Newsgroups: sci.image.processing
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From: <ringolam>
Subject: Gaussian Maximum Likelihood Classifier on Texture
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I have a big problem with using Gaussian Maximum Likelihood (GML) Classifier on
image processing problem, especially on textures. Although many researchers
claimed to use the GML for classifying textured image, I cannot obtain similar
performance as they claimed. Because the feature vector does not in general
obey  iid multivariate distribution, the covariance matrix has significant
off-diagonal parameters. Therefore, the GML classifier cannot provide the
result as good as a simple classifier (based on the cluster center and the
variance).
I have checked my program many times but cannot find any bug about the program.
I suspect that the assumption of using GML for many image classification
problem is wrong, at least for my tested textured image.

Does anyone have idea of using the GML classifier? Please let me know if you
have any great idea.

Ringo Lam
Hong Kong Polytechnic U.
e-mail:ringolam@en_ci10.en.polyu.edu.hk> 
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<TITLE>Newsgroup Newsgroup sci.image.processing,  Articles 7171-7270</TITLE=
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<H1>Newsgroup Newsgroup sci.image.processing,  Articles 7171-7270</H1>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF=3D"aprc.340.00092F6F@pcmail.nerc-bas.ac.uk">"Re: Public domain =
PCD to GIF converter" - A P R Cooper</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3v8mvh$qt5@nntp.crl.com">"Re: Fast median filter implementat=
ion (?)" - Mitch Wade</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3v8tl9$6si@ddi2.digital.net">"Re: feasible? CRT-top camera t=
racks one's nose? (to replace mouse)" - Nathan A. Harris</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3v8tl9$6si@ddi2.digital.net">"Re: feasible? CRT-top camera t=
racks one's nose? (to replace mouse)" - Nathan A. Harris</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3v8l8a$qkv@msunews.cl.msu.edu">"RS6000 Framegrabber?" - Shar=
ath Pankanti</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"Poynton-2607951503200001@ts8-04.inforamp.net">"Technical Int=
roduction to Digital Video, Ch 1" - Charles A. Poynton</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"806904576.AA12345@oce.orst.edu">"sci.image.processing answer=
s (FAQ) Digest" - John Stanley</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3va5ef$kin@newsbf02.news.aol.com">"New Web Site for 10/8 bit=
 Digital Video Camera's !" - DVCCO</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3va584$1pl@iki114.inf.tu-dresden.de">"Re: What is this edge =
detector called? Ref?" - Torsten Ihle</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3v8bic$su2@mailer.york.ac.uk">"Re: Image comparison" - Matt =
Wenham</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"natonek.20.3018C285@dmt.epfl.ch">"Re: Installing Matrox Come=
t Framegrabber in win3.11" - Emerico Natonek</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vaht7$8d@news.iesd.auc.dk">"Re: Installing Matrox Comet Fra=
megrabber in win3.11" - Peter Jurgensen</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"DCFFMM.5Bs@cee.hw.ac.uk">"Automatic Postal Code Sorting Syst=
ems" - Guanghua Zhang</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vaqr0$ftn@highway.LeidenUniv.nl">"Re: HELP -&gt; Windows *.=
bmp format" - Stephen C. Steel</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3var8i$2pn@p235.informatik.uni-Bremen.de">"Q: Morphological =
classification" - Uwe Behrens</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vb1c7$5k1@news.puug.pt">"What scanner should I buy ?" - Lib=
orio Manuel Silva</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vb1i8$5k1@news.puug.pt">"What scanner should i buy ?" - Lib=
orio Manuel Silva</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vbbj3$52h@post.gsfc.nasa.gov">"Meyer wavelet computations" =
- Dey Melvinned Me</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vbja0$1cag@usenetp1.news.prodigy.com">"Compression Hardware=
/Software" - Brian Jalet</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vblr7$dn2@dawn.mmm.com">"Colorimetry Software for Mac" - Ma=
rtin B. Wolk</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vcb31$6j6@net.auckland.ac.nz">"HARC Compression claims... o=
versights, or designed to mislead??" - Sridhar Srinivasan</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vbtgb$fhu@news.ccit.arizona.edu">"MATRIX,ELT/3000" - Patric=
k Yuen</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vcap6$8pj@holodeck.iss.nus.sg">"Gabor Wavelet Examples ?" -=
 Patrick Chan Khue Hiang (tian</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vc9hj$m2j@newshound.uidaho.edu">"Conversion of Mac Quicktak=
e 150 files to windows format" - Michael Norton</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"TGL.95Jul29075247@netcom18.netcom.com">"Re: HARC Compression=
 claims... oversights, or designed to mislead??" - Tom Lane</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vdtd9$3g3@serv.hinet.net">"Re: Public domain PCD to GIF con=
verter" - Vincent Chen</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3veh4a$t67@barnacle.iol.ie">"SONAR  IMAGE  HELP PLEASE" - pa=
