学家们去思考其非同凡响的后果。波特曼说，这种提前出生必定符 合心智的功能要求。他认为，人类作为习得的动物，需要离开黑暗的无争无扰的子宫，以易变的胚胎，去获取子宫外环境中丰富的影像、味道、声音和触摸。博金 说，如果生长中的儿童和成人的身体尺寸有大的差别，则儿童可以更好地向成人学习，可以建立起师生关系。如果幼儿身材是按照与猿相似的生长曲线所能达到的高 度，则可能产生对抗而不是师生关系。利基说："人类通过强化的学习变成人，人类不只是学习维持生存的技能，而且还学习传统家族关系和社会规律等，也就是文 化。文化可以说是人类的适应，儿童期和成熟期的不寻常的形式使这种适应成为可能。"迈尔则说："人和一切其它动物的区别在于其行为程序的开放性。道德规范 是铭记在幼婴的开放性行为程序内。人类的这一开放程序的巨大容量才使道德的形成成为可能。在幼年期奠定的基础在正常的情况下可以维持一生。" 可以说，如果没有了"幼态持续"，"社会化"将难于进行，幼儿园、中小学教育和同期的全部非正规教育都将难于顺利地进行，人类的道德将不复存在，人类整个的文明 将是另一番模样。 "幼态持续"是生物学送给社会科学的一份珍贵的礼物。 cmn-NG-31-111868-3475012 USENET TEXT 2006-11-27T19:09:00 美进入年末零售旺期 购物网站人气生意两旺 eの蜗牛 2006-11-27T19:09:00 In a Thanksgiving Day , the United States at the end of the year retail sales . The head of bustling stores , shopping for the main site also ushered in a large number of visitors on-line information and shopping , 1-309-675-4715 these web sites , traffic and sales are as a result . The largest online auction website eBay and its affiliated web site Shopping . That , after the Thanksgiving Day in this Friday ( this year is November 24 ) , the most sought on its web site is a big commemorative the eyes of the caterpillars T.M.X.Elmo doll . EBay . That just over the past this " black Friday " on its web site was sold a total of 2,537 a big cat eyes Caterpillar , 70 _080000_CCTVNEWS_ZHENGDIANXINWEN billion US dollars this year . The same toys 40 US dollars in Monrovia , but it is very difficult , but the Shopping site , its highest closing price was US$ 150 根据eBay.com的统计，除了大眼毛毛外，"黑色周五"在其网站上最受欢迎的是索尼的PS3和任天堂的Wii游戏机产品。 Shopping.com的统计显示，11月份截至周五，该网站的流量比去年同期上升了4成，而另一家网上购物站点PriceGrabber.com说，本月其 玩具类商品信息的被访问量同比上升了225%。 不过，从11月份的整体情况看，网上最受关注的商品类别是家居用品和衣物等，Shopping.com首席执行官希尔曼说，"过去网上购物的主要是年轻男性消费 者，他们多购买电器类产品。而现在我们超过一半的客户是女性，儿童用品、家居用品等成为新热点。" cmn-NG-31-111868-3475026 USENET TEXT 2006-11-26T19:41:00 风险投资：刀尖上的平衡术 eの蜗牛 2006-11-26T19:41:00 几天前，"海派创业投融资交流对接大会"落下帷幕，70多家中外风险投资与数百个创业者进行了对接。