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Papers on Qualitative Reasoning
Papers on Qualitative Reasoning
Overviews
The QR book is now the definitive presentation of the QSIM approach
to qualitative reasoning. The papers it supercedes are indicated below.
The two AIJ papers are from a special retrospective issue, reflecting
on the status of research in this area.
Bibliographies
Qualitative Simulation
The Basic Idea
- B. J. Kuipers. 1984. Commonsense reasoning about causality: deriving
behavior from structure. Artificial Intelligence 24: 169-203.
Reprinted in D. G. Bobrow (Ed.), Qualitative Reasoning about Physical
Systems. New York: North-Holland, 1984. Paperback publication by MIT
Press, Cambridge, MA, 1985.
- B. J. Kuipers. 1986. Qualitative
Simulation. Artificial Intelligence 29: 289 - 338, 1986.
(The ftp copy is missing five figures.)
Reprinted in D. S. Weld & J. de Kleer (Eds.), Readings in Qualitative
Reasoning about Physical Systems, Los Altos, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, 1990.
[Superceded by QR book, chapters 3, 4, 5.]
Each of these papers was among the top 25 most-cited papers in the first
50 volumes of the Artificial Intelligence Journal, hence the two
AIJ 1993 retrospectives.
Protocol Analysis
- B. J. Kuipers and J. P. Kassirer. 1984. Causal
reasoning in medicine: analysis of a protocol. Cognitive Science
8: 363-385.
Reprinted in A. Kidd (Ed.), Knowledge Acquisition for Expert Systems,
New York: Plenum, 1987.
- B. J. Kuipers, A. J. Moskowitz, and J. P. Kassirer. 1988. Critical
Decisions Under Uncertainty: Representation and Structure. Cognitive
Science 12: 177-210, 1988.
Reprinted in G. Shafer and J. Pearl (Eds.), Readings in Uncertain
Reasoning, San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 1990.
Methods for Tractable Simulation
- B. J. Kuipers, C. Chiu, D. T. Dalle Molle & D. R. Throop. 1991.
Higher-order
derivative constraints in qualitative simulation. Artificial
Intelligence 51: 343-379.
[Superceded by QR book, chapter 10.]
- Clancy, Daniel J. and Kuipers, Benjamin J. Behavior
abstraction for tractable simulation. Proceedings from the Seventh
International Workshop on Qualitative Reasoning, May 1993.
Describes two techniques for reducing intractable branching in qualitative
simulations. Chatter box abstraction eliminates chatter by performing a
focused envisionment while Behavior Aggregation eliminations event occurrence
branching.
- D. Clancy and B. Kuipers. 1994. Model
decomposition and simulation. In Working Papers of the Eighth
International Workshop on Qualitative Reasoning about Physical Systems
(QR-94), Nara, Japan.
Describes a simulation technique that uses a cross between a state-based
representation and a history-based representation. Models are decomposed
into components and then each component is simulated separately. Temporal
correlations between variables within different components is eliminated
thus reducing many irrelevant distinctions within the behavioral description.
- Richard S. Mallory, Bruce W. Porter, and Benjamin J. Kuipers. 1996.
Comprehending
complex behavior graphs through abstraction. In Working Papers
of the Tenth International Workshop on Qualitative Reasoning (QR-96),
Fallen Leaf Lake, California.
- Lance Tokuda. 1996. Managing
occurrence branching in qualitative simulation. In Proceedings
of the National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-96), AAAI/MIT
Press, 1996.
Trajectory Constraints for QSIM
- Pierre Fouche & Benjamin Kuipers. 1992. Reasoning about energy
in qualitative simulation. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and
Cybernetics 22(1): 47-63.
[Superceded by QR book, chapter 11.]
- TeQSIM Papers (contact clancy@cs.utexas.edu or giorgio@dimi.uniud.it
if you have any questions)
Time-Scale Abstraction
- B. J. Kuipers. 1987. Abstraction
by time-scale in qualitative simulation. In Proceedings of the
National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-87). Los Altos,
CA: Morgan Kaufman.
