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From: meus0001@maroon.tc.umn.edu (William E Meuse)
Subject: Re: List of Mandan & Welsh Points of Resemblance
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Date: Tue, 7 Feb 1995 00:19:00 GMT
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 Well, here again are some of the more striking resemblances that demand 
an explanation, as corrected, eliminating some of the long-shots. 

: English		Mandan			Welsh	
: -------		------			-----
: to love 		PAQARE			KARU
: Love			PAQADE			KARYAD	
: Peace			HEROKAHEREESH		HETHUQ
: Near			ASKASH			AGOS	
: House 		OTEE     	        TEE
: Head			PAN			PEN
: Branch		OHQANQA			KAYNK
: We			NUWONA			NUNEE
: Fish			PO			PUSG
: Father		TATIE			TAD
: Forehead		EET'HAKE		Y TALKEN
: Plain			QAHOSTE			GWASTAD
: Robe 			MAHEETU			MANTEL

  By the way, the robe or Maheetu was one of the centrepieces of Mandan 
culture, being one of the most personalised forms of individual 
expression among the males, who loved to wear their decorated Maheetu's.

: Grandfather		TATESHEEKE		TADKU
: Grandmother		NANSHEEKE		NAYN
: Maybe			TUSH'HAKTOSH		USGATFUTH

: Welsh MANUWETHEN, shrub  - Mandan MANASUKE, shrub, with MANA = wood
: Welsh MEEN, riverbank - Mandan MEENEEWAKAQTE, riverbank, w/ MEENEE = Water
: Welsh PANT, brook - Mandan PASANHE, river
: Welsh HANER DUTH - noon (1/2 day) - Mandan HAMPENATOSH, noon, but while in 
: Welsh the HANER part means 'half' in Mandan HAMPAH means 'day'. (Folk 
: etymology!)

: English		Mandan			Welsh 
: -------		------			-----
: Dry			SAH-KOSH		SUQU
: to dry		RASA-KOSH		KRASEN
: Hollow		QOWO-KOSH		KEWOL
: Dull			SU-KOHSH		SURTH
: Open			RUPSHU-KOSH		RUWTH
: to crush		RUSEEN-KOSH		DAROSTUNG
: to twist		MEEHNUPTA-KOHSH		NUTHDROY
: to work		WAYSE-KOSH		GWETHEEYO
: to strike		ROT-KESH		TARO
: Half			EEHQ-ANHE		HANER
: to clean		EEHKEEQ-KANHUSH		GLANHAW
: Empty			OKEE-KOHE		KOWEG
: to hope		EE-WATEHRUSH		HUDRU
: to growl		QANAHAHOSH		QUQAN
: Nettle		QANHEEGANADE		DANADLAN

 Yes, one of the posters was correct, Mandan is clearly related to other 
"Siouan" languages and possibly also Cherokee. But the connection between 
these languages and Welsh has also been noted. Mandan simply represents 
the -purest- strain of Welsh-like speech and the members of the tribe 
apparently enjoyed a revered and protected status from these other, more 
hybridised groups. There is much, much more on this I could share with you, 
but I'll leave it to you all first to do some research on the Mandans. 
(Don't be lazy, you Internet-potatoes! Get in that library!) 8:)

: Bone			AHUDE			ASGURN
: Elevation		MAQTE			UQDER
: Beak 			PAQU			PUG    
: Sour			HARUSH			SARUG
: Pregnant		EHQEEQTE		BIEQEEYOG
: Large Stone		MEENDEQTESH		MAYEN
: Tinder		MEEHKADE		MAGDAN
: Clear			DEQE			DIEWOG
: Tiresome		QEHRUSH			BLEENDERUS
: Trail			ONEEHNDE		OL
: Claw			UNKAHE			KRAVANK
: to drive		KOQEHRUTOSH		GURU
: to grow		EENEEHNDUSH		KUNUTHU
: Firm			KAHSESH			KALED
: Breath		ONEEHE			ANADIL
: to die		TERUSH			TRENGU
: Brave			KAKAHONSH		KALONOG	

 By the way - here's what I came up with for 
 
 "yr eiddoch chi yn bur"

Taken literally, word-for-word, this means "the: yours: you: in: rage::"
But since "yr eiddoch yn cywir" means "yours sincerely", then this must 
mean "Yours truly in rage" or something. I'm not sure what to make of the 
extra "chi". Maybe it implies "Yours truly, with -you- in rage". Also, 
the word "bur" I looked up can also mean "violence".   

 Okay, so what would it be in Mandan translation? Well, word for word, as 
near as I can tell, this would become "NEEYATA NEEYAWNA ROKTA WAWSANDE."
A far cry from the Welsh. But wait! My sources informed me that the forms 
"chi" and "eiddoch" are literary inventions of 20th Century Welsh for 
"You" and "yours", respectively... Mediaeval Welsh would have been a bit 
closer to the Mandan forms "Neeyawna" and "Neeyata", I believe. I'll get 
back to you on that one, Alex... I couldn't find a Mandan equivalent to 
"violence, rage" in my small Glossary, either... So I improvised with 
"wawsande" a nominalised form of the verb "to fight".   

Cheers and cool runnings,  Ras William I