然而，创业者的激情和执着却没打动风险投资，一番斗智斗勇之 后，真正被风险投资看中的项目寥寥无几。 风险投资，从名字就能看出来，这个群体注定与风险相伴。不论是刚刚起步的中小高科技企业，还是未经市场检验的高科技产品，甚至既缺钱又缺人、连产品都没有的构想 创意，都是风险投资天天接触的对象。然而，高风险往往意味着高回报。这个群体用独到的眼光、敏锐的嗅觉以及一整套风险平衡术，找到未来的黑马，砸下数百万资金， 并在企业上市或并购之后，怀揣数倍于投资额的回报悄然退出。 "风投任务是泼冷水" 昔日，IT企业向来是海外上市的主力军。如今，随着新东方教育、如家酒店等传统行业成功赴海外上市，不仅在海外掀起了中国概念股的旋风，更在国内创业者心中树立 了榜样。投身创业的人越来越多，以至于风险投资合伙人、项目分析员的邮箱里，每天都塞满了各式各样的创业计划书，只有30%能获得见面机会。 收到风险投资的约见，创业者已经成功迈出了第一步。接下来，他们要经历一场更具挑战的脑力激荡，能否拿到渴求的资金，全靠见面的发挥。今日资本总裁徐新的标准是 ：请在五分钟之内说服我给你投资。而IDG公司毛丞宇的条件也类似：在十分钟之内，我会决定要不要把你否定掉。 没什么比这样的会面更刺激的了。每个创业者都绞尽脑汁，反复琢磨着如何用最火热的激情，最具煽动性和感染力措辞，最大限度地展示项目的光明前景，尽可能地掩盖项 目存在的不足，力争在最短的时间内打动那些手握数亿元资金的大佬。而就当创业者滔滔不绝的时候，风险投资的分析员丝毫不敢懈怠，他们的大脑在高速运转，越过创业 者夸张的描述，冷静地分析项目。 就这样，在风险投资公司的会客室里，一天会有数场智力、体力、魅力的拼杀。对于天天看项目、听介绍的风投来说，靠激情和吹嘘是打动不了他们的。比如，创业者常常 会大言不惭地说："我们这个团队是行业里最顶尖的"，听到这些肉麻的吹捧，风险投资会笑笑：既然是行业里最顶尖的人才，为什么从没听说过？至于创业者"我们的项 目几乎没有风险"之类拍胸脯的保证，风险投资更是嗤之以鼻：地球上还找不到没有风险的创业项目呢。IDG公司毛丞宇总结说："创业者都说自己的项目好，就像天底 下的父母都说自己的小孩聪明，但能考进北大清华的就那么点人。" "创业者是从创业的眼光来陈述，风险投资是从投资的角度分析，关心的是投资回报，将来如何变现退出。风投站得比他们高，看的项目多，可以横向比较，从多个角度考 虑项目的前景。通常风投不会对单一的项目特别激动"，戈壁合伙人有限公司徐晨说。具体说来，风险投资总会对一些关键问题刨根问底。首先就是市场占有率，你在市场 、行业内处于什么地位。如果无法挤入行业前五名，创业者别想拿到一个子儿；其次是赢利模式，靠什么赚钱。这可是一个企业的核心竞争力，如果无法清晰地说出来，基 本难逃被毙的命运；最后，就是团队的情况。 "风险投资与创业者的关系，有时候像拧毛巾的两只手一样。创业者的任务就是说创新、示激情，而我们的任务就是不停地给他泼冷水，最后大家一起来拧，看是不是能够 真正把这条毛巾挤到最后，如果拧干，说明这是一个非常有价值的项目，你可能就会把我说服，那么我们可能就会有一个很好的合作；否则，只能拜拜。"金沙江风险投资 董事总经理丁健如是说。 风投的"保险筛子" 如果按照风险投资的标准，团队、行业、市场、技术产品、成长性，这种种要素，都必须兼顾。然而，毋庸置疑的是，地球上根本找不到如此完美的创业项目。否则也就不 需要"风险投资"这一行业存在了。因此，几乎每个项目都在其中某些方面存在欠缺。有的项目只有技术，不知道能否顺利变为产品；有的拿出了产品，却不知道有没有市 场需求；还有人有了想法，却找不到团队......每次遇到这种问题，风险投资都不得不静下心来，理性分析。 风险投资从诞生时起，就与风险相伴，他们有一套降低风险的手段。简单说，几乎每个风险投资都专注在某些领域、创业的某个阶段。这样一来，他们对行业非常熟悉，对 各种项目见得多了，已经"有感觉了"。看到项目，就能很快比较出项目的优劣。 每当创业者找上门，风险投资首先从宏观来判断。创业者所处的这个行业如何，如果是极具发展潜力的行业，而且创业者又能跻身行业前列，风险投资就会加倍关注。比如 ，徐新看好的是与中等收入阶层有关的行业。随着收入的增加，人们会改变自己的生活方式：老婆懒得煮饭，家里就要买速冻汤圆，于是速冻食品行业就发展起来了。