ddy</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3ve35i$207@news.acns.nwu.edu">"Kodak Photo CD for Black and =
White" - James H. Choi</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vf7jp$9qu@ixnews2.ix.netcom.com">"Re: Image comparison" - T=
om Potter</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vfdn8$g4e@news.tamu.edu">"Re: Public domain PCD to GIF conv=
erter" - Christopher Cherry</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vf802$5dq@news.si.usherb.ca">"For a DOS viewer of PostScrip=
t file" - qxu@aix1.si.usherb.ca</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vf802$5dq@news.si.usherb.ca">"For a DOS viewer of PostScrip=
t file" - qxu@aix1.si.usherb.ca</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vf802$5dq@news.si.usherb.ca">"For a DOS viewer of PostScrip=
t file" - qxu@aix1.si.usherb.ca</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vg4sv$dru@gnu.mat.uc.pt">"Re: What is this edge detector ca=
lled? Ref?" - Paulo Carvalho</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vgb2a$3v8@nnrp4.primenet.com">"Re: Kodak Photo CD for Black=
 and White" - Mark Knutson</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vgbpu$48u@nntp.Stanford.EDU">"Re: HARC Compression claims..=
=2E oversights, or designed to mislead?" - Rick Ottolini</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vgh1v$1fn@news1.delphi.com">"Re: Kodak Photo CD for Black a=
nd White" - James Bacus</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vghqp$dku$1@mhadf.production.compuserve.com">"Re: MS Window=
s image analysis progs (and where's the FAQ?)" - Luc Nocente</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vgoqv$8q4@newsbf02.news.aol.com">"Re: HARC Compression clai=
ms... oversights, or designed to mislead??" - PWBarr</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vh18t$abl@news.bu.edu">"Re: Public domain PCD to GIF conver=
ter" - maohai huang</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vgj5l$1rr@superb.csc.ti.com">"Job Posting - Video, TV Engin=
eering" - Vishal Markandey</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vh29v$llb@cantua.canterbury.ac.nz">"*** help - counting con=
nected regions and holes *****" - "b. chalmers"</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vh36c$llb@cantua.canterbury.ac.nz">"*** connected regions &=
amp; holes - help ***" - "b. chalmers"</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"DCIvFF.69u@asp.co.il">"Re: What is this edge detector called=
? Ref?" - Rutie Adar</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vhisq$sjv@falcon.ccs.uwo.ca">"Re: What is this edge detecto=
r called? Ref?" - Jeff Lawrence</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vhj71$ega@news.tamu.edu">"SunVideo question" - Thomas B Bro=
wn</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vhmp3$4jf@ixnews3.ix.netcom.com">"You might want to follow"=
 - Gary Ingram</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"1995Jul31.042208.15199@sserve.cc.adfa.oz.au">"Q: Shape Facto=
r work by Briebriska" - Mashallah Abbasi-Dezfouli</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"rosiekm-3107950824330001@dumbo.irr.rl.af.mil">"Re: Kodak Pho=
to CD for Black and White" - Mark Rosiek</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vi1cs$9et@fbi-news.informatik.uni-dortmund.de">"Re: feasibl=
e? CRT-top camera tracks one's nose? (to replace mouse)" - Alexander Klaus =
LS7</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3viqe4$75s@netnews.upenn.edu">"wtb: ishimaru book" - J. Scot=
t Tyo</A>
prc.346.000C5D6A@pcmail.nerc-bas.ac.uk">"Re: Kodak Photo CD=
 for Black and White" - A P R Cooper</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"BS.95Jul31131616@Sysiphos.MI.Uni-Koeln.DE">"Re: MATRIX,ELT/3=
000" - Barthel Steckemetz</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"1995Jul31.124602.2578@newsspool.erim.org">"3-D micron-level =
surface or sample mensuration" - Ron Swonger</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vj1qo$fhp@cantaloupe.srv.cs.cmu.edu">"Road Following Vehicl=
es" - Ulrich Nehmzow</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"1995Jul31.165156.18684@leeds.ac.uk">"look info of ultrasonic=
 process tomography" - M Yang</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vj4it$kb6@acmex.gatech.edu">"Re: camera control with a PC ?=
" - Peter William Presti</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"DCL9AC.EKH@crash.cts.com">"New WWW OCR Directory from Mitek =
Systems" - Michal Prussak - Mitek Systems</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"DCKyAF.K4K@bbc.co.uk">"Re: Image comparison" - Nigel Megitt<=
/A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"konst.807218830@depot.cis.ksu.edu.cis.ksu.edu">"histogram an=
alysis ?" - Konst Sushenko</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"DCLpJq.29G@research.att.com">"Re: Public domain PCD to GIF c=
onverter" - Andrew Koenig</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vjbde$jme@nouvelles.e33.dreo.dnd.ca">"sea surface stereo-ph=
otography" - Tasos Drosopoulos</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vjs66$7jo@nntp.Stanford.EDU">"Stereographics Generating Sof=
tware" - Eric Yang</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vkdsp$gff@net.auckland.ac.nz">"Accelerating Iterative Algor=