(The ftp copy is missing two figures.)
Reprinted in D. S. Weld & J. de Kleer (Eds.), Readings in Qualitative
Reasoning about Physical Systems, Los Altos, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, 1990.
[Superceded by QR book, chapter 12.]
- Jeff Rickel and Bruce Porter. 1994. Automated
modeling for answering prediction questions: selecting the time scale and
system boundary. In Proceedings of the National Conference on
Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-94), AAAI/MIT Press, 1994.
- Jeff W. Rickel. 1995. Automated
modeling of complex systems to answer prediction questions. Doctoral
dissertation, Department of Computer Sciences, The University of Texas
at Austin.
Qualitative Phase Space
- W. W. Lee & B. J. Kuipers. 1988. Non-intersection
of trajectories in qualitative phase space: a global constraint for qualitative
simulation. In Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence (AAAI-88). Los Altos, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, 1988.
Reprinted in D. S. Weld & J. de Kleer (Eds.), Readings in Qualitative
Reasoning about Physical Systems, Los Altos, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, 1990.
[Superceded by QR book, chapter 11.]
- W. W. Lee & B. Kuipers. 1993. A
qualitative method to construct phase portraits. Proceedings
of the National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-93), AAAI/MIT
Press, 1993.
[Superceded by QR book, chapter 11.]
(
Figure 1, Figure
2a, and Figure
2b were not incorporated into the PostScript file for this paper, so
they appear in auxiliary files.)
Comparative Analysis
Semi-Quantitative Reasoning
Q2
- B. J. Kuipers & D. Berleant. 1988. Using incomplete quantitative
knowledge in qualitative reasoning. In Proceedings of the National
Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-88). Los Altos, CA: Morgan
Kaufman, 1988.
[Superceded by QR book, chapter 9.]
Q3
NSIM and SQSIM
QSIM and Temporal Logic Model-Checking
This body of work treats the behavior graph output by QSIM as a temporal
model, and applies a model-checking algorithm to prove statements in temporal
logic.
Building Qualitative Models
CC
- David W. Franke and Daniel Dvorak. 1989. Component-connection models.
Model-Based Reasoning Workshop, IJCAI-89, Detroit, Michigan, August 1989.
[Superceded by QR book, chapter 13.]
QPC
- J. M. Crawford, A. Farquhar, B. J. Kuipers. 1990. QPC:
a compiler from physical models into qualitative differential equations.
Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-90),
AAAI/MIT Press, 1990.
Revised version in Boi Faltings and Peter Struss (Eds.), Recent Advances
in Qualitative Physics, MIT Press, 1992.
[Superceded by QR book, chapter 14.]
- Adam Farquhar. 1993. Automated
modeling of physical systems in the presence of incomplete knowledge.
University of Texas at Austin, Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Technical
Report AI 93-207. (Doctoral dissertation, Department of Computer Sciences.)
- Adam Farquhar. 1994. A
qualitative physics compiler. In Proceedings of the National
Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-94), AAAI/MIT Press, 1994.
- Adam Farquhar and Giorgio Brajnik. 1994. A
semi-quantitative physics compiler. In Working Papers of the
International Workshop on Qualitative Reasoning (QR-94), 1994.
- B. Falkenhainer, A. Farquhar, D. Bobrow, R. Fikes, K. Forbus, T. Gruber,
Y. Iwasaki, and B. Kuipers. 1994. CML:
A Compositional Modeling Language. Stanford University, Technical
Report KSL-94-16.
- Jeff Rickel and Bruce Porter. 1994. Automated
modeling for answering prediction questions: selecting the time scale and
system boundary. In Proceedings of the National Conference on
Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-94), AAAI/MIT Press, 1994.