不想 挤公交，就去买辆车，汽车及汽车周边行业就迎来了黄金时代......随着中等收入阶层的崛起，为他们服务的行业充满商机。消费、零售、医药、教育、旅游、互联 网，都是投资的热门领域。从今年到美国上市的企业来看，新东方教育、迈瑞医疗设备、如家快捷酒店，都与中产阶级的生活方式丝丝入扣。可见，风险投资的分析丝毫不 差。 把握了大方向，成功率就提高了。如果对某个项目感兴趣，风险投资会进行数月的尽职调查，然后十几个合伙人、分析员坐在一起开会，如果分歧严重，肯定不会投资，而 是继续观察一段时间。上海地铁一、二、三号线的站台显示屏，都是DMG(数码传媒集团)掌控。DMG正是戈壁合伙人有限公司投的项目。徐晨告诉记者，2003年 创业者找到戈壁时，只是一家推广无线广播方案的技术公司。显然，如果只是向各地的地铁、广告公司推广技术，只是一次性的买卖，而且很难有延续性。徐晨自己都觉得 ，没法说服自己投钱。一年之后，创业者自己也意识到这一问题，主动引入新团队，变成媒体+技术的公司。他们利用自己的技术，抢占全国各地的地铁广告资源。马上被 戈壁看中，资金也很快到位。 在投资之后，风险投资的职责还远未结束，他们会参与董事会，利用自己在财务、市场、营销方面都有资源积累，指导创业者避开弯路，或者提供实实在在的支持，进一步 提升成功率。从行业判断、严格调查、帮扶指导，"三重保险"已经扫去了大量风险。IDG合伙人章苏阳直言：如果按照我们的标准来操作，风险并不大。 "投人而非投项目" 在风险投资行业，一流的风投无不身怀识人之术。这是因为，在风险投资考察的因素中，创业者的个人品质，可谓是重中之重。在风险投资界，"投人而不是投项目"已经 成为大家遵守的"常识"。软银亚洲合伙人阎焱通常花40%的时间来考察项目的可行性，除了分析商业模式、财务问题等硬指标，他把更多的时间则用来考察该公司的团 队，特别是公司的主要领导人。今日资本徐新说："之所以第一重要的是企业家，是因为有了好的企业家才能有好的团队，有了好的团队才能有好的企业。我们把大笔资金 交给他，投资的风险很高，这个人必须要选对。"可见，创业者的素质直接决定了大笔投资的成败。 风险投资必须在几次接触中，迅速评判创业者。此前曾盛传风险投资会有意请创业者吃饭，或者找个地方娱乐一下，在不同场合、不同情景下观察创业者。据记者了解，实 际程序远没有那么离奇。事实上，创业者开始介绍自己和项目时，风险投资就在观察。戈壁创投的徐晨深有体会，创业者的表达程度、说服你的程度、他们互相间的看法， 都可以反映出他们是怎样的人。比如，外向、大度、宽容、控制力很强？ 在进行面谈和演说时，创业者可以包装自己。然而，随着谈判内容的深入，当涉及到股权比例和未来发展，这些与利益攸关的问题往往会让创业者本性毕露。比如，为了公 司长期发展的目标，创业者能否牺牲个人利益？领导人究竟是考虑自己，还是为整个团队、整个公司谋利？团队间的股份、利益如何分配......这些问题布满了地雷 ，既可以塑造出一个魅力领袖，也可能让团队的矛盾总爆发。 去年年底，徐晨接触到一家高科技创业团队，技术很好，市场前景也不错。团队中的老大是技术出身，手握核心技术，拥有绝对数量的股份，而剩余的股份则被另一家早期 天使投资者占据。团队中其他人都没有股份，老大口头对他们说，会给一些股份。项目谈判非常顺利，几乎已经走通了几个月的调查过程，到了签字放款的时候。这时，风 险投资发现公司老大身兼数职，公司的重要岗位都由他来兼任。于是，风投建议他适当调整，让团队其他人参与管理。谁料，老大一口拒绝，而且毫无商量余地。于是，徐 晨和同事谨慎地放弃了项目。后来，另一家风险投资看中该项目，也投了钱，但几个月后就传出该团队二、三把手离开公司的消息。 