ithms" - David Biggs</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"7096643wnr@dstrip.demon.co.uk">"Re: HARC Compression claims.=
=2E. oversights, or designed to mislead??" - Steve Rencontre</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vko8s$r60@dingo.cc.uq.oz.au">"MMOTION .mmp format??" - DGK<=
/A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vl026$vbk@cpca3.uea.ac.uk">"Re: For a DOS viewer of PostScr=
ipt file" - "C. Jeremy Pye"</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vl7ug$cro@fontainebleau.ensmp.fr">"Image processing algorit=
hms and other questions" - Johann ALER <aler@cgi.ensmp.fr></A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"aroberts-020895093103@139.86.144.66">"Re: Accelerating Itera=
tive Algorithms" - Tony Roberts</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vmjb5$71e@nntp5.u.washington.edu">"Re: sea surface stereo-p=
hotography" - Terrance King</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vmru5$ee9@nnrp.ucs.ubc.ca">"[ANNOUNCE] WiT 4.8 visual compu=
ting for imaging" - Terence Arden</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vmru5$ee9@nnrp.ucs.ubc.ca">"[ANNOUNCE] WiT 4.8 visual compu=
ting for imaging" - Terence Arden</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"DCo0Jp.K1G@world.std.com">"News Release: R2V 1.8 Released" -=
 Able Software Co.</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"kryan-0208950017250001@dcc00195.slip.digex.net">"Re: Help wi=
th particle sizing in DIC microscope images." - Kevin W. Ryan</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vnlck$5ae@news.uni-c.dk">"3D distance transform" - Claus Gr=
amkow</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vntgo$eru@news.iesd.auc.dk">"Any experiens with stereo cali=
bration using high distortion lenses ?" - Devitech</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"DCoqp2.5wI@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU">"Segmentation/Med Imagi=
ng Talk 8/4" - William Katz</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vo96p$t2r@ns.mcs.kent.edu">"wanted: 2d blurring matrix" - Q=
in Zhang</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"1995Aug2.170119.25133@emba.uvm.edu">"low cost / high shutter=
 speed digital camera" - Joel Schlagel</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vol4o$11o@hammer.msfc.nasa.gov">"Re: Position Detection of =
Dark Objects" - William Kaukler</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vqu33$9js@roch3.eznet.net">"Video Enhancement Wanted" - ufo=
@eznet.net</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"Pine.HPP.3.91.950803101501.26637A-100000@falcon.ucsd.edu">"N=
eed software advice!" - Geno Pawlak</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"DCr1BK.80B@phoebus.sunnybrook.utoronto.ca">"HELP: need C cod=
e for windows bitmap" - Christopher Macgowan</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"sdelacru-0308951432290001@ssc107.usc.edu">"2D slices -&gt; 3=
D ?" - San-Ching De La Cruz</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vrgjs$s2r@ra.nrl.navy.mil">"Re: 2D slices -&gt; 3D ?" - rmw=
</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vrh3g$crl@lo-fan.jpl.nasa.gov">"CODE ON HUFFMAN CODING" - h=
vyas@yukon.jpl.nasa.gov</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"1995Aug4.110307@omega.ntu.ac.sg">"Reducing Bitmaps to Graphi=
cal Primitives" - _ -*: KAREN :*- _</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vs6iq$kfm@nntp5.u.washington.edu">"Re: Need software advice=
!" - Terrance King</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vs93s$l8p@nntp5.u.washington.edu">"Re: Need software advice=
!" - Terrance King</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"DCruCw.n3x.0.queen@torfree.net">"Waterworld effects" - Jaspe=
r Li</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vsrrs$b46@alpha.cisi.unige.it">"Re: CFP: IEEE SW Symp on Im=
g Analysis" - Alberto Diaspro</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"DCs903.255@cf.ac.uk">"Bitmap 'dissasembler' request" - Mark =
Sutton</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"Pine.SUN.3.91.950804094602.2014A-100000@yellow-brick-road.mi=
t.edu">"Localization Index?" - Yueh Zenas Lee</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vtf4i$dhu@reuter.cse.ogi.edu">"Printing b&amp;w images" - M=
ilt Scholl</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vtjl7$35e@odo.PEAK.ORG">"Re: Waterworld effects" - Andreas =
Queisser</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"jkleinme-0408950125570001@piranah.mrs.jhu.edu">"Re: Where's =
NIH Image and documentation" - James Kleinmeyer</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vts2p$4j0@pith.uoregon.edu">"Re: Saving 100GB of data for 1=
5 years cheaply" - Christopher Michael Jones</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"pdunlave-0408951650100001@192.0.2.1">"[Q] Periodic Noise Eli=
mination using FFT" - Patrick Dunlavey</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vu1nn$2di@filet.nrlssc.navy.mil">"Re: morphological filters=
" - Matthew Lybanon</A>
<LI><A HREF=3D"3vu2tq$jka@news.inc.net">"Cubic spline interpolation algorit=
hm" - Jean - Paul Ameline</A>
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