- Jeff W. Rickel. 1995. Automated
modeling of complex systems to answer prediction questions. Doctoral
dissertation, Department of Computer Sciences, The University of Texas
at Austin. (Available as technical report AI95-234.)
MISQ
Applying Qualitative Reasoning
Monitoring Continuous Systems
Diagnosis of Continuous Systems
- David Throop. 1991. Model-Based
Diagnosis of Complex, Continuous Mechanisms. Doctoral dissertation,
Department of Computer Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin,
Texas. August 1991.
- Hwee Tou Ng. 1991. Model-based,
multiple fault diagnosis of time-varying, continuous physical devices.
IEEE Expert 6(6): 38-43, December 1991.
- Siddarth Subramanian and Raymond J. Mooney. 1994. Multiple-fault
diagnosis using general qualitative models with fault modes. In
Working Papers of the Fifth International Workshop on Principles of
Diagnosis, 1994.
- Siddarth Subramanian and Raymond J. Mooney. 1996. Qualitative
multiple-fault diagnosis of continuous dynamic systems using behavioral
modes. In Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence (AAAI-96), AAAI/MIT Press, 1996.
The Space Shuttle Reaction Control System (RCS)
The following models are steps toward building qualitative models of
large-scale, realistic, mechanisms.
Design, Purpose, and Teleological Reasoning
- David W. Franke. 1989. Representing and acquiring teleological descriptions.
Model-Based Reasoning Workshop, IJCAI-89, Detroit, Michigan, August 1989.
- David W. Franke. 1991. Deriving and using descriptions of purpose.
IEEE Expert, April 1991, pp. 41-47.
- David W. Franke. 1992. A
theory of teleology. Doctoral dissertation, Computer Science Department,
University of Texas at Austin, May 1992. (Available as TR AI93-201.)
Integrating Spatial and Dynamic Reasoning
Qualitative Spatial Representation
- Rajagopalan, R. 1993. A
model of spatial position based on extremal points. Proceedings
ACM Workshop on Advances in Geographic Information Systems, Arlington,
VA, November 1993.
Discussion of representation for spatial reasoning.
- Rajagopalan, R. 1994. On
shape abstractions for qualitative spatial reasoning. Working
notes of the AAAI Workshop on Spatial and Temporal Reasoning, AAAI-94,
Seattle, WA, 1994.
Further descriptions of spatial representation. Emphasis on comparison
with other methods.
- Rajagopalan, R. and B. Kuipers. 1994. The
Figure Understander: a system for integrating text and diagram input to
a knowledge base. Proceedings Seventh International Conference
on Industrial and Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence and
Expert Systems (IEA/AIE-94), Austin, TX, May 1994.
Details of implemented system for integrating graphical and text input
to a knowledge base.
- Rajagopalan, R. 1994. Integrating
text and graphical input to a knowledge base. Working note of
the AAAI Workshop on Integration of Natural Language and Vision Processing,
AAAI-94, Seattle, WA, 1994.
Further extensions of work on integrating diagrammatic and text input to
a knowledge base.
- Raman Rajagopalan. 1995. Picture
Semantics for Integrating Text and Diagram Input. Artificial
Intelligence Review 10(3-4). Special issue on Integration of
Natural Language and Vision Processing, Recent Advances Volume.
Heterogeneous Control
- Benjamin Kuipers & Karl Astrom. 1991. The
composition of heterogeneous control laws. In Proceedings of
the American Control Conference, 1991, p.630-636.
Abstract
Reprinted in Abraham Kandel & Gideon Langholz (Eds.), Fuzzy Control
Systems, CRC Press, 1993, pp. 243-261.
Reprinted in R. R. Yager & L. A. Zadeh (Eds.), Fuzzy Sets, Neural
Networks and Soft Computing, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1994,
pp. 45-62.
- B. J. Kuipers and K. Astrom. 1994. The
composition and validation of heterogeneous control laws. Automatica
30(2): 233--249.
Abstract
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