There are also unique selection of a Dynasty . First , entrepreneurs have a look at " feeling of the business " . Lei was in the Net , he first to enter the short message business , first development network gaming . Others do not see the opportunities he can see , people gave him to adhere to the people will be able to withdraw from the fault with him . Second , made what are the results , which experienced a major policy decision . Third , of the ability to have their personal charisma , will manage people . The hands of 10 , the two leaders also be able to manage , to 100 , when the company could n't , but leaders have become the bottleneck . During this point , to listen to the evaluation by competitors , will also observe his running mate . If his running mate a very strong , but he followed for many years , this shows that the leadership . Fourth , passion cannot be dispensed with . A passionate love the cause , the process of very dry , very difficult , if not this , it is very difficult to stick to the millions is unable to differentiate among the entrepreneurs . Fifth , character entrepreneurs should be open , transparent , honest and reliable , so much money to him , this point we do not take into account the 本土风投"自有一套" 按照美国行规，风险投资遵循"成一败九"的法则。即投资十个项目，只要有一个成功就足以赚回十个项目的成本。随着行业的发展，更多的海外风投认为"成七败三"才 有利润。然而，一些本土风险投资竟然能做到90%的成功率，足以令外国同行震惊。 "海外风投携数亿资金到中国来，他们只有投资压力，没有融资压力，以至于他们会为投不出钱而着急。其实，这只是风险投资的一面。对本土风险投资来说，我们是立体 的。我们的资金非常宝贵，我们能做的就是搭建平台，吸引最好的投资人团队，找到最好的项目，然后筹集资金投给它。"汇乐集团董事长黄浩如是说。 "外国的风险投资财大气粗，如果他们有100亿元的资金，花1000万投一个项目，失败了也无所谓。但对我们来说，辛辛苦苦做8个项目，只要有1个失败，就被拖 垮了，所以我们太慎重了，亏不起"，汇乐主管项目审查的副总经理陈锋林对记者说。于是，海外风险投资往往先看创业点子怎么样、能否做大、发展如何，然后再考虑风 险。而本土风投，则先看风险多大，再来看项目盈利前景。位置不同，评估的结果就不同。 同样的项目，放在国外和放在国内，可能有巨大差异。这是因为还存在不少中国特色的风险。陈锋林说，比如盗版问题。至于垃圾发电项目，技术已经成熟。国内和国外的 区别在于，国外的垃圾分类严格，收集和处理的成本低。国内的垃圾没有分类，而且含水量、含渣量大。如果在国内上马这个项目，面临的最大问题是社会习惯、社会环境 问题，这是一个企业无法在短期内改变的。 也正因为本土风险投资详细分析政策法规，熟悉国内的环境、习惯，把项目可能遇到的每一个问题都列出来，在全部解决之前决不投资。90%-95%的成功率就是这样 做出来的。 风险与回报永远是相伴而行的，在本土风险投资者的努力下，高风险高回报的创业项目逐渐变成了高投入、高预期、中低风险的项目。在一次次将风险化解于无形的过程中 ，创业者的事业得以起步，风险投资这个新兴行当也日渐兴旺了。 cmn-NG-31-111868-3475281 USENET TEXT 2006-12-18T19:30:00